Main Article Content
Abstract
[TERMITE DIVERSITY IN TEAK IN TULUNGAGUNG AND WONOGIRI REGENCIES]. Termites are insects that have a very high potential for damage to various stands such as teak. This study aimed to identify the diversity of termite species in teak stands in Tulungagung and Wonogiri regencies. Sampling using the transect method with a transect area of 10 m x 60 m and feeding with pine wood placed in five sub-districts in Tulungagung Regency (Kalidawir, Pucanglaban, Tanggunggunung, Campur Darat, and Ngunut) and five sub-districts in Wonogiri (Jatiroto, Jatisrono, Sidoharjo, Slogohimo, and Purwantoro). The results showed that at least four termite species were found, Macrotermes gilvus, Odontotermes sp., Microtermes insperatus, and Nasutitermes havilandi. Termite diversity in Wonogiri was classified as medium with the highest H’ value (1.08), while termite diversity in Tulungagung was low with the lowest H’ (0.59). The dominance value of termite species in both districts was classified as medium and the evenness value in all observation locations showed an average high evenness index value. The results of the non-metric multidimensional scalling analysis showed that Jatiroto Subdistrict and Ngunut Subdistrict have a high level of species similarity (0.90).
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References
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- Ahmad, M. (1958). Key to the Indomalayan Termites. University of Panjab, Pakistan.
- Arinana, A., Ardiansyah, F., Andika, R., Tarmadi, D. & Satimo. (2025). Identification of subterranean termites and their attack characteristics on settlements in Jakarta Province, Indonesia. Biodiversity. 26(1), 22-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d260103.
- Asdak, C. 2010. Hidrologi dan Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai. Gadjah Mada University Press., Yogyakarta.
- Bismark, M. 2011. Prosedur Operasi Standar (SOP) Untuk Survey Keragaman Jenis pada Kawasan Konservasi. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perubahan Iklim dan Kebijakan Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan, Kementerian Kehutanan, Bogor.
- [BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2021. Produksi Perusahaan Pembudidaya Tanaman Kehutanan Menurut Jenis Produksi 2019-2021. [diakses 14 Juni 2023]. https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/60/ 1851/1/produksi-perusahaan-pembudidaya-tanaman-kehutanan-menurut-jenis-produksi. html.
- Decaens, T., Galvis, J.H., Amezqueta, E. (2001). Properties of the structure created by ecosystem engginers on the soil surface of a Colombian savanna. Natures Plow, 11, 151-175.
- Fajar, A., Himmi, S.K., Latif, A., Tarmadi, D., Kartika, T., Guswenrivo, I., Yusuf, S. & Yoshimura, T. (2021). Termite assemblage and damage on tree trunks in fast-growing teak plantations of different age: A Case Study in West Java, Indonesia. Insect. 12(4), 295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12040295.
- Faszly, R., Idris, A.B. & Sajap, A.S. (2005). Termites (Insecta: Isoptera) assemblages from Sungai Bebar peat swamp forest, Pahang. Biodeversity Expedition, 4, 137-140.
- Gowda, D.K.S., Venkatesha, M.G. & Bhat, P.K. (1995). Preliminary observations on the incidence of termites on coffee and its shade tress. Journal of Coffee Research. 25(1), 30-34.
- Hariri, A.M., Susilo, F.X. & Sudarsono, H. (2003). Populasi rayap pada pertanaman lada di Way Kanan Lampung. Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika. 3(2), 29-35.
- Hilwan, I., Mulyana, D. & Pananjung, W.G. (2012). Keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan bawah pada tegakan sengon buto (Enterolobium cylocarpum Griseb.) dan trembesi (Samanea saman Merr.) di lahan pasca tambang batubara PT Kitadin, Embalut, Kutai, Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika. 4(1), 6-10.
- Helmiyetti, Manaf, S. & Erleza, N. (2011). Penyebaran dan intensitas serangan rayap di perkebunan karet Desa Pagar Banyu Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Konservasi Hayati. 7(2), 9-11.
- Jones, D.T. 2000. Termite assemblages in two distinct montane forest types at 1000 m elevation in the Maliau Basin, Sabah. Journal Tropical Ecology. 16, 271-286.
- Jones, D.T., Verker, R.H.J.& Eggleton, P. (2005). Methods for sampling termites. In: S.R. Leather (Ed.), Insect Sampling in Forest Ecosystems. 221-253. Blackwell Science Ltd., Victoria, Australia.
- Kalshoven. (1981). The Pests of Crops in Indonesia. Diterjemahkan oleh Laan PA van der.PT Ichtiar Baru, Jakarta.
- Magurran, A.E. (2004). Measuring Biologycal Diversity. Blackwell Publishing, New Jersey (US).
- Mawazin, Subiakto, A. (2013). Keanekaragaman dan komposisi jenis permudaan alam hutan rawa gambut bekas tebangan di Riau. Indonesia Forest Rehabilitation Journal. 1(1), 59-73.
- Mokodompit, A., Ngangi, J. & Moko, E.M. (2020). Karakterisasi enzim selulase isolat bakteri pada saluran pencernaan rayap (Odontotermes javanicus). Jurnal Nukleus Biosains. 1(2), 47-54.
- Mubin, N., Harahap, I.S. & Giyanto. (2019). Diversity of subterranean termites (Blattodea: Termitoidea) on various types habitat around IPB University Campus, Bogor, Indonesia. Jurnal HPT Tropika. 19(2), 158-169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.219158-169.
- Mulyadi, Hayat, E.S. & Andayani, S. (2022). Effect of compost and Trichoderma on onion growth and yield. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian. 3(3), 5551-5560. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47492/jip.v3i3.1886.
- Naidu, V.S.G.R. (2012). Hand book on Weed Identification Directorate of Weed Science Research. Directorate of Weed Science Research, Jabalpur.
- Nandika, D., Rismayadi, Y. & Diba, F. (2015). Rayap: Biologi dan Pengendaliannya. Mubin N, Editor. Muhammadiyah University Press.,Surakarta.
- Novita, N., Amiruddin, H., Ibrahim, H., Jamil, T.M., Syaukani, S., Oguri, E. & Eguchi, K. (2020). Investigation of termite attack on cultural heritage buildings: A case study in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Insect. 11-385. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060385.
- Odum, E.P. (1993). Dasar-Dasar Ekologi. Gadjah Mada Press., Yogyakarta.
- Pratiwi, T., Karmanah & Gusmarianti, R. (2012). Inventarisasi hama dan penyakit tanaman jati unggul nusantara di Kebun Percobaan Cogrek Bogor. Jurnal Sains Natural Universitas Nusa Bangsa. 2(1), 123-133.
- Purwanta, S., Sumantoro, P., Setyaningrum, H.D., Saparinto, C. (2015). Budi Daya & Bisnis Kayu Jati. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.
- Puspitasari, M., Susilawati & Mubin, N. (2021). Rayap pada tanaman perkebunan serta teknik pengelolaannya. Perspektif: Rev. Pen. Tan. Industri, 20(2), 121-132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21082/psp.v20n2.2021.121-132 .
- Rafli, M.A., Madusari, S. & Soesatrijo, J. (2020). Komparasi efektivitas metode pengendalian rayap Macrotermes gilvus di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Jurnal Agrosains dan Teknologi. 5(2), 77-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/jat.5.2.77-86
- Sirait, M., Rahmatia, F. & Pattulloh. (2018). Komparasi indeks keanekaragaman dan indeks dominansi fitoplankton di Sungai Ciliwung Jakarta. Jurnal Kelautan, 11(1), 75-79.
- Subekti, N. & Milanio, R.R. (2021). Termite diversity and abundance based on altitude in Mount Ungaran, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversity. 24 (6): 3319-3324. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240626.
- Suiter, D.R., Jones, S.C. & Forschelr, B.T. (2000). Biology of Subterranean Termiter in The Eastern United States. Bulletin 1209. The Ohio University.
- Syaukani. (2006). A Guide to The Nasus Termites (Nasutiterminae, Termitidae) of Kerinci Seblat National Park Sumatra. Mitra Barokah Abadi, Yogyakarta.
- Tho, Y.P. (1992). Termites of Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Selangor.
- Trianto, M., Marisa, F., Nurani & Sukmawati. (2020). Keanekaragaman jenis rayap pada perkebunan kelapa sawit dan perkebunan karet di Kabupaten Banjar Kalimantan Selatan. Bioma, 5(2), 199-209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20956/bioma.v5i2.10716.
- Yunita, Y., Zuraida, Z. & Jufri, Y. (2023). Status hara tanah pada lahan sawah untuk pengembangan padi organik di Tenggulun Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian. 8(2), 461-467.
- Zamroni, M. 2014. Jati jawa kontribusi kayu jati bagi masyarakat jawa. Gelar. 12(1), 58-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33153/glr.v12i1. 1499.
- Zulkaidhah, Hapid, A. & Ariyanti. (2017). Keragaman jenis rayap pada kebun monokultur kakao di hutan Pendidikan Universitas Tadulako Sulawesi Tengah. Jurnal Forest Sains, 14(2), 80-84.
References
Adelina, M., Harianto, S.P., Nurcahyani, N. (2016). Keanekaragaman jenis burung di hutan rakyat Pekon Kelungu Kecamatan Kotaagung Kabupaten Tanggamus. Jurnal Sylva Lestari. 4(2), 51-60.
Ahmad, M. (1958). Key to the Indomalayan Termites. University of Panjab, Pakistan.
Arinana, A., Ardiansyah, F., Andika, R., Tarmadi, D. & Satimo. (2025). Identification of subterranean termites and their attack characteristics on settlements in Jakarta Province, Indonesia. Biodiversity. 26(1), 22-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d260103.
Asdak, C. 2010. Hidrologi dan Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai. Gadjah Mada University Press., Yogyakarta.
Bismark, M. 2011. Prosedur Operasi Standar (SOP) Untuk Survey Keragaman Jenis pada Kawasan Konservasi. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perubahan Iklim dan Kebijakan Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan, Kementerian Kehutanan, Bogor.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2021. Produksi Perusahaan Pembudidaya Tanaman Kehutanan Menurut Jenis Produksi 2019-2021. [diakses 14 Juni 2023]. https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/60/ 1851/1/produksi-perusahaan-pembudidaya-tanaman-kehutanan-menurut-jenis-produksi. html.
Decaens, T., Galvis, J.H., Amezqueta, E. (2001). Properties of the structure created by ecosystem engginers on the soil surface of a Colombian savanna. Natures Plow, 11, 151-175.
Fajar, A., Himmi, S.K., Latif, A., Tarmadi, D., Kartika, T., Guswenrivo, I., Yusuf, S. & Yoshimura, T. (2021). Termite assemblage and damage on tree trunks in fast-growing teak plantations of different age: A Case Study in West Java, Indonesia. Insect. 12(4), 295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12040295.
Faszly, R., Idris, A.B. & Sajap, A.S. (2005). Termites (Insecta: Isoptera) assemblages from Sungai Bebar peat swamp forest, Pahang. Biodeversity Expedition, 4, 137-140.
Gowda, D.K.S., Venkatesha, M.G. & Bhat, P.K. (1995). Preliminary observations on the incidence of termites on coffee and its shade tress. Journal of Coffee Research. 25(1), 30-34.
Hariri, A.M., Susilo, F.X. & Sudarsono, H. (2003). Populasi rayap pada pertanaman lada di Way Kanan Lampung. Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika. 3(2), 29-35.
Hilwan, I., Mulyana, D. & Pananjung, W.G. (2012). Keanekaragaman jenis tumbuhan bawah pada tegakan sengon buto (Enterolobium cylocarpum Griseb.) dan trembesi (Samanea saman Merr.) di lahan pasca tambang batubara PT Kitadin, Embalut, Kutai, Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur. Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika. 4(1), 6-10.
Helmiyetti, Manaf, S. & Erleza, N. (2011). Penyebaran dan intensitas serangan rayap di perkebunan karet Desa Pagar Banyu Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Konservasi Hayati. 7(2), 9-11.
Jones, D.T. 2000. Termite assemblages in two distinct montane forest types at 1000 m elevation in the Maliau Basin, Sabah. Journal Tropical Ecology. 16, 271-286.
Jones, D.T., Verker, R.H.J.& Eggleton, P. (2005). Methods for sampling termites. In: S.R. Leather (Ed.), Insect Sampling in Forest Ecosystems. 221-253. Blackwell Science Ltd., Victoria, Australia.
Kalshoven. (1981). The Pests of Crops in Indonesia. Diterjemahkan oleh Laan PA van der.PT Ichtiar Baru, Jakarta.
Magurran, A.E. (2004). Measuring Biologycal Diversity. Blackwell Publishing, New Jersey (US).
Mawazin, Subiakto, A. (2013). Keanekaragaman dan komposisi jenis permudaan alam hutan rawa gambut bekas tebangan di Riau. Indonesia Forest Rehabilitation Journal. 1(1), 59-73.
Mokodompit, A., Ngangi, J. & Moko, E.M. (2020). Karakterisasi enzim selulase isolat bakteri pada saluran pencernaan rayap (Odontotermes javanicus). Jurnal Nukleus Biosains. 1(2), 47-54.
Mubin, N., Harahap, I.S. & Giyanto. (2019). Diversity of subterranean termites (Blattodea: Termitoidea) on various types habitat around IPB University Campus, Bogor, Indonesia. Jurnal HPT Tropika. 19(2), 158-169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23960/j.hptt.219158-169.
Mulyadi, Hayat, E.S. & Andayani, S. (2022). Effect of compost and Trichoderma on onion growth and yield. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian. 3(3), 5551-5560. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47492/jip.v3i3.1886.
Naidu, V.S.G.R. (2012). Hand book on Weed Identification Directorate of Weed Science Research. Directorate of Weed Science Research, Jabalpur.
Nandika, D., Rismayadi, Y. & Diba, F. (2015). Rayap: Biologi dan Pengendaliannya. Mubin N, Editor. Muhammadiyah University Press.,Surakarta.
Novita, N., Amiruddin, H., Ibrahim, H., Jamil, T.M., Syaukani, S., Oguri, E. & Eguchi, K. (2020). Investigation of termite attack on cultural heritage buildings: A case study in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Insect. 11-385. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060385.
Odum, E.P. (1993). Dasar-Dasar Ekologi. Gadjah Mada Press., Yogyakarta.
Pratiwi, T., Karmanah & Gusmarianti, R. (2012). Inventarisasi hama dan penyakit tanaman jati unggul nusantara di Kebun Percobaan Cogrek Bogor. Jurnal Sains Natural Universitas Nusa Bangsa. 2(1), 123-133.
Purwanta, S., Sumantoro, P., Setyaningrum, H.D., Saparinto, C. (2015). Budi Daya & Bisnis Kayu Jati. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.
Puspitasari, M., Susilawati & Mubin, N. (2021). Rayap pada tanaman perkebunan serta teknik pengelolaannya. Perspektif: Rev. Pen. Tan. Industri, 20(2), 121-132. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21082/psp.v20n2.2021.121-132 .
Rafli, M.A., Madusari, S. & Soesatrijo, J. (2020). Komparasi efektivitas metode pengendalian rayap Macrotermes gilvus di perkebunan kelapa sawit. Jurnal Agrosains dan Teknologi. 5(2), 77-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/jat.5.2.77-86
Sirait, M., Rahmatia, F. & Pattulloh. (2018). Komparasi indeks keanekaragaman dan indeks dominansi fitoplankton di Sungai Ciliwung Jakarta. Jurnal Kelautan, 11(1), 75-79.
Subekti, N. & Milanio, R.R. (2021). Termite diversity and abundance based on altitude in Mount Ungaran, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversity. 24 (6): 3319-3324. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d240626.
Suiter, D.R., Jones, S.C. & Forschelr, B.T. (2000). Biology of Subterranean Termiter in The Eastern United States. Bulletin 1209. The Ohio University.
Syaukani. (2006). A Guide to The Nasus Termites (Nasutiterminae, Termitidae) of Kerinci Seblat National Park Sumatra. Mitra Barokah Abadi, Yogyakarta.
Tho, Y.P. (1992). Termites of Peninsular Malaysia. Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Selangor.
Trianto, M., Marisa, F., Nurani & Sukmawati. (2020). Keanekaragaman jenis rayap pada perkebunan kelapa sawit dan perkebunan karet di Kabupaten Banjar Kalimantan Selatan. Bioma, 5(2), 199-209. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20956/bioma.v5i2.10716.
Yunita, Y., Zuraida, Z. & Jufri, Y. (2023). Status hara tanah pada lahan sawah untuk pengembangan padi organik di Tenggulun Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian. 8(2), 461-467.
Zamroni, M. 2014. Jati jawa kontribusi kayu jati bagi masyarakat jawa. Gelar. 12(1), 58-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33153/glr.v12i1. 1499.
Zulkaidhah, Hapid, A. & Ariyanti. (2017). Keragaman jenis rayap pada kebun monokultur kakao di hutan Pendidikan Universitas Tadulako Sulawesi Tengah. Jurnal Forest Sains, 14(2), 80-84.