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Abstract
[PENGUJIAN KESEHATAN BENIH PADI YANG BEREDAR DI BENGKULU DENGAN METODE SEEDLING SYMPTOM TEST]. Pertumbuhan dan hasil panen padi di lapangan sangat ditentukan oleh kesehatan benih padi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kesehatan benih padi yang beredar di Bengkulu dengan metode seedling symptom test. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan 6 varietas padi (Gorendra, Raja Lele, Inpari 6, Inpari 30, Sintanur dan Mekongga) dan diulang 5 kali. Benih padi diambil dari Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Dinas Pertanian, Propinsi Bengkulu dan Balai Pengawasan dan Sertifikasi Benih Propinsi Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan adalah seedling symptom test dengan menumbuhkan benih padi pada media pasir steril selama 30 hari. Varietas Sintanur menunjukkan masa inkubasi terlama namun varietas Gorendra menunjukkan persentase serangan dan intensitas serangan Curvularia sp terendah. Varietas Gorendra juga menunjukkan jumlah daun, berat brangkasan basah, dan panjang akar yang paling baik, sementara tinggi tanaman dan waktu kemunculan bibit menunjukkan hasil yang sama dari ke-6 varietas padi. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa varietas Gorendra adalah benih padi yang paling sehat dan memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan bibit yang paling baik.
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References
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- Balai Besar Pengembangan Mutu Benih Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura. (2004). Pengujian Mutu Benih Tanaman Pangan dan
- Hortikultura. Direktorat Jenderal Bina Produksi Tanaman Pangan, Depok.
- BPS. (2021). Luas panen padi pada tahun 2020 mengalami penurunan dibandingkan tahun 2019 sebesar 0,19 persen dan produksi padi pada tahun 2020 mengalami kenaikan dibandingkan tahun 2019 sebesar 0,08 persen. https://www.bps.go.id. 1 Maret 2021. Diakses 7 April 2021.
- Gebeyehu, S., Joseph Kangile & Emmanuel Mwakatobe.(2019). Assessment of seed quality along the rice seed value chain in Tanzania. Development in Practice, 29(7), 854-866.
- Gopalakrishnan, C., Kamalakannan, A. & Valluvaparidasan, V. (2010). Survey of seedBorne fungi associated with rice seeds in Tamil Nadu, India. Libyan Agriculture Research Center Journal International, 1(5),
- -309.
- Guenhaa, R., Brasilino das Virtudes Salvadora, Joseph Rickman, Luis F.Goulaoc, Ivone Martins Muochaa & Maria Otilia Carvalhoc. (2014). Hermetic storage with plastic sealing to reduce insect infestation and secure paddy seed quality: A powerful strategy for rice farmers
- in Mozambique. Journal of Stored Products Research, 59, 275-281.
- Haque, A.H.M.M., Elazegui, F.A., Mia, M.A.T., Kamal, M.M. & Haque, M.M. (2012). Increase in rice yield through the use of quality seeds in Bangladesh. Afr.J.Agric.Res., 7(26), 3819-3827.
- Ilyas, S. (2012). Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih: Teori dan Hasil-hasil Penelitian. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
- International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). (2002). Standard Evaluation System for Rice. Philippines: International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines.
- International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). (2006). International Rules for Seed Testing. Bassedorf, Switzerland.
- Jo, Y., Jaemin Cho, Tsung-Chan Tsai, David Staack, Mi-Hyung Kang, Jae-Hwan Roh, Dong-Bum Shin, William Cromwell & Dennis Gross. (2014). A non-thermal plasma seed treatment method for management of a seedborne Fungal pathogen on rice seed. Seed Physiology, Production & Technology, 54(2), 796-803.
- Kanlayakrit, W. & Maweang, M. (2013). Postharvest of paddy and milled rice affected physicochemical properties using different storage conditions. International Food Research Journal, 20(3), 1359-1366.
- Kolo, E. & Tefa, A. (2016). Pengaruh kondisi Simpan terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill). Savana Cendana, 1(3), 112-115.
- Mohana, D. Ch., Praveen Prasad, Veena Vijaykumar & Koteshwara Anandarao Raveesha. (2011). Plant extract effect on seed-borne pathogenic fungi from seeds of paddy grown in Southern India. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 51(2),101-106.
- Rahayu, M. (2016). Patologi dan teknis pengujian kesehatan benih tanaman aneka kacang. Buletin Palawija, 14(2), 78-88. DOI:10.21082/bulpa.v14n2.2016.p78-88.
- Rehman, Fazal Nur, Muhammad Adnan, Maria Kalsoom, Nageen Naz, Muhammad Ghayoor Husnain, Haroon Ilahi, Muhammad Asif Ilyas,
- Gulfam Yousaf, Rohoma Tahir, & Usama Ahmad. (2021). Seed-borne fungal diseases of maize (Zea mays L.): A Review. Agrinula :
- Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Perkebunan, 4(1), 43-60.
- Samuel, S. & S.M. Muthukkaruppan. (2011). Physico-Chemical Analysis of Sugar Mill Effluent, Contaminated Soil and its Effect on
- Seed Germination of Paddy (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archives, 2(5),1469-1472.
- Situmeang, M., Purwantoro, A. & Sulandari, S. (2014). Pengaruh pemanasan terhadap perkecambahan dan kesehatan benih kedelai
- (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Vegetalika, 3(3), 27-37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.5156.
- Sutopo L. (2004). Teknologi Benih. PT Rajawali Press, Jakarta. 161 hlm.
- Pamekas, T., Supanjani & Lumbantungkup, D.M. (2021). Identifikasi cendawan patogen terbawa benih padi di Propinsi Bengkulu. Prosiding
- Seminar Nasional Fakultas Pertanian UNS.Solo, 28 April 2021.
- Zakaria, L., Amira Suriaty Yaakop, Baharuddin Salleh & Maziah Zakaria. 2010. Endophytic fungi from paddy. Trop Life Sci Res., 21(1),
- –107.
References
Agarwal, V.K & Sinclair, J.B. (1996). Principles of Seed Pathology. Lewis Publishers, New York.
Balai Besar Pengembangan Mutu Benih Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura. (2004). Pengujian Mutu Benih Tanaman Pangan dan
Hortikultura. Direktorat Jenderal Bina Produksi Tanaman Pangan, Depok.
BPS. (2021). Luas panen padi pada tahun 2020 mengalami penurunan dibandingkan tahun 2019 sebesar 0,19 persen dan produksi padi pada tahun 2020 mengalami kenaikan dibandingkan tahun 2019 sebesar 0,08 persen. https://www.bps.go.id. 1 Maret 2021. Diakses 7 April 2021.
Gebeyehu, S., Joseph Kangile & Emmanuel Mwakatobe.(2019). Assessment of seed quality along the rice seed value chain in Tanzania. Development in Practice, 29(7), 854-866.
Gopalakrishnan, C., Kamalakannan, A. & Valluvaparidasan, V. (2010). Survey of seedBorne fungi associated with rice seeds in Tamil Nadu, India. Libyan Agriculture Research Center Journal International, 1(5),
-309.
Guenhaa, R., Brasilino das Virtudes Salvadora, Joseph Rickman, Luis F.Goulaoc, Ivone Martins Muochaa & Maria Otilia Carvalhoc. (2014). Hermetic storage with plastic sealing to reduce insect infestation and secure paddy seed quality: A powerful strategy for rice farmers
in Mozambique. Journal of Stored Products Research, 59, 275-281.
Haque, A.H.M.M., Elazegui, F.A., Mia, M.A.T., Kamal, M.M. & Haque, M.M. (2012). Increase in rice yield through the use of quality seeds in Bangladesh. Afr.J.Agric.Res., 7(26), 3819-3827.
Ilyas, S. (2012). Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih: Teori dan Hasil-hasil Penelitian. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). (2002). Standard Evaluation System for Rice. Philippines: International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines.
International Seed Testing Association (ISTA). (2006). International Rules for Seed Testing. Bassedorf, Switzerland.
Jo, Y., Jaemin Cho, Tsung-Chan Tsai, David Staack, Mi-Hyung Kang, Jae-Hwan Roh, Dong-Bum Shin, William Cromwell & Dennis Gross. (2014). A non-thermal plasma seed treatment method for management of a seedborne Fungal pathogen on rice seed. Seed Physiology, Production & Technology, 54(2), 796-803.
Kanlayakrit, W. & Maweang, M. (2013). Postharvest of paddy and milled rice affected physicochemical properties using different storage conditions. International Food Research Journal, 20(3), 1359-1366.
Kolo, E. & Tefa, A. (2016). Pengaruh kondisi Simpan terhadap viabilitas dan vigor benih tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill). Savana Cendana, 1(3), 112-115.
Mohana, D. Ch., Praveen Prasad, Veena Vijaykumar & Koteshwara Anandarao Raveesha. (2011). Plant extract effect on seed-borne pathogenic fungi from seeds of paddy grown in Southern India. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 51(2),101-106.
Rahayu, M. (2016). Patologi dan teknis pengujian kesehatan benih tanaman aneka kacang. Buletin Palawija, 14(2), 78-88. DOI:10.21082/bulpa.v14n2.2016.p78-88.
Rehman, Fazal Nur, Muhammad Adnan, Maria Kalsoom, Nageen Naz, Muhammad Ghayoor Husnain, Haroon Ilahi, Muhammad Asif Ilyas,
Gulfam Yousaf, Rohoma Tahir, & Usama Ahmad. (2021). Seed-borne fungal diseases of maize (Zea mays L.): A Review. Agrinula :
Jurnal Agroteknologi dan Perkebunan, 4(1), 43-60.
Samuel, S. & S.M. Muthukkaruppan. (2011). Physico-Chemical Analysis of Sugar Mill Effluent, Contaminated Soil and its Effect on
Seed Germination of Paddy (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archives, 2(5),1469-1472.
Situmeang, M., Purwantoro, A. & Sulandari, S. (2014). Pengaruh pemanasan terhadap perkecambahan dan kesehatan benih kedelai
(Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Vegetalika, 3(3), 27-37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.5156.
Sutopo L. (2004). Teknologi Benih. PT Rajawali Press, Jakarta. 161 hlm.
Pamekas, T., Supanjani & Lumbantungkup, D.M. (2021). Identifikasi cendawan patogen terbawa benih padi di Propinsi Bengkulu. Prosiding
Seminar Nasional Fakultas Pertanian UNS.Solo, 28 April 2021.
Zakaria, L., Amira Suriaty Yaakop, Baharuddin Salleh & Maziah Zakaria. 2010. Endophytic fungi from paddy. Trop Life Sci Res., 21(1),
–107.