Akta Agrosia

The Effect of Ultisols Subsoil Combined with Mexican Sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) Compost and Vermicompost on Pre-Nursery Growth of Oil Palm Seedling

Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The productivity of oil palm is determined by the use of high-quality seedlings that have good growth potential, appearance, and the ability to grow in various environmental conditions. To obtain good oil palm seedlings, attention must be paid to the planting media used. The objective of this research was to determine the appropriate composition of planting media, consisting of Ultisols subsoil, compost, and vermicompost, for oil palm seedlings in the pre-nursery stage. This study was conducted from January to April 2023, used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor consisting of 10 treatments, which are 100% Ultisols subsoil, 80% Ultisols subsoil + 20% mexican sunflower compost, 80% Ultisols subsoil + 20% vermicompost, 60% Ultisols subsoil + 20% mexican sunflower compost + 20% vermicompost, 60% Ultisols subsoil + 10% mexican sunflower compost + 30% vermicompost, 60% Ultisols subsoil + 30% mexican sunflower compost + 10% vermicompost, 60% Ultisols subsoil + 40% mexican sunflower compost 60% Ultisols subsoil + 40% vermicompost, 50% Ultisols subsoil + 50% mexican sunflower compost, 50% Ultisols subsoil + 50% vermicompost. The research results showed that the composition of 60% Ultisols subsoil + 40% vermicompost provided the best growth for oil palm seedlings in the pre-nursery stage, as evidenced by seedling growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, root volume, root dry weight, crown dry weight, and plant dry weight

Keyword: mexican sunflower compost, pre nursery, ultisols subosil, vermicompost.

Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Golden berries (Physalis spp.) Based on Morphological Characters

Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Golden berries is a plant that has medicinal functions, fresh fruit and has high economic value. Golden berries plant breeding is carried out to improve the quality of the plant. This research aims to analyze the genetic diversity of Golden berries to produce new varieties. This research was conducted at the Lampung State Polytechnic Greenhouse from April to September 2023. This research used qualitative methods and the variables observed included variables in the vegetative and generative phases. The results showed that the five genotypes studied showed quite high diversity, namely at a copenhetic distance of 0.8. The golden 1 and golden 2 and red genotypes belong to Physalis peruviana while the two local genotypes are Physalis angulata. High diversity has great potential for crossbreeding so that it can produce heterosis traits. Heterosis is the characteristic of offspring being able to exceed the characteristics of their two parents. Based on this research, the genotypes observed are good for use as parents in plant breeding.

The Effect of The Biochar Application of Oil Palm Shells and Municipal Waste Compost on Soil Water Content of Coal Mine Reclamation and Soybean Yield

Wiskandar Jakhtar, Tika Octaviani, Endriani — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Characteristics of the most prominent former coal mining land are severe damaged land, causing decreased soil productivity, erosion and sedimentation, soil movement and resulting in land slides, and soil compaction so that it is difficult to process. Efforts to improve the physical properties of coal mining reclamation soils, namely by adding biochar and compost. Biochar and compost can improve the physical properties of the soil by increasing the content of organic matter, total pore space, water content and reducing the weight of soil volume. This study uses a complete random design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment used in this study is B0 without treatment (control); B1 15 tons/ha biochar oil palm shells; B2 10 tons/ha biochar oil palm shells and 5 tons/ha of city waste compost; B3 7.5 tons/ha biochar oil palm shells and 7.5 tons/ha of city waste compost; B4 5 tons/ha Biochar palm oil shell and 10 tons/ha of city waste compost; B5 15 tons/ha of city waste compost. The observed variables are the content of organic matter, the weight of soil volume, total pore space, soil water content in several PF values, plant height, plant yields and the number of plant pods. The results obtained that the treatment combination of 7.5 tons/ha of biochar oil palm shells 7.5 tons/ha of city waste compost is the best composition to improve the groundwater content of coal mining reclamation. Furthermore, the provision of 15 tons/ha of city waste compost has effectively improved soybean yield.

Keywords : biochar, compost, some physical properties, coal, soybeans

Growth and Yield of Pak Choi (Brassica rapa Subsp. Chinensis) in Responses to Leucaena Leaf-based Liquid Organic Fertilizer

Dewi Anjasmoro Wati, Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi, Entang Inoriah — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The uses of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) have been increasingly practiced in organic vegetable to increase the effectiveness of solid organic fertilizer application. Farmers can produce LOF by using locally available green biomass in the surrounding production areas, including leaves of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de Wit. This experiment aimed to determine the best concentration of Leucaena leaf-based LOF on growth and yield of Pak Choi (Brassica rapa Subsp. Chinensis). An experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Design with seven replicates. Treatments are several concentrations of Leucaena leaf-based LOF, 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. Although, the concentration of 50% was likely able to increase shoot length, leaf area and leaf greenness of Pak Choi, but the effects of Leucaena leaf-based LOF on leaf numbers, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight of Pak Choi were insignificant. Consistency effects of Leucaena leaf-based LOF in the production of Pak Choi should be re-evaluated

Agronomic Characteristics and Harvest Time as Determinants of Starch Production in Smallholder Sago Palm Plantations

Iman Suswanto, Maherawati Maherawati, Sunarti Sunarti — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Smallholder sago plantations generally use simple technology, resulting in the determination of harvest time based solely on the physical appearance of plants. This study aims to identify the agronomic characteristics of sago that influence starch yield. The research was conducted on smallholder sago plantations, and samples of sago plants were collected at four harvest phases based on local customs: Dewasa, Jantung, Rusa, and Bunga. Observations on agronomic characteristics included the number of suckers, plant height, pith diameter, number of leaves, number of leaf scars, number of leaflets, leaflet length, and leaflet width. ANOVA and multiple comparisons were utilized to identify differences between treatments in starch yield. Regression analysis was employed to establish the relationship between starch yield and agronomic characteristics, while path analysis determined the direct/indirect effects of agronomic characteristics on starch yield. The results indicated that the optimal harvest time is during the Jantung and Rusa phases. The agronomic components that significantly influence sago starch yield are pith diameter and leaf scars. According to the coefficient of determination value, the production model can be expressed as Y = -63.26 + 2.44x1 (R2=37%). To enhance starch yield, it is crucial to improve plant spacing. When the plant spacing is too close, with a population density exceeding 200 clumps/ha, overlapping leaves occur, negatively impacting sago starch formation. This negative effect intensifies with an increase in the number of leaves and the size of leaflets in terms of length and width.

Keywords: sago plantations, agronomic characteristics, harvest time determination, starch yield, smallholder agriculture

Equal Substitution of Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizer with Azolla Compost on Growth, Yield, and Nitrate Content of Green Onion in Ultisols

Chiristiana, Marwanto, Marlin, Merakati Handajaningsih, Septiana Anggraini — Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The impact of Azolla compost (AC) substitution for synthetic N fertilizer (NF) on nitrate leaf content and agronomic performances of green onion in Ultisols have not been well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effects of equal replacing NF with AC on growth, yield, and nitrate accumulation in the green onion leaf. The polybag trial was performed in June 2020 on the crop research farm of the Agriculture Faculty in a completely randomized design with six treatments in five replications. Green onion was subjected to five 92 kg ha⁻¹ N equal combinations of NF and AC, i.e., NF₁₀₀(100% NF+0% AC), NF₇₅ +AC₂₅ (75% NF+25% AC), NF₅₀ +AC₅₀ (50% NF+50% AC), NF₂₅ +AC₇₅ (25% NF+75% AC), and NF₀ +AC₁₀₀ (0% NF+100 % AC) and no NF and AC as a control. Results demonstrated that NF+AC treatments significantly improved plant height, leaf number, tiller number, stem diameter, and plant fresh weight. Treatment of NF₂₅+AC₇₅ resulted in similar responses to the recommended dose of N fertilizer, as evidenced by plant height, number of green leaves, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, tiller numbers per hill, stem diameter, shoot fresh weight, and plant fresh weight. Lower leaf nitrate contents occurred under increased substitution of NF with AC. Thus, partial substitution of NF with AC could be a sustainable option for improving growth and yield while reducing nitrate accumulation in the leaf of green onion in Ultisols.

Keywords: azolla compost substitution, integrated nutrient management, synthetic fertilizer reduction, green onion agronomic performance, Ultisols

Keywords: azolla compost, green onion, integrated nutrient management, chemical fertilizer reduction, Ultisols

Production of Some Shallots Varieties at Different Plant Spacing

Sun, 31 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The demand for shallots continues to rise annually, yet production fails to meet the growing need. Enhancing production through strategic plant spacing and the utilization of diverse shallot varieties is imperative. This research aims to determine the optimal plant spacing for shallots and evaluate the performance of different shallot varieties under varying planting distances. A factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors was employed, investigating three shallot types (Bima Brebes, Maja Cipanas, and Tajuk) and testing three planting distances (15 cm x 15 cm, 20 cm x 20 cm, and 25 cm x 25 cm). Each treatment was replicated four times, and data were collected on various parameters including leaf length, leaf diameter, number of leaves, bulb length, bulb diameter, number of tillers, bulb fresh weight, bulb dry weight, bulb weight per cluster, and bulb dry weight per cluster. Results indicate that Bima Brebes and Maja Cipanas types demonstrated the highest bulb dry weight per cluster, with 32.69 grams and 31.71 grams, respectively. The optimal plant spacing identified is 20 cm x 20 cm, promoting increased leaf and bulb diameter, as well as enhanced bulb dry weight per cluster.

Keywords: plant spacing, shallot, variety testing, yield,