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December 31, 2023
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September 5, 2024
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Cassava is a strategic commodity that has an influence on the stability of food security and drives industries from small to large scale and from upstream to downstream. Despite the potential and opportunities for developing cassava commodities in Lampung Province, the problems and challenges, especially those related to cassava marketing, are still relatively large. This research was conducted in Labuhan Ratu VI Village, Labuhan Ratu District, East Lampung Regency, Lampung Province in October 2020 - July 2021. The sampling method used was the snowball method. The snowball method is very appropriate to use in research on the topic of trade because it provides a complete description of the characteristics and conditions of marketing channels, the existing conditions of marketing institutions, and the effectiveness of existing trade channels. The research was conducted employing a survey method, and by simple random sampling involving 147 respondents of cassava farmers. The results revealed that cassava marketing consists of 2 channels. Farmer share channel I and II respectively 74% and 86%, while the marketing efficiency value (EP) marketing channel I and II respectively 13.04 % and 10.35%. These results show that marketing channel II is more efficient than marketing channel I because it has a high farmer share and marketing efficiency with a small percentage. This is because in marketing channel II farmers directly sell their cassava to the factory and marketing costs are low. Therefore, farmers are advised to market their products through marketing channel II.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Wan Abbas Zakaria, Lidia Sari Mas Indah, Teguh Endaryanto, Amanda Putra Seta, Dewi Mulia Sari, Dedy Hermawan
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An Examination Of The Efficiency Of Cassava Marketing In East Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, Indonesia. (2024). Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Dan Agribisnis, 23(02), 373–390. https://doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.23.02.373-390
References
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Abassian, M., et al. (2010). Efficiency Of Date Marketing System in Sistan & Baluchestan of Iran; A Marketing Margin Approach. Agricultural Economics, 56(1), 43–50. doi: 10.17221/7/2009-agricecon
Adelakun, O. (2020). Use Of Media Marketing Tools Among Cassava Growers In Oyo State. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 1(1), 148–156. doi: 10.4314/jae.v24i1.15
Anggraini, N., Harianto, H., & Anggraeni, L. (2017). Efisiensi Teknis, Alokatif Dan Ekonomi Pada Usahatani Ubikayu Di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah Provinsi Lampung. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 4(1), 43. doi: 10.29244/jai.2016.4.1.43-56
Arikunto. (2006). Prosedur Penelitian Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek. Rineka Cipta
Arunrat, N., et al. (2021). Comparison Of GHG Emissions And Farmers’ Profit Of Large-Scale And Individual Farming In Rice Production Across Four Regions Of Thailand. Journal Of Cleaner Production, 278(1), 1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123945
Arwan, A., Tinaprilla, N., & Burhanuddin, B. (2023). Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Pilihan Saluran Pemasaran Tandan Buah Segar Pada Perkebunan Rakyat. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 11(1), 39–47. doi: 10.29244/jai.2023.11.1.39-47
Asmarantaka, R. W., et al. (2018). Konsep Pemasaran Agribisnis: Pendekatan Ekonomi Dan Manajemen. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 5(2), 151-164. doi: 10.29244/jai.2017.5.2.151-172
Barbieri, C., & Mshenga. (2008). The Role Of The Firm And Owner Characteristics On The Performance Of Agritourism Farms. Sociologia Ruralis, 48(2), 166-183. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9523.2008.00450.x.
Belete, A. A., & Nigatu, A. G. (2023). Determinants Of Market Participation Among Smallholder Teff Farmers, Empirical Evidence From Central Ethiopia. Environmental Development, 48(2), 22-34. doi: 10.1016/j.envdev.2023.100929
BPS. (2020). Statistik Harga Produsen Pertanian Subsektor Tanaman Pangan, Hortikultura, Dan Perkebunan Rakyat Tahun 2020. BPS Provinsi Lampung. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2019/05/08/0982b68e108e294f67a98699/statistik-harga-produsen-pertanian-subsektor-tanaman-pangan--hortikultura-dan-tanaman-perkebunan-rakyat-2018.html
Donkor, E. (2018). Determinants Of Farmer Participation In Direct Marketing Channels: A Case Study For Cassava In The Oyo State Of Nigeria. Panish Journal Of Agricultural Research, 16(2), 1-17. doi: 10.5424/sjar/2018162-12076
Egwuma, H., et al. (2020). Analysis Of Structure And Efficiency Of Cassava Marketing In Ado-Ekiti Local Government Area Of Ekiti State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal Of Basic And Applied Sciences, 27(2), 62–69. doi: 10.4314/njbas.v27i2.9
Enesi, R. O., et al. (2022). Effects Of Expanding Cassava Planting And Harvesting Windows On Root Yield, Starch Content And Revenue In Southwestern Nigeria. Field Crops Research, 286(7), 108-120. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108639
Herdhiansyah, D. (2021). Analysis Of The Trading Margin Of Micro Scale Tempe Processing Business In South Konawe Regency. Jurnal Agroindustri Halal, 7(1), 9–17. doi: 10.30997/jah.v7i1.3373
Hudson, D. (2007). Agricultural Markets And Prices. Daren: Blackwell Publishing
Indah, L. S. M., Zakaria, W. A., & Prasmatiwi, F. E. (2015). Analisis Efisiensi Produksi Dan Pendapatan Usahatani Padi Sawah Pada Lahan Irigasi Teknis Dan Lahan Tadah Hujan Di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. JIIA, 3(3), 228–234. doi: 10.23960/jiia.v3i3.1046
Indhumathi, C., et al. (2021). Study On Marketing Channels Of Black Pepper In Kolli Hills Of Namakkal District In Tamil Nadu. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology, 39(11), 327–334. doi: 10.9734/ajaees/2021/v39i1130757
Kuwornu, J. K. M. (2018). Bargaining Power, Market Risk, And Coordination Costs In The Cassava Starch Marketing Channel In Thailand: A Three Stage Principal-Agent Model And Application. International Journal Of Value Chain Management, 9(2), 168–186. doi: 10.1504/IJVCM.2018.092393
Li, J., Ma, W., & Gong, B. (2023). Market Participation And Subjective Well-Being Of Maize Farmers. Economic Analysis And Policy, 80(1), 941–960. doi: 10.1016/j.eap.2023.09.037
Liao, P. A., et al. (2017). Diversification Of Marketing Strategies Among Small Farms: Empirical Evidence From Family Farms In Taiwan. Agricultural Economics (Czech Republic), 63(11), 493–501. doi: 10.17221/148/2016-AGRICECON
Lifianthi, L., Rosana, E., & Thirtawati, T. (2022). Marketing Functions And Farmer’s Share Of Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunch Of Self-Support Farmers In Banyuasin Regency South Sumatra. Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Dan Agribisnis, 21(2), 255–270. doi: 10.31186/jagrisep.21.2.255-270
Matin, M. A., et al. (2017). Rural Marketing And Sales (1st Ed.). Bogra, Bangladesh: Director General Rural Development Academy (RDA). Retrieved from https://rda.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/rda.portal.gov.bd/page/f06eed28_919e_4f59_8731_6c5922597d4c/07%20Rural%20Marketing%20and%20Sales.pdf
Mauki, C., Jeckoniah, J., & Massawe, G. D. (2023). Smallholder Rice Farmers Profitability In Agricultural Marketing Co-Operative Societies In Tanzania: A Case Of Mvomero And Mbarali Districts. Heliyon, 9(6), 17-32. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17039
Mervin, D. (2023). Structure, Conduct, Performance. Canadian Economic Forecasting, 11(1), 88–107. doi: 10.1515/9780773561465-007
Ministry of Agriculture. (2020). Outlook For Cassava Food Crops Agricultural Commodities. Center For Agricultural Data And Information Systems. Ministry Of Agriculture Of Indonesia. Retrieved from https://satudata.pertanian.go.id/details/publikasi/225
Miranda, V., Yusalina, Y., & Asmarantaka, R. W. (2023). Efisiensi Pemasaran Kopi Robusta Di Kabupaten Bogor. Forum Agribisnis, 13(1), 95–109. doi: 10.29244/fagb.13.1.95-109
Mtunguja, M. K. (2019). Opportunities To Commercialize Cassava Production For Poverty Alleviation And Improved Food Security In Tanzania. African Journal Of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition And Development, 19(1), 13928–13946. doi: 10.18697/AJFAND.84.BLFB1037
Mwololo, H. M., Nzuma, J. M., & Githinji, L. M. (2022). Determinants Of Farmer Empowerment In Agriculture In Kenya: A Tobit Approach. Heliyon, 8(12), 18-29. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11888
Nasir, M. A., & Qori’ah, C. G. (2020). Transaction Cost And Market Development Of Cassava Production In Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia. E3S Web Of Conferences, 142(1), 1-6. doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202014205005
Nazriah, A. (2020). Improvement Strategy Of Farmers Well-Being For Sustainable Agricultural Industry. Kaav International Journal Of Law, Finance & Industrial Relations, 7(2), 22-38. doi: 10.52458/23492589.2020.v7.iss2.kp.a4
Negi, S. (2019). Wholesalers Perspectives On Mango Supply Chain Efficiency In India. Journal Of Agribusiness In Developing And Emerging Economies, 9(2), 175–200. doi: 10.1108/JADEE-02-2018-0032
Pangemanan, S. P., Lumenta, I. D. R., & Maliangkay, T. (2023). Farmer’s Share, Margin Dan Efisiensi Pemasaran Telur Ayam Ras. Jambura Journal Of Animal Science, 5(2), 82–89. doi: 10.35900/jjas.v5i2.19480
Rosmawati, H. (2011). Analisis Efisiensi Pemasaran Pisang Produksi Petani Di Kecamatan Lengkiti Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu. Agronobis, 3(5), 1–9. Retrieved from https://adoc.pub/analisis-efisiensi-pemasaran-pisang-produksi-petani-di-kecam.html
Saputra, R. (2022). Analisis Pemasaran Dan Strategi Pengembangan Usahatani Ubi Kayu Di Kelurahan Balai Raja Kecamatan Pinggir Kabupaten Bengkalis Provinsi Riau. Dinamika Pertanian, 37(3), 273–284. doi: 10.25299/dp.2021.vol37(3).8937
Soekartawi. (2002). Prinsip Dasar Ekonomi Pertanian. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada
Suryaningrat, I. B., Amilia, W., & Choiron, M. (2015). Current Condition Of Agroindustrial Supply Chain Of Cassava Products: A Case Survey Of East Java, Indonesia. Agriculture And Agricultural Science Procedia, 3(2), 137–142. doi: 10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.01.027
Tirra, A. N., et al. (2019). Determinants Of Participation Decision In Cassava Marketing By Smallholder Farmers In Taita-Taveta And Kilifi Counties, Kenya. Journal Of Agricultural Science, 11(17), 98-112. doi: 10.5539/jas.v11n17p98
Ullah, A., et al. (2022). The Effect Of COVID-19 Pandemic On Market Integration: Evidence From Vegetable Farmers In Pakistan. International Journal Of Disaster Risk Reduction, 80(2), 1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103220
Umberger, et al. (2015). Market-Channel Choices Of Indonesian Potato Farmers: A Best–Worst Scaling Experiment. Bulletin Of Indonesian Economic Studies, 51(3), 467–477. doi: 10.1080/00074918.2015.1108389
Walter, O. (2018). Value Chain And Marketing Margins Of Cassava: An Assessment Of Cassava Marketing In Northern Uganda. African Journal Of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition And Development, 18(1), 13226–13238. doi: 10.1504/IJVCM.2019.100929
Yusmel, M. R., Afrianto, E., & Fikriman, F. (2019). Faktor-Faktor Sosial Ekonomi Yang Mempengaruhi Keberhasilan Produktivitas Petani Padi Sawah Di Desa Seling Kecamatan Tabir Kabupaten Merangin. Jurnal Agri Sains, 3(1), 1-13. doi: 10.36355/jas.v3i1.265
Zakaria,.W. A, et al. (2019). Similarity Income Levels And Factors That Influence The Unsustainability Of Cassava (Manihot utilissima) Partnership In Lampung Province, Indonesia. International Journal Of Multicultural And Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU), 6(4), 570-580. doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v6i4.1096
References
Abassian, M., et al. (2010). Efficiency Of Date Marketing System in Sistan & Baluchestan of Iran; A Marketing Margin Approach. Agricultural Economics, 56(1), 43–50. doi: 10.17221/7/2009-agricecon
Adelakun, O. (2020). Use Of Media Marketing Tools Among Cassava Growers In Oyo State. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 1(1), 148–156. doi: 10.4314/jae.v24i1.15
Anggraini, N., Harianto, H., & Anggraeni, L. (2017). Efisiensi Teknis, Alokatif Dan Ekonomi Pada Usahatani Ubikayu Di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah Provinsi Lampung. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 4(1), 43. doi: 10.29244/jai.2016.4.1.43-56
Arikunto. (2006). Prosedur Penelitian Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek. Rineka Cipta
Arunrat, N., et al. (2021). Comparison Of GHG Emissions And Farmers’ Profit Of Large-Scale And Individual Farming In Rice Production Across Four Regions Of Thailand. Journal Of Cleaner Production, 278(1), 1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123945
Arwan, A., Tinaprilla, N., & Burhanuddin, B. (2023). Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Pilihan Saluran Pemasaran Tandan Buah Segar Pada Perkebunan Rakyat. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 11(1), 39–47. doi: 10.29244/jai.2023.11.1.39-47
Asmarantaka, R. W., et al. (2018). Konsep Pemasaran Agribisnis: Pendekatan Ekonomi Dan Manajemen. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 5(2), 151-164. doi: 10.29244/jai.2017.5.2.151-172
Barbieri, C., & Mshenga. (2008). The Role Of The Firm And Owner Characteristics On The Performance Of Agritourism Farms. Sociologia Ruralis, 48(2), 166-183. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9523.2008.00450.x.
Belete, A. A., & Nigatu, A. G. (2023). Determinants Of Market Participation Among Smallholder Teff Farmers, Empirical Evidence From Central Ethiopia. Environmental Development, 48(2), 22-34. doi: 10.1016/j.envdev.2023.100929
BPS. (2020). Statistik Harga Produsen Pertanian Subsektor Tanaman Pangan, Hortikultura, Dan Perkebunan Rakyat Tahun 2020. BPS Provinsi Lampung. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2019/05/08/0982b68e108e294f67a98699/statistik-harga-produsen-pertanian-subsektor-tanaman-pangan--hortikultura-dan-tanaman-perkebunan-rakyat-2018.html
Donkor, E. (2018). Determinants Of Farmer Participation In Direct Marketing Channels: A Case Study For Cassava In The Oyo State Of Nigeria. Panish Journal Of Agricultural Research, 16(2), 1-17. doi: 10.5424/sjar/2018162-12076
Egwuma, H., et al. (2020). Analysis Of Structure And Efficiency Of Cassava Marketing In Ado-Ekiti Local Government Area Of Ekiti State, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal Of Basic And Applied Sciences, 27(2), 62–69. doi: 10.4314/njbas.v27i2.9
Enesi, R. O., et al. (2022). Effects Of Expanding Cassava Planting And Harvesting Windows On Root Yield, Starch Content And Revenue In Southwestern Nigeria. Field Crops Research, 286(7), 108-120. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2022.108639
Herdhiansyah, D. (2021). Analysis Of The Trading Margin Of Micro Scale Tempe Processing Business In South Konawe Regency. Jurnal Agroindustri Halal, 7(1), 9–17. doi: 10.30997/jah.v7i1.3373
Hudson, D. (2007). Agricultural Markets And Prices. Daren: Blackwell Publishing
Indah, L. S. M., Zakaria, W. A., & Prasmatiwi, F. E. (2015). Analisis Efisiensi Produksi Dan Pendapatan Usahatani Padi Sawah Pada Lahan Irigasi Teknis Dan Lahan Tadah Hujan Di Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. JIIA, 3(3), 228–234. doi: 10.23960/jiia.v3i3.1046
Indhumathi, C., et al. (2021). Study On Marketing Channels Of Black Pepper In Kolli Hills Of Namakkal District In Tamil Nadu. Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology, 39(11), 327–334. doi: 10.9734/ajaees/2021/v39i1130757
Kuwornu, J. K. M. (2018). Bargaining Power, Market Risk, And Coordination Costs In The Cassava Starch Marketing Channel In Thailand: A Three Stage Principal-Agent Model And Application. International Journal Of Value Chain Management, 9(2), 168–186. doi: 10.1504/IJVCM.2018.092393
Li, J., Ma, W., & Gong, B. (2023). Market Participation And Subjective Well-Being Of Maize Farmers. Economic Analysis And Policy, 80(1), 941–960. doi: 10.1016/j.eap.2023.09.037
Liao, P. A., et al. (2017). Diversification Of Marketing Strategies Among Small Farms: Empirical Evidence From Family Farms In Taiwan. Agricultural Economics (Czech Republic), 63(11), 493–501. doi: 10.17221/148/2016-AGRICECON
Lifianthi, L., Rosana, E., & Thirtawati, T. (2022). Marketing Functions And Farmer’s Share Of Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunch Of Self-Support Farmers In Banyuasin Regency South Sumatra. Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Dan Agribisnis, 21(2), 255–270. doi: 10.31186/jagrisep.21.2.255-270
Matin, M. A., et al. (2017). Rural Marketing And Sales (1st Ed.). Bogra, Bangladesh: Director General Rural Development Academy (RDA). Retrieved from https://rda.portal.gov.bd/sites/default/files/files/rda.portal.gov.bd/page/f06eed28_919e_4f59_8731_6c5922597d4c/07%20Rural%20Marketing%20and%20Sales.pdf
Mauki, C., Jeckoniah, J., & Massawe, G. D. (2023). Smallholder Rice Farmers Profitability In Agricultural Marketing Co-Operative Societies In Tanzania: A Case Of Mvomero And Mbarali Districts. Heliyon, 9(6), 17-32. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17039
Mervin, D. (2023). Structure, Conduct, Performance. Canadian Economic Forecasting, 11(1), 88–107. doi: 10.1515/9780773561465-007
Ministry of Agriculture. (2020). Outlook For Cassava Food Crops Agricultural Commodities. Center For Agricultural Data And Information Systems. Ministry Of Agriculture Of Indonesia. Retrieved from https://satudata.pertanian.go.id/details/publikasi/225
Miranda, V., Yusalina, Y., & Asmarantaka, R. W. (2023). Efisiensi Pemasaran Kopi Robusta Di Kabupaten Bogor. Forum Agribisnis, 13(1), 95–109. doi: 10.29244/fagb.13.1.95-109
Mtunguja, M. K. (2019). Opportunities To Commercialize Cassava Production For Poverty Alleviation And Improved Food Security In Tanzania. African Journal Of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition And Development, 19(1), 13928–13946. doi: 10.18697/AJFAND.84.BLFB1037
Mwololo, H. M., Nzuma, J. M., & Githinji, L. M. (2022). Determinants Of Farmer Empowerment In Agriculture In Kenya: A Tobit Approach. Heliyon, 8(12), 18-29. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11888
Nasir, M. A., & Qori’ah, C. G. (2020). Transaction Cost And Market Development Of Cassava Production In Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia. E3S Web Of Conferences, 142(1), 1-6. doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202014205005
Nazriah, A. (2020). Improvement Strategy Of Farmers Well-Being For Sustainable Agricultural Industry. Kaav International Journal Of Law, Finance & Industrial Relations, 7(2), 22-38. doi: 10.52458/23492589.2020.v7.iss2.kp.a4
Negi, S. (2019). Wholesalers Perspectives On Mango Supply Chain Efficiency In India. Journal Of Agribusiness In Developing And Emerging Economies, 9(2), 175–200. doi: 10.1108/JADEE-02-2018-0032
Pangemanan, S. P., Lumenta, I. D. R., & Maliangkay, T. (2023). Farmer’s Share, Margin Dan Efisiensi Pemasaran Telur Ayam Ras. Jambura Journal Of Animal Science, 5(2), 82–89. doi: 10.35900/jjas.v5i2.19480
Rosmawati, H. (2011). Analisis Efisiensi Pemasaran Pisang Produksi Petani Di Kecamatan Lengkiti Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu. Agronobis, 3(5), 1–9. Retrieved from https://adoc.pub/analisis-efisiensi-pemasaran-pisang-produksi-petani-di-kecam.html
Saputra, R. (2022). Analisis Pemasaran Dan Strategi Pengembangan Usahatani Ubi Kayu Di Kelurahan Balai Raja Kecamatan Pinggir Kabupaten Bengkalis Provinsi Riau. Dinamika Pertanian, 37(3), 273–284. doi: 10.25299/dp.2021.vol37(3).8937
Soekartawi. (2002). Prinsip Dasar Ekonomi Pertanian. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada
Suryaningrat, I. B., Amilia, W., & Choiron, M. (2015). Current Condition Of Agroindustrial Supply Chain Of Cassava Products: A Case Survey Of East Java, Indonesia. Agriculture And Agricultural Science Procedia, 3(2), 137–142. doi: 10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.01.027
Tirra, A. N., et al. (2019). Determinants Of Participation Decision In Cassava Marketing By Smallholder Farmers In Taita-Taveta And Kilifi Counties, Kenya. Journal Of Agricultural Science, 11(17), 98-112. doi: 10.5539/jas.v11n17p98
Ullah, A., et al. (2022). The Effect Of COVID-19 Pandemic On Market Integration: Evidence From Vegetable Farmers In Pakistan. International Journal Of Disaster Risk Reduction, 80(2), 1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103220
Umberger, et al. (2015). Market-Channel Choices Of Indonesian Potato Farmers: A Best–Worst Scaling Experiment. Bulletin Of Indonesian Economic Studies, 51(3), 467–477. doi: 10.1080/00074918.2015.1108389
Walter, O. (2018). Value Chain And Marketing Margins Of Cassava: An Assessment Of Cassava Marketing In Northern Uganda. African Journal Of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition And Development, 18(1), 13226–13238. doi: 10.1504/IJVCM.2019.100929
Yusmel, M. R., Afrianto, E., & Fikriman, F. (2019). Faktor-Faktor Sosial Ekonomi Yang Mempengaruhi Keberhasilan Produktivitas Petani Padi Sawah Di Desa Seling Kecamatan Tabir Kabupaten Merangin. Jurnal Agri Sains, 3(1), 1-13. doi: 10.36355/jas.v3i1.265
Zakaria,.W. A, et al. (2019). Similarity Income Levels And Factors That Influence The Unsustainability Of Cassava (Manihot utilissima) Partnership In Lampung Province, Indonesia. International Journal Of Multicultural And Multireligious Understanding (IJMMU), 6(4), 570-580. doi: 10.18415/ijmmu.v6i4.1096
Adelakun, O. (2020). Use Of Media Marketing Tools Among Cassava Growers In Oyo State. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 1(1), 148–156. doi: 10.4314/jae.v24i1.15
Anggraini, N., Harianto, H., & Anggraeni, L. (2017). Efisiensi Teknis, Alokatif Dan Ekonomi Pada Usahatani Ubikayu Di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah Provinsi Lampung. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 4(1), 43. doi: 10.29244/jai.2016.4.1.43-56
Arikunto. (2006). Prosedur Penelitian Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek. Rineka Cipta
Arunrat, N., et al. (2021). Comparison Of GHG Emissions And Farmers’ Profit Of Large-Scale And Individual Farming In Rice Production Across Four Regions Of Thailand. Journal Of Cleaner Production, 278(1), 1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123945
Arwan, A., Tinaprilla, N., & Burhanuddin, B. (2023). Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Pilihan Saluran Pemasaran Tandan Buah Segar Pada Perkebunan Rakyat. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 11(1), 39–47. doi: 10.29244/jai.2023.11.1.39-47
Asmarantaka, R. W., et al. (2018). Konsep Pemasaran Agribisnis: Pendekatan Ekonomi Dan Manajemen. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 5(2), 151-164. doi: 10.29244/jai.2017.5.2.151-172
Barbieri, C., & Mshenga. (2008). The Role Of The Firm And Owner Characteristics On The Performance Of Agritourism Farms. Sociologia Ruralis, 48(2), 166-183. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9523.2008.00450.x.
Belete, A. A., & Nigatu, A. G. (2023). Determinants Of Market Participation Among Smallholder Teff Farmers, Empirical Evidence From Central Ethiopia. Environmental Development, 48(2), 22-34. doi: 10.1016/j.envdev.2023.100929
BPS. (2020). Statistik Harga Produsen Pertanian Subsektor Tanaman Pangan, Hortikultura, Dan Perkebunan Rakyat Tahun 2020. BPS Provinsi Lampung. Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2019/05/08/0982b68e108e294f67a98699/statistik-harga-produsen-pertanian-subsektor-tanaman-pangan--hortikultura-dan-tanaman-perkebunan-rakyat-2018.html
Donkor, E. (2018). Determinants Of Farmer Participation In Direct Marketing Channels: A Case Study For Cassava In The Oyo State Of Nigeria. Panish Journal Of Agricultural Research, 16(2), 1-17. doi: 10.5424/sjar/2018162-12076
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