Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia

PENGARUH PEMUPUKAN P DAN GREEN MANURE LEGUMINOSA BUNGA TELANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAGUNG PULUT ARUMBA (Zea mays Ceratina var. Arumba)

2025-07-16T03:35:14+00:00

[EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION AND Clitoria ternatea LEGUMINOUS GREEN MANURE ON
THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF ARUMBA WAXY CORN (Zea mays Ceratina var. Arumba)] Food security and
resilience can be achieved through diversifying local food products, for example waxy corn (Zea mays Ceratina). The potential yield of this commodity can be increased through fertilization, either chemically using phosphorus fertilizer or organically using Clitoria ternatea leguminous green manure. This study aimed to obtain the interaction between P fertilization and Clitoria ternatea leguminous green manure on the growth and yield of Arumba waxy corn. This study is a factorial experiment arranged based on a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor is phosphorus fertilizing, consisting of 3 treatment levels; the second is Clitoria ternatea leguminous green manure fertilizing, consisting of 2 treatment levels. The results of the study showed that the combination of 50 kg/ha phosphorus fertilization and without Clitoria ternatea leguminous green manure gave the best results on plant length at 14, 21, and 28 DAP; stem diameter at 7 and 28 DAP, cob diameter with husk, cob weight with husk, cob weight without husk, and total fresh weight of Arumba waxy corn. The single treatment of P fertilization had a very significant effect on plant length at 35 DAP and stem diameter at 7 and 28 DAP, and had a significant impact on stem diameter at 35 DAP. Based on the results of the study, phosphorus fertilization at a rate of 50 kg/ha is recommended for the cultivation of Arumba waxy corn, as it resulted in the highest yield during the generative growth phase.

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EFEKTIVITAS SEED COATING PADA BENIH CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L.) VARIETAS BARA KEDALUWARSA

2025-08-03T15:37:48+00:00

[EFFECTIVENESS OF SEED COATING ON EXPIRED ‘BARA’ BIRD’S EYE CHILI (Capsicum frutescens L.) SEEDS]. The decline in physiological quality of bird’s eye chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) seeds due to prolonged storage poses a significant challenge in horticultural crop production, particularly in ensuring the availability of high-quality seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of seed coating using carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and humic acid in combination with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in enhancing the viability and vigor of aged ‘Bara’ chili seeds. The experiment was conducted from March to June 2025 at the laboratory, field, and greenhouse facilities of the UPT for Rice and Palawija Seed Development, Singosari, Malang, East Java. A factorial completely randomized design (CRD) was employed with two factors: type of coating material (CMC, humic acid, and CMC + humic acid) and PGPR dosage (10 g and 20 g). The observed variables included maximum growth potential, germination rate, vigor index, and seedling growth rate. The results indicated that treatment with 1% humic acid + 20 g PGPR yielded the highest maximum growth potential and germination rate (100%), while the combination of 1% humic acid + 10 g PGPR produced the highest vigor index (33.33%) and growth rate (5.89%/day). The application of organic coating materials combined with PGPR was proven effective in restoring the physiological quality of aged chili seeds. These findings can be implemented as a seed invigoration strategy to extend the shelf life of horticultural seeds and improve seedling establishment under field conditions, thereby supporting sustainable crop production systems.

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KERAGAMAN GENETIK DAN HERITABILITAS 10 AKSESI CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L.) YANG DITANAM DI LAHAN PESISIR

2025-08-04T04:38:07+00:00

[GENETIC VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY OF 10 ACCESSIONS OF BIRD’S EYE CHILI (Capsicum frutescens L.) GROWN ON COASTAL LAND]. Cultivation of bird’s eye chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) on saline coastal land in Indonesia faces several environmental constraints. Efforts to increase bird’s eye chili productivity in saline land are by planting varieties that are adaptive to stressed environmental conditions. This research aims to evaluate performance, estimate genetic diversity and heritability of agronomic traits in 10 bird’s eye chili accessions in coastal land in Kuala Alam, Bengkulu. The research was conducted using a one-factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 10 accessions as treatments and three replications. The results showed that the characters of plant height, stem diameter, flowering date, dichotomous height, fruit length and fruit diameter had wide genotypic variation. Broad phenotypic was shown by all characters. High heritability values were obtained in the characters of plant height, stem diameter, flowering date, dichotomous height, number of dichotomous points, fruit length and fruit diameter. The characters of number of leaves, leaf greenness, number of fruits per plant and fruit weight per plant have medium heritability values. The number of stomata and stomatal density characters have low heritability values. Accession Bangka 2 has superior performance in the characters of plant height, stem diameter, flowering date, dichotomous height, number of dichotomous point, fruit length, fruit diameter and fruit weight per plant. Accessions with superior performance and characters that have high heritability values with a wide genotypic and phenotypic range are used as elders in plant breeding programs. These findings form the basis for the development of superior bird’s eye chili varieties that are adaptive to saline land.

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SEBARAN SPASIAL KARBON TANAH GUNUNG MARAPI

2025-08-05T04:39:22+00:00

[SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SOIL CARBON MARAPI MOUNTAIN]. Volcanic activity will significantly affect the carbon component and its fraction in the soil. Volcanic soils have high carbon content. This study aimeds to map the soil carbon and its fraction vocanic soil of Mt. Marapi. A total of 93 soil samples were taken with a grid interval of 750 x 750 m at a depth of 0-20 cm spread across the Southwest, West and Northwest areas affected by the eruption of Mt. Marapi at a radius of 4.5-7 km from the peak. The parameters analyzed were: bulk density, soil pH, C-organic, C fractions. The results showed that, soil pH ranged from 4.59-6.19 (pH H2O) and 3.8-5.8 (pH KCl), C organic ranged from 3.00%-14.16%, C-very labile ranged from 0.001-0.045%, C-labile ranged from 0.14-1.41%, C boundts non-crystalline clay ranged from 0.20-2.10%, C-metal complex ranged from 0.11-1.70%. Soil pH in Northwest was different from those of in West and Southwest. Very labile carbon in Southwest slope was not the same as those found in West and Northwest. C-metal complex in Northwest soil did not the same as those found in West and Southwest. The diversity of carbon fractions can be used as a reference in tillage to maintain carbon storage and become a marker for soil health.

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IDENTIFIKASI JENIS DAN POPULASI FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR (ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI) PADA LAHAN TEBU PG. REJO AGUNG BARU MADIUN

2025-08-25T11:12:14+00:00

[IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES AND POPULATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN SUGARCANE PLANTATIONS AT PG. REJO AGUNG BARU, MADIUN]. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) play an important role in enhancing plant root capacity for nutrient uptake. This study aimed to identify the species and determine the population of AMF in sugarcane fields at PG. Rejo Agung Baru, Madiun. Observations were conducted on four fields with different productivity levels: very high, high, moderate, and low. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach with an exploratory method. Soil and root samples were analyzed to determine AMF species and population density, while the relationships between AMF populations and soil properties were examined using simple linear regression and t-tests. The results revealed that all sites contained the same AMF species, Glomus sp., which exhibited a high adaptability to various soil fertility conditions. The highest AMF population was observed in the very high productivity field (1.01 × 10⁷ spores/ha), whereas the lowest was found in the moderate productivity field (0.06 × 10⁷ spores/ha). Population variations were influenced by interactions among soil physical and chemical properties, particularly pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and clay fraction. Overall, this study demonstrates that the occurrence and population density of AMF, especially Glomus sp., are strongly affected by soil conditions. Optimal AMF populations were associated with soils characterized by near neutral pH, high organic matter content, low clay fraction, and moderate nitrogen levels, suggesting that these factors are critical for enhancing AMF activity in sugarcane cultivation.

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EFFECTS OF WATERLOGGING ON THE GROWTH OF TARO (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) ACCESSIONS IN COASTAL AREA OF BENGKULU

2025-08-21T11:35:36+00:00

[EFFECTS OF WATERLOGGING ON THE GROWTH OF TARO (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) ACCESSIONS IN COASTAL AREA OF BENGKULU]. Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) is a vital tropical root crop with considerable potential for food diversification due to its nutritional and carbohydrate content. In Bengkulu Province, Indonesia—a region with rich taro genetic diversity in coastal agroecosystems—systematic evaluation of local accessions under waterlogging stress remains limited. This study assessed the effects of waterlogging depth and accession variability on taro growth using a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications, evaluating ten local accessions under three waterlogging levels: 0 cm (control), 15 cm, and 30 cm. Results revealed significant (p < 0.01) differences among accessions for plant height, leaf width, leaf length, and stem diameter, indicating substantial genetic variation. Waterlogging significantly affected leaf width and length (p < 0.01) and plant height (p < 0.05), but not leaf number or stem diameter. No significant accession × waterlogging interaction was observed, suggesting consistent accession performance across treatments. Karang Tinggi (AK10) showed the greatest plant height (134.69 cm) and stem diameter (6.39 cm), while Bentiring 2 (AK4) exhibited the largest leaves. Moderate waterlogging (15 cm) did not impair growth relative to the control, but 30 cm waterlogging reduced leaf dimensions. These findings support the selection of resilient accessions like Karang Tinggi and Bentiring 2 for cultivation in flood-prone coastal areas and provide a foundation for breeding waterlogging-tolerant taro varieties.