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Abstract
[THE USE OF PAITAN BIOMASS (Tithonia diversifolia) (Hemsley) A. Gray AS A FERTILIZER IN INCREASING PEANUT YIELD]. Peanuts are one of the food crops having high economic value due to their nutritional content, especially high protein and fat. Peanut crop production has decreased due to infertile land with poor in nutrients. Efforts to increase peanut production is by including organic paitan (T. diversifolia) provision. This study aims to obtain the optimum dose of T. diversifolia compost on the yield of peanuts. This research was carried out in Pekik Nyaring Village, Bengkulu, with a height of ± 25 m above sea level, from February to April 2018. The design used was a complete randomized block design with a single factor consisting of 6 levels of treatment with four replications. Factor dosage of paitan compost fertilizer (T. diversifolia) is 0 tons/hectares, 5 tons/hectares, 10 tons/hectares, 15 tons/hectares, 20 tons/hectares, and 25 tons/hectares. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance at a 5% level. The results showed that the optimum dose of 15.5 tons/hectares produced 6.54 branches. The dosage of T. diversifolia compost 25 tons/hectares produced the highest number of pithed pods (36.08 pieces), the heaviest pith weighted pods (111.58 g), and the heaviest seed weight (87.06 g).
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References
- Ardi, D., Jahja & Wenny. (2013). Substitusi nitrogen dari urea dengan Tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) Muda. Stigma, 11(3), 202-208.
- Badan Meterologi Klimatologi & Geofisika. (2018). Curah hujan, Kelembaban, Suhu Udara dan Penyinaran Matahari. Stasiun Klimatologi Bengkulu Pulau Baii, Bengkulu.
- Badan Pusat Statistik. 2016. Produksi kacang tanah. htttp://www.bps.go.id/linkTableDi namis/view/id874. 10 Oktober 2017.
- Habiby, M. R., Damatik, S. & Ginting, J. (2013). Pertumbuhan dan produksi kacang tanah pada beberapa pengelolaan tanah Inseptisol dan pemberian pupuk kascing. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 1(4), 1183-1194.
- Hakim, N. & Agustian. (2012). Tithonia Untuk Pertanian Berkelanjutan. Andalas University Press., Sumatera Barat.
- Hakim, N., Agustian & Mala, Y. (2012). Application of organic fertilizer Tithonia plus to control iron toxicity and reduce commercial fertilizer application on new paddy field. J. Trop. Soils, 17, 135-142.
- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.v17i2. 135-142.
- Hardjowigeno. (1993). Klasifikasi Tanah dan Pedogenesis. Akademika Pressindo, Jakarta.
- Hartatik, W. (2007). Tithonia diversifolia sebagai pupuk hijau. Warta Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. 29(5), 3-5.
- Hidayat, N. (2008). Pertumbuhan dan produksi kacang tanah (Arachis hypogea L.) varietas Lokal Madura pada berbagai jarak tanam dan dosis pupuk fospor. Jurnal Agrovigor, 1(1), 55-63. DOI: https://doi. org/10.21107/agrovigor. v1i1.232.
- Hutomo I. P., Mahfudz & Laude, S. (2015). Pengaruh pupuk hijau Tithonia diversifolia terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Agrotekbis, 3(4), 475-481.
- Irdiawan, R. & Rahmi, A. (2002). Pengaruh jarak tanam dan pemberian bokhasi pupuk kandang ayam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.). J. Agrifor. 1(2), 31–36.
- Kurnia, S.D., Setyowati, N. & Alnopri. (2019). Pengaruh kombinasi dosis kompos gulma dan pupuk sintetik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 21(1), 15-21. DOI:
- https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.21.1. 15-21.
- Kurniansyah, D. (2010). Produksi kedelai organik panen kering dari dua varietas kedelai dengan berbagai jenis pupuk organik. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
- Lingga, P. & Marsono. (2010). Petunjuk Penggunaan Pupuk. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta
- Marlina, N., Aminah, R.I.S., Rosmiah & Setel, L.R. (2015). Aplikasi pupuk kandang kotoran ayam pada tanaman kacang tanah (Arachis hypogeae L.). Biosaintifika, 7(2), 136-141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i2.3957.
- Muhsin, K., Patadunjan, Y. & M. Basir, M. (2017). Respon tanaman kacang tanah terhadap berbagai jenis pupuk pada Entisols di Kelurahan Tondo. Jurnal Mitra Sains, 1(5), 1-11.
- Nusantara, A.D., Bertham, Y.H., Junedi, A., Pujiwati, H. & Hartal. (2019). Pemanfaatan mikroba untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai di tanah pesisir. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 21(1), 37-43. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.31186/jipi.21.1.37-43.
- Oyerinde, O.R, Otusanya, O.O. & Akpor, O.B. (2009). Allelopathic effect of Tithonia diversifolia on the germination, growth, and chlorophyll content on maize (Zea mays L.). Scientific Research and Essay, 4(12), 1553–1558.
- Phiri, S., Rao, I.M., Barrios, E. & Singh, B.R. (2003). Plant growth, mycorhiza association, nutrient uptake, and phosphorus dynamics in a volcanic-ash soil in Colombia as a affected by the establishment of Tithonia diversifolia. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 21(3), 41-59. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.1300/J064v21n03_05.
- Prasetyo, B. H. & Suriadikarta, D.A. (2016). Karakteristik, potensi dan teknologi pengelolaan tanah ultisol untuk pengembangan pertanian lahan kering di Indonesia. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 25(2), 39-47.
- Raja, L.S.B., Damanil, B.S.J. & Ginting, J. (2013). Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi kacang tanah terhadap bahan organik Tithonia diversifolia dan pupuk SP-36. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi, 3(1), 725-731.
- Sinclair, J.B. 1994. Soybeans. In W.F. Bennett (Ed.). Nutrient Deficiencies and Toxicities in Crop Plant. American Phytopatological Society, Minnesota.
- Sutedjo, M.M. 2002. Pupuk dan Cara Pemupukan. Rineka Cipta, Jakarta.
References
Ardi, D., Jahja & Wenny. (2013). Substitusi nitrogen dari urea dengan Tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) Muda. Stigma, 11(3), 202-208.
Badan Meterologi Klimatologi & Geofisika. (2018). Curah hujan, Kelembaban, Suhu Udara dan Penyinaran Matahari. Stasiun Klimatologi Bengkulu Pulau Baii, Bengkulu.
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2016. Produksi kacang tanah. htttp://www.bps.go.id/linkTableDi namis/view/id874. 10 Oktober 2017.
Habiby, M. R., Damatik, S. & Ginting, J. (2013). Pertumbuhan dan produksi kacang tanah pada beberapa pengelolaan tanah Inseptisol dan pemberian pupuk kascing. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 1(4), 1183-1194.
Hakim, N. & Agustian. (2012). Tithonia Untuk Pertanian Berkelanjutan. Andalas University Press., Sumatera Barat.
Hakim, N., Agustian & Mala, Y. (2012). Application of organic fertilizer Tithonia plus to control iron toxicity and reduce commercial fertilizer application on new paddy field. J. Trop. Soils, 17, 135-142.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.v17i2. 135-142.
Hardjowigeno. (1993). Klasifikasi Tanah dan Pedogenesis. Akademika Pressindo, Jakarta.
Hartatik, W. (2007). Tithonia diversifolia sebagai pupuk hijau. Warta Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. 29(5), 3-5.
Hidayat, N. (2008). Pertumbuhan dan produksi kacang tanah (Arachis hypogea L.) varietas Lokal Madura pada berbagai jarak tanam dan dosis pupuk fospor. Jurnal Agrovigor, 1(1), 55-63. DOI: https://doi. org/10.21107/agrovigor. v1i1.232.
Hutomo I. P., Mahfudz & Laude, S. (2015). Pengaruh pupuk hijau Tithonia diversifolia terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Agrotekbis, 3(4), 475-481.
Irdiawan, R. & Rahmi, A. (2002). Pengaruh jarak tanam dan pemberian bokhasi pupuk kandang ayam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.). J. Agrifor. 1(2), 31–36.
Kurnia, S.D., Setyowati, N. & Alnopri. (2019). Pengaruh kombinasi dosis kompos gulma dan pupuk sintetik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 21(1), 15-21. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.21.1. 15-21.
Kurniansyah, D. (2010). Produksi kedelai organik panen kering dari dua varietas kedelai dengan berbagai jenis pupuk organik. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
Lingga, P. & Marsono. (2010). Petunjuk Penggunaan Pupuk. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta
Marlina, N., Aminah, R.I.S., Rosmiah & Setel, L.R. (2015). Aplikasi pupuk kandang kotoran ayam pada tanaman kacang tanah (Arachis hypogeae L.). Biosaintifika, 7(2), 136-141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i2.3957.
Muhsin, K., Patadunjan, Y. & M. Basir, M. (2017). Respon tanaman kacang tanah terhadap berbagai jenis pupuk pada Entisols di Kelurahan Tondo. Jurnal Mitra Sains, 1(5), 1-11.
Nusantara, A.D., Bertham, Y.H., Junedi, A., Pujiwati, H. & Hartal. (2019). Pemanfaatan mikroba untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil kedelai di tanah pesisir. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 21(1), 37-43. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.31186/jipi.21.1.37-43.
Oyerinde, O.R, Otusanya, O.O. & Akpor, O.B. (2009). Allelopathic effect of Tithonia diversifolia on the germination, growth, and chlorophyll content on maize (Zea mays L.). Scientific Research and Essay, 4(12), 1553–1558.
Phiri, S., Rao, I.M., Barrios, E. & Singh, B.R. (2003). Plant growth, mycorhiza association, nutrient uptake, and phosphorus dynamics in a volcanic-ash soil in Colombia as a affected by the establishment of Tithonia diversifolia. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 21(3), 41-59. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.1300/J064v21n03_05.
Prasetyo, B. H. & Suriadikarta, D.A. (2016). Karakteristik, potensi dan teknologi pengelolaan tanah ultisol untuk pengembangan pertanian lahan kering di Indonesia. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian, 25(2), 39-47.
Raja, L.S.B., Damanil, B.S.J. & Ginting, J. (2013). Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi kacang tanah terhadap bahan organik Tithonia diversifolia dan pupuk SP-36. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi, 3(1), 725-731.
Sinclair, J.B. 1994. Soybeans. In W.F. Bennett (Ed.). Nutrient Deficiencies and Toxicities in Crop Plant. American Phytopatological Society, Minnesota.
Sutedjo, M.M. 2002. Pupuk dan Cara Pemupukan. Rineka Cipta, Jakarta.