Main Article Content
Abstract
KPS-Bogor is one of the largest dairy cooperatives in Indonesia. The cooperativeconsists of 127 active farmers, produces an average of 78.8 liters of milk/person/day. However, the quantity and quality of milk produced is very volatile which causes fluctuations in the income of dairy farmers. Considered the role of cooperative to agricultural development, and its unique nature, risk analysis research is an interesting yet rarely conducted. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to analyze the agribusiness risks faced by the KPS-Bogor, and to analyze risk priorities faced by the KPS-Bogor. This research is a qualitative research, using Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Fishbone Diagram. The study results show that the cooperative faces 6 sources of risk that have the potential to cause losses , namely production risk (bacteria and the absence of SOPs for farming method), market risk (Dairy Processing Industry’s (DPI) market structure), financial risk (delayed payment of its member’s debt), legal risk (GMP standardization is not yet implemented), and human resource risk (low commitment of the workers). FMEA and Fishbone Diagram show that the low commitment of the workers, the absence of farming SOP, and the DPI market structure are the most risky sources which have highest level of severity, occurrence and detection that can cause losses to KPS-Bogor. Unussualy, this research found human resource risk valued higher than the production risk factor, which mainly become the main risk source in agricultural business.
Keywords
Article Details
Authors who publish with this journal agree with the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
- Amam, A., & Harsita, P. A. (2019). Efek Domino Performa Kelembagaan, Aspek Risiko, dan Pengembangan Usaha terhadap SDM Peternak Sapi Perah. Sains Peternakan, 17(1), 5-10. doi: 10.20961/sainspet.v17i1.24266
- Amam, A., & Soetriono, S. (2019). Evaluasi Performa Kelembagaan Peternak Sapi Perah Berdasarkan Aspek Risiko Bisnis dan Pengembangan Usaha. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis, 6(1), 8-3. doi: 10.33772/jitro.v6i1.5391
- Bosch, D. J., & Johnson, C. J. (1992). An evaluation of risk management strategies for dairy farms. Southern Journal of Agricultural Economics, 24(2), 173–182.doi: 10.1017/s0081305200018483
- BPS. (2020a). Dairy Cattle Establihment Statistics. Jakarta: BPS
- BPS. (2020b). Large and Small Livestock Establishment Statistics 2020. Jakarta: BPS
- BPS. (2020c). Livestocks in Figures 2020. Jakarta: BPS
- Dong, Y., Mu, Y., & Abler, D. (2019). Do Farmer Professional Cooperatives Improve Technical Efficiency and Income? Evidence from Small Vegetable Farms in China. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 51(4), 591–605. doi: 10.1017/aae.2019.22
- Farizqie, B. S. F. Al, Roessali, W., & Nurfadillah, S. (2020). Analisis Risiko Produksi Usahaternak Sapi Perah pada Kelompok Tani Ternak di Kecamatan Getasan, Semarang. Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah, 18(2), 191–203
- Gandhy, A., & Kurniawati, S. D. (2018). Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Koperasi Produksi Susu Bogor, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Maksipreneur: Manajemen, Koperasi, dan Entrepreneurship, 8(1), 15-31. doi: 10.30588/jmp.v8i1.376
- Harwood, J. L., Heifner, R., Coble, K., Perry, J., & Somwaru, A. (1999). Managing risk in farming: concepts, research, and analysis. Economic Research Service, USDA, Report No. 774, 774, report n° 774. Retrieved from http://www.agriskmanagementforum.org/sites/agriskmanagementforum.org/files/Documents/Managing%5CnRisk%5Cnin%5CnFarming.pdf
- Hemsworth, P. H., Coleman, G. J., Barnett, J. L., & Borg, S. (2000). Relationships between human-animal interactions and productivity of commercial dairy cows. Journal of Animal Science, 78(11), 2821–2831. doi: 10.2527/2000.78112821x
- Ilie, G., & Ciocoiu, C. N. (2010). Application Of Fishbone Diagram To Determine The Risk Of An Event With Multiple Causes. Management Research and Practice, 2(1), 1–20
- Ivemeyer, S., Knierim, U., & Waiblinger, S. (2011). Effect of human-animal relationship and management on udder health in Swiss dairy herds. Journal of Dairy Science, 94(12), 5890–5902. doi: 10.3168/jds.2010-4048
- Kahan, D. (2013). Managing Risks in farming (p. 120). Rome: FAO.
- KPS-Bogor. (2020). Laporan Pertanggungjawaban Pengurus KPS-Bogor Tahun 2020.
- Kurniawati, S. D. (2017). Analisis Manfaat Sosial Dan Ekonomi Peternak Sapi Perah Di Koperasi Produksi Susu (Kps) Bogor. (Thesis, Universitas Surya, Jakarta, Indonesia)
- Napolitano, F., Bragaglio, A., Sabia, E., Serrapica, F., Braghieri, A., & De Rosa, G. (2020). The Human-Animal Relationship in Dairy Animals. Journal of Dairy Research, 87(1), 47–52. doi: 10.1017/S0022029920000606
- Neyhard, J., Tauer, L., & Gloy, B. (2013). Analysis of Price Risk Management Strategies in Dairy Farming Using Whole-Farm Simulations. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 45(2), 313–327. doi: 10.1017/s1074070800004764
- Robison, L. J., & Barry, P. J. (1987). Competitive Firm’s Response to Risk. Macmillan: Collier
- Sellappan, N., Nagarajan, D., & Palanikumar, K. (2015). Evaluation Of Risk Priority Number (RPN) in Design Failure Modes And Effects
- Analysis (DFMEA) Using Factor Analysis. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 10(14), 34194–34198
- Shokoohi, Z., Chizari, A. H., & Asgari, M. (2019). Investigating Bargaining Power of Farmers and Processors in Iran’s Dairy Market. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 51(1), 126–141. doi: 10.1017/aae.2018.26
- Simarmata, V. H., Murard, Z. K., & Lubis, A. F. (2015). Pengaruh Kebijakan pada Structure Conduct Performance di Industri Susu (Studi Kasus Tahun 1985 - 2011) = Effect Of Policy on Structure Conduct Performance in Dairy Industry (Study Case Year 1985-2011). (Thesis, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia). Retrieved from http://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20446071&lokasi=lokal
- Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution. Milwaukee: William A Tony
- Sutarno, & Suswadi. (2017). Analisa Dinamika Dan Kemandirian Kelembagaan Ekonomi Petani Dengan Penerapan Pertanian Organik Bersertifikasi Di Kabupaten Boyolali. National Seminar Proceedings (pp. 220 -240)
- Wolf, C. A., & Widmar, N. J. O. (2014). Adoption of Milk and Feed Forward Pricing Methods by Dairy Farmers. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 46(4), 527–541. doi: 10.1017/s1074070800029084
- Yang, H., Klerkx, L., & Leeuwis, C. (2014). Functions and limitations of farmer cooperatives as innovation intermediaries: Findings from China. Agricultural Systems, 127, 115–125. doi: 10.1016/J.AGSY.2014.02.005
- Yusdja, Y. (2017). Kebijakan Ekonomi Industri Agribisnis Sapi Perah di Indonesia. Kebijakan Ekonomi Industri Agribisnis Sapi Perah Di
- Indonesia, 3(3), 256–268. doi: 10.21082/akp.v3n3.2005.256-268
- Zulfikar, Z. (2014). Gambaran Penyakit Infeksius pada Ternak Sapi dan Cara Pencegahan. Jurnal Ilmiah Sains Dan Teknologi, 1(1)1–8.
References
Amam, A., & Harsita, P. A. (2019). Efek Domino Performa Kelembagaan, Aspek Risiko, dan Pengembangan Usaha terhadap SDM Peternak Sapi Perah. Sains Peternakan, 17(1), 5-10. doi: 10.20961/sainspet.v17i1.24266
Amam, A., & Soetriono, S. (2019). Evaluasi Performa Kelembagaan Peternak Sapi Perah Berdasarkan Aspek Risiko Bisnis dan Pengembangan Usaha. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan Tropis, 6(1), 8-3. doi: 10.33772/jitro.v6i1.5391
Bosch, D. J., & Johnson, C. J. (1992). An evaluation of risk management strategies for dairy farms. Southern Journal of Agricultural Economics, 24(2), 173–182.doi: 10.1017/s0081305200018483
BPS. (2020a). Dairy Cattle Establihment Statistics. Jakarta: BPS
BPS. (2020b). Large and Small Livestock Establishment Statistics 2020. Jakarta: BPS
BPS. (2020c). Livestocks in Figures 2020. Jakarta: BPS
Dong, Y., Mu, Y., & Abler, D. (2019). Do Farmer Professional Cooperatives Improve Technical Efficiency and Income? Evidence from Small Vegetable Farms in China. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 51(4), 591–605. doi: 10.1017/aae.2019.22
Farizqie, B. S. F. Al, Roessali, W., & Nurfadillah, S. (2020). Analisis Risiko Produksi Usahaternak Sapi Perah pada Kelompok Tani Ternak di Kecamatan Getasan, Semarang. Jurnal Litbang Provinsi Jawa Tengah, 18(2), 191–203
Gandhy, A., & Kurniawati, S. D. (2018). Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Koperasi Produksi Susu Bogor, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Maksipreneur: Manajemen, Koperasi, dan Entrepreneurship, 8(1), 15-31. doi: 10.30588/jmp.v8i1.376
Harwood, J. L., Heifner, R., Coble, K., Perry, J., & Somwaru, A. (1999). Managing risk in farming: concepts, research, and analysis. Economic Research Service, USDA, Report No. 774, 774, report n° 774. Retrieved from http://www.agriskmanagementforum.org/sites/agriskmanagementforum.org/files/Documents/Managing%5CnRisk%5Cnin%5CnFarming.pdf
Hemsworth, P. H., Coleman, G. J., Barnett, J. L., & Borg, S. (2000). Relationships between human-animal interactions and productivity of commercial dairy cows. Journal of Animal Science, 78(11), 2821–2831. doi: 10.2527/2000.78112821x
Ilie, G., & Ciocoiu, C. N. (2010). Application Of Fishbone Diagram To Determine The Risk Of An Event With Multiple Causes. Management Research and Practice, 2(1), 1–20
Ivemeyer, S., Knierim, U., & Waiblinger, S. (2011). Effect of human-animal relationship and management on udder health in Swiss dairy herds. Journal of Dairy Science, 94(12), 5890–5902. doi: 10.3168/jds.2010-4048
Kahan, D. (2013). Managing Risks in farming (p. 120). Rome: FAO.
KPS-Bogor. (2020). Laporan Pertanggungjawaban Pengurus KPS-Bogor Tahun 2020.
Kurniawati, S. D. (2017). Analisis Manfaat Sosial Dan Ekonomi Peternak Sapi Perah Di Koperasi Produksi Susu (Kps) Bogor. (Thesis, Universitas Surya, Jakarta, Indonesia)
Napolitano, F., Bragaglio, A., Sabia, E., Serrapica, F., Braghieri, A., & De Rosa, G. (2020). The Human-Animal Relationship in Dairy Animals. Journal of Dairy Research, 87(1), 47–52. doi: 10.1017/S0022029920000606
Neyhard, J., Tauer, L., & Gloy, B. (2013). Analysis of Price Risk Management Strategies in Dairy Farming Using Whole-Farm Simulations. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 45(2), 313–327. doi: 10.1017/s1074070800004764
Robison, L. J., & Barry, P. J. (1987). Competitive Firm’s Response to Risk. Macmillan: Collier
Sellappan, N., Nagarajan, D., & Palanikumar, K. (2015). Evaluation Of Risk Priority Number (RPN) in Design Failure Modes And Effects
Analysis (DFMEA) Using Factor Analysis. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 10(14), 34194–34198
Shokoohi, Z., Chizari, A. H., & Asgari, M. (2019). Investigating Bargaining Power of Farmers and Processors in Iran’s Dairy Market. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 51(1), 126–141. doi: 10.1017/aae.2018.26
Simarmata, V. H., Murard, Z. K., & Lubis, A. F. (2015). Pengaruh Kebijakan pada Structure Conduct Performance di Industri Susu (Studi Kasus Tahun 1985 - 2011) = Effect Of Policy on Structure Conduct Performance in Dairy Industry (Study Case Year 1985-2011). (Thesis, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia). Retrieved from http://lib.ui.ac.id/detail?id=20446071&lokasi=lokal
Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution. Milwaukee: William A Tony
Sutarno, & Suswadi. (2017). Analisa Dinamika Dan Kemandirian Kelembagaan Ekonomi Petani Dengan Penerapan Pertanian Organik Bersertifikasi Di Kabupaten Boyolali. National Seminar Proceedings (pp. 220 -240)
Wolf, C. A., & Widmar, N. J. O. (2014). Adoption of Milk and Feed Forward Pricing Methods by Dairy Farmers. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, 46(4), 527–541. doi: 10.1017/s1074070800029084
Yang, H., Klerkx, L., & Leeuwis, C. (2014). Functions and limitations of farmer cooperatives as innovation intermediaries: Findings from China. Agricultural Systems, 127, 115–125. doi: 10.1016/J.AGSY.2014.02.005
Yusdja, Y. (2017). Kebijakan Ekonomi Industri Agribisnis Sapi Perah di Indonesia. Kebijakan Ekonomi Industri Agribisnis Sapi Perah Di
Indonesia, 3(3), 256–268. doi: 10.21082/akp.v3n3.2005.256-268
Zulfikar, Z. (2014). Gambaran Penyakit Infeksius pada Ternak Sapi dan Cara Pencegahan. Jurnal Ilmiah Sains Dan Teknologi, 1(1)1–8.