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[CHANGE IN SOIL CHARATERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE OF UPLAND RICE VARIETIES IN COASTAL AREA AS AMENDED WITH BIOFERTILIZER AND BIOCOMPOST]. Dryland in the coastal area has good potential for the cultivation of upland rice to reach food self-sufficiency and the development of future agriculture. Low fertility of the land the area can be overcome by using appropriate technology such as the use of superior varieties, bio-fertilizers, and bio compost. This study aimeds to (1) determine chemical and biological properties of coastal land to improve the growth of upland rice (2) find out the growth of upland rice in the coastal area using low input technology and (3) obtain upland rice varieties with high adaptability to a coastal area environment. The experimental design used was a split-plot design with the main plot of 3 upland rice varieties, namely Inpago 10, Serantan, and Local Variety, while the subplots are were fertilizer inputs namely [double inoculant P solubilized microbial p (pf) + K solubilized microbially + N fixation microbial N], [double inoculant P solubilized microbial (fma) + K solubilized microbially + N fixation micarobia], [biocompost at a dose of 10 tons/ha], and [inorganic fertilizer recommended by BPTP ie 200 kg Urea/ha, 100 kg SP36/ha, 100 kg KCl/ha]. The results showed that the coastal area has the potential for the development of upland rice cultivation. Also, the double inoculants of biological fertilizers were able to increase plant nutrient uptake, soil biological characteristics, and the growth of upland rice as compared to controls. Specifically, the best treatment is produced by application of [double inoculant microbial solvent p (pf) + microbial solvent K + microbial N fixation] combined with upland rice Inpago variety 10.
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Referensi
- Abdurachman A, Dariah, A., Mulyani, A. (2008). Strategi dan teknologi pengelolaan lahan kering mendukung pengadaan pangan nasional. J Litbang Pert., 27(2), 43-49
- Ashraf, M & Harris, P.J.C. (2004). Potential biochemical indicators of salinity tolerance in plants. Plant Science, 166(1), 3-16.
- Astuti.Y.W, Widodo, L.U. & Budisantosa, I. (2013). Pengaruh bakteri pelarut fosfat dan bakteri penambat nitrogen terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat pada tanah masam. Biosfera A Scientific Journal. 30(3), 134-142.
- Aquilanti, L, Favilli, F., Clementi, F. (2004). Comparison of different strategies for isolation and preliminary identification of Azotobacter from soil samples. Soil Biol. Biochem. 36(9), 1475-1483.
- Bais, H.P., Weir, T.L., Perry, L.G., Gilroy, S. & Vivanco, J.M. (2006). The Role of root exudates in Rhizosphere interactions with plants and other organisms. Annu Rev Plant Biol., 57, 233–266.
- Basak, B.B. & Biswas, D.R. (2005). Influence of potassium solubilizing microorganism (Bacillus mucilaginosus) and waste mica on potassium uptake dynamics by Sudan grass (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) grown under two Alfisols. Plant Soil, 3(17), 235-255.
- Bertham.Y.H. 2002. Respon tanaman kedelai (Glycine max (L) Merill ) terhadap pemupukan fosfor dan kompos jerami pada tanah Ultisol. J Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 4(2), 78-83.
- Bertham Y.H., Handajaningsih, M. & Ganefianti, D.W. (2013). Uji Coba Budidaya Cabai Organik di Lahan Pesisir Bengkulu. Prosiding Semirata Bidang Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian UNTAN dan BKS PTN Wilayah Barat, 12, 99-106.
- Bertham Y.H, Nusantara, A.D., Pujiwati, H. & Andani, A. (2016-2018). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kawasan Pesisir Lautan Berbasis Budidaya Kedelai Hayati dan Organik. Penelitian Hibah Kompetensi 3 tahun. Universitas Bengkulu, Bengkulu.
- Bertin, C., Yang, X. & Weston, L.A. (2003). The Role of root exudates and allelochemicals In the rhizosphere. Plant Soil, 256(1), 67–83.
- Budiharsono, S. (2001). Teknik Analisis Pembangunan Wilayah Pesisir dan Lautan. Pradnya Paramita, Jakarta.
- Chiu, H., Peters, J.W., Lanzilotta, W.N., Ryle, M.J., Seefeldt, L.C., Howard, J.B. & Rees, D.S. (2001). MgATP-bound and nucleotide-free-structure of a nitrogenase protein complex between the leu 127 delta-Fe-protein and the MoFe-protein. Biochemistry, 40(3), 641-650.
- Don, N, T. & Diep, N. (2014). Isolation, characterization and identification of phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria from weathered materials of granite rock mountain, That Son, an Giang province, Vietnam. Americ J Life Sci., 2(5), 282-291. DOI: https://10.11648/j.ajls.20140205.16.
- Doornbos, R.F., van Loon, L.C. & Bakker, P.A.H.M. (2012). Impact of root exudates and plant defense signaling on bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. A review. Agron. Sustain. Dev., 32, 227–243.
- Gorham, J. (2007). Sodium. In Barker, A.V & Pilbeam, D.J. (eds). Handbook of plant Nutrition. Taylor & Francis. p. 569-575
- Herison, C., Turmudi, E., Handayaningsih, M. & Dewi, K.H. (2015). Peningkatan adaptibilitas Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta L.) pada lahan pesisir dengan penambahan pupuk amonium sulfat (ZA) dan mulsa organik. Akta Agrosia, 18(2), 39-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31186/aa.18.2.40-46.
- Hu X., Chen, J. & Guo, J. (2006). Two phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria isolated from Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang, China. World J Microbiol Biotechnol.. 22(9), 983-990.
- Jones, R., Sun, W., Tang, C.S., Robert, F.M. (2004). Phytoremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in tropical coastal soils. II. Microbial response to plant roots and contaminant. Environ Sci Pollut Research, 11, 340-346.
- Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. (2017). Statistik Pertanian. Jakarta Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia, Jakarta.
- Keneni, A., Assefa, F. & Prabu, P. C. (2010). Isolation of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of Faba Bean of Ethiopia and their abilities on solubilizing insoluble phosphates. J. Agr. Sci. Tech., 12(1), 79- 89.
- Nurhidayati. T, K.I Purwani, D. Ermavitalini. (2010). Isolasi mikoriza vesikular arbuskular pada lahan kering di Jawa Timur. Berkala Penelitian Hayati. (4), 43-46.
- Nurmegawati & Wibawa, W. (2012). Adaptasi Varietas Unggul Baru pada Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut di Provinsi Bengkulu. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Bengkulu, Bengkulu.
- Nusantara, A.D., Bertham, Y.H. & Murcitro, B.G. (2018). 2018. Uji Tumbuh Edamame Dengan Memanfaatkan Potensi Pupuk Hayati dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Produktivitas Edamame di Kawasan Pesisir. Penelitian Unggulan Universitas. Universitas Bengkulu.
- Oktaviani, Hasanah & Barus. (2014). Pertumbuhan kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) dengan aplikasi fungi mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) dan konsorsium mikroba. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi. 2(2), 905–918.
- Purwaningsih, S. (2003). Isolasi, populasi dan karakterisasi bakteri pelarut fosfat pada tanah dari Taman Nasional Bogani Nani Wartabone, Sulawesi Utara. J. Biologi, 3(1), 22-31.
- Simamora, R.M., Yulian & Turmudi, E. (2018). Penampilan 10 aksesi talas (Colocasio esculenta (L). Schott) di lahan pesisir Bengkulu. J. Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 20(1), 19-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.20.1.19-25.
- Singh G, D., Biswas, R. & Marwaha, T.S. (2010). Mobilization of potassium from waste mica by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and its assimilation by maize (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L). J Plant Nutr., 33(8), 1236-1251. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/ 01904161003765760.
- Sudaryono. (2001). Pengaruh pemberian bahan pengkondisi tanah terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia tanah pada lahan marginal berpasir. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan, 2(1), 106–112.
- Syam’un, E. Kaimuddin & Dachlan, A. (2012). Pertumbuhan vegetatif dan serapan tanaman N yang diaplikasi pupuk N anorganik dan mikroba penambat N non-simbiotik. J. Agrivigor, 11(2), 251-261.
- Zuhry, E. & Puspita, F. (2008). Pemberian cendawan mikoriza arbuskular (CMA) pada tanah podsolik merah kuning terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai (Glycine max (L) Merill. J. Sagu, 7(2), 25-29.
Referensi
Abdurachman A, Dariah, A., Mulyani, A. (2008). Strategi dan teknologi pengelolaan lahan kering mendukung pengadaan pangan nasional. J Litbang Pert., 27(2), 43-49
Ashraf, M & Harris, P.J.C. (2004). Potential biochemical indicators of salinity tolerance in plants. Plant Science, 166(1), 3-16.
Astuti.Y.W, Widodo, L.U. & Budisantosa, I. (2013). Pengaruh bakteri pelarut fosfat dan bakteri penambat nitrogen terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman tomat pada tanah masam. Biosfera A Scientific Journal. 30(3), 134-142.
Aquilanti, L, Favilli, F., Clementi, F. (2004). Comparison of different strategies for isolation and preliminary identification of Azotobacter from soil samples. Soil Biol. Biochem. 36(9), 1475-1483.
Bais, H.P., Weir, T.L., Perry, L.G., Gilroy, S. & Vivanco, J.M. (2006). The Role of root exudates in Rhizosphere interactions with plants and other organisms. Annu Rev Plant Biol., 57, 233–266.
Basak, B.B. & Biswas, D.R. (2005). Influence of potassium solubilizing microorganism (Bacillus mucilaginosus) and waste mica on potassium uptake dynamics by Sudan grass (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) grown under two Alfisols. Plant Soil, 3(17), 235-255.
Bertham.Y.H. 2002. Respon tanaman kedelai (Glycine max (L) Merill ) terhadap pemupukan fosfor dan kompos jerami pada tanah Ultisol. J Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 4(2), 78-83.
Bertham Y.H., Handajaningsih, M. & Ganefianti, D.W. (2013). Uji Coba Budidaya Cabai Organik di Lahan Pesisir Bengkulu. Prosiding Semirata Bidang Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian UNTAN dan BKS PTN Wilayah Barat, 12, 99-106.
Bertham Y.H, Nusantara, A.D., Pujiwati, H. & Andani, A. (2016-2018). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kawasan Pesisir Lautan Berbasis Budidaya Kedelai Hayati dan Organik. Penelitian Hibah Kompetensi 3 tahun. Universitas Bengkulu, Bengkulu.
Bertin, C., Yang, X. & Weston, L.A. (2003). The Role of root exudates and allelochemicals In the rhizosphere. Plant Soil, 256(1), 67–83.
Budiharsono, S. (2001). Teknik Analisis Pembangunan Wilayah Pesisir dan Lautan. Pradnya Paramita, Jakarta.
Chiu, H., Peters, J.W., Lanzilotta, W.N., Ryle, M.J., Seefeldt, L.C., Howard, J.B. & Rees, D.S. (2001). MgATP-bound and nucleotide-free-structure of a nitrogenase protein complex between the leu 127 delta-Fe-protein and the MoFe-protein. Biochemistry, 40(3), 641-650.
Don, N, T. & Diep, N. (2014). Isolation, characterization and identification of phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria from weathered materials of granite rock mountain, That Son, an Giang province, Vietnam. Americ J Life Sci., 2(5), 282-291. DOI: https://10.11648/j.ajls.20140205.16.
Doornbos, R.F., van Loon, L.C. & Bakker, P.A.H.M. (2012). Impact of root exudates and plant defense signaling on bacterial communities in the rhizosphere. A review. Agron. Sustain. Dev., 32, 227–243.
Gorham, J. (2007). Sodium. In Barker, A.V & Pilbeam, D.J. (eds). Handbook of plant Nutrition. Taylor & Francis. p. 569-575
Herison, C., Turmudi, E., Handayaningsih, M. & Dewi, K.H. (2015). Peningkatan adaptibilitas Gembili (Dioscorea esculenta L.) pada lahan pesisir dengan penambahan pupuk amonium sulfat (ZA) dan mulsa organik. Akta Agrosia, 18(2), 39-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31186/aa.18.2.40-46.
Hu X., Chen, J. & Guo, J. (2006). Two phosphate and potassium solubilizing bacteria isolated from Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang, China. World J Microbiol Biotechnol.. 22(9), 983-990.
Jones, R., Sun, W., Tang, C.S., Robert, F.M. (2004). Phytoremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in tropical coastal soils. II. Microbial response to plant roots and contaminant. Environ Sci Pollut Research, 11, 340-346.
Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia. (2017). Statistik Pertanian. Jakarta Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia, Jakarta.
Keneni, A., Assefa, F. & Prabu, P. C. (2010). Isolation of phosphate solubilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere of Faba Bean of Ethiopia and their abilities on solubilizing insoluble phosphates. J. Agr. Sci. Tech., 12(1), 79- 89.
Nurhidayati. T, K.I Purwani, D. Ermavitalini. (2010). Isolasi mikoriza vesikular arbuskular pada lahan kering di Jawa Timur. Berkala Penelitian Hayati. (4), 43-46.
Nurmegawati & Wibawa, W. (2012). Adaptasi Varietas Unggul Baru pada Lahan Rawa Pasang Surut di Provinsi Bengkulu. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Bengkulu, Bengkulu.
Nusantara, A.D., Bertham, Y.H. & Murcitro, B.G. (2018). 2018. Uji Tumbuh Edamame Dengan Memanfaatkan Potensi Pupuk Hayati dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Produktivitas Edamame di Kawasan Pesisir. Penelitian Unggulan Universitas. Universitas Bengkulu.
Oktaviani, Hasanah & Barus. (2014). Pertumbuhan kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) dengan aplikasi fungi mikoriza arbuskular (FMA) dan konsorsium mikroba. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi. 2(2), 905–918.
Purwaningsih, S. (2003). Isolasi, populasi dan karakterisasi bakteri pelarut fosfat pada tanah dari Taman Nasional Bogani Nani Wartabone, Sulawesi Utara. J. Biologi, 3(1), 22-31.
Simamora, R.M., Yulian & Turmudi, E. (2018). Penampilan 10 aksesi talas (Colocasio esculenta (L). Schott) di lahan pesisir Bengkulu. J. Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 20(1), 19-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.20.1.19-25.
Singh G, D., Biswas, R. & Marwaha, T.S. (2010). Mobilization of potassium from waste mica by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and its assimilation by maize (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L). J Plant Nutr., 33(8), 1236-1251. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/ 01904161003765760.
Sudaryono. (2001). Pengaruh pemberian bahan pengkondisi tanah terhadap sifat fisik dan kimia tanah pada lahan marginal berpasir. Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan, 2(1), 106–112.
Syam’un, E. Kaimuddin & Dachlan, A. (2012). Pertumbuhan vegetatif dan serapan tanaman N yang diaplikasi pupuk N anorganik dan mikroba penambat N non-simbiotik. J. Agrivigor, 11(2), 251-261.
Zuhry, E. & Puspita, F. (2008). Pemberian cendawan mikoriza arbuskular (CMA) pada tanah podsolik merah kuning terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai (Glycine max (L) Merill. J. Sagu, 7(2), 25-29.