Main Article Content
Abstract
Vegetable candle (sayur lilin in Indonesia) (Saccharum edule) is a traditional food typical of North Maluku, which is processed from sugarcane flowers and cooked using coconut milk. The application of canning technology acts as an effective preservation method to increase the shelf life of products while ensuring food safety. This research aims to analyze added value and formulate the right development strategy for the canned vegetable candle industry. This study uses SWOT analysis and value-added analysis with the Hayami approach. A study of the data revealed that canned vegetable candles had a 70.57% enhanced value ratio. The internal conditions of the business were in the moderate category, while the external environment showed strong conditions. Based on the IE matrix, the canned vegetable business is in Quadrant II with a growth and building strategy position. Thus, the best options for development are market entry tactics, market development, and product development. The SWOT analysis and added value results also indicate that canned veggies have a lot of room for growth. Recommended strategies include promotion through social media, product socialization, collaboration with relevant stakeholders and local governments, and adaptation of recipes to increase product competitiveness.
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2026 Hamidin Rasulu, Angela Wulansari, Nurjanna Albaar, Janiah Husen, Ikrima M. Mustafa, Suwito, Juharni

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References
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- Amirshenava, S., & Osanloo, M. (2022). Strategic Planning of Post-Mining Land Uses: A Semi-Quantitative Approach Based on the SWOT Analysis and IE Matrix. Resources Policy, 76, 718-726. doi: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102585
- Andarwulan, N., et al. (2012). Polyphenols, Carotenoids, and Ascorbic Acid in Underutilized Medicinal Vegetables. Journal of Functional Foods, 4(1), 339-347. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2012.01.003
- Ariyamuthu, R., Albert, V. R., & Je, S. (2022). An Overview of Food Preservation Using Conventional and Modern Methods. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 10(3), 70-79. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20221003.13
- Aryee, R., Adaku, E., Quayson, S., & Tetteh, E. O. A. (2024). The Returned Product‐Process Matrix: A Decision‐Making Framework for Reverse Logistics Operations Strategic Choice. Business Strategy & Development, 7(2), 364-375. doi: 10.1002/bsd2.364
- Becker, L., et al. (2011). Tough Package, Strong Taste: The Influence of Packaging Design on Taste Impressions and Product Evaluations. Food Quality and Preference, 22(1), 17-23. doi: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2010.06.007
- Benzaghta, M. A., et al. (2021). SWOT Analysis Applications: An Integrative Literature Review. Journal of Global Business Insights, 6(1), 55-73. doi: 10.5038/2640-6489.6.1.1148
- Cash, J. N., & Sinha, N. K. (2023). Canning of Vegetables. Processing Vegetables. Routledge
- David, F. R. (2015). Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases, 15th Edition. Pearson
- Deak, T., & Mohácsi-Farkas, C. (2023). Thermal Treatment. Food Safety Management. Academic Press
- Dhuey, E., Ruffley, K., & Pascall, M. A. (2022). Characterization of Morphological Changes to an Epoxy-Based Polymer Used as a Corrosion-Preventative Lining in Retorted Canned Tomatoes. Journal of Food Engineering, 313, 421-429. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110753
- Ganeson, K., et al. (2023). Smart Packaging−A Pragmatic Solution to Approach Sustainable Food Waste Management. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 36, 101044. doi: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2023.101044
- Gurel, E., & Tat, M. (2017). SWOT Analysis: A Theoretical Review. The Journal of International Social Research, 10, 994-1006. doi: 10.17719/jisr.2017.1832
- Handayani, B. R., et al. (2023). Physical and Sensory Quality of Canned “Rarang” Chicken under Sterilization Time Difference. International Conference on Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources (IC-FANRES 2022), 282-290. doi: 10.2991/978-94-6463-274-3_24
- Hayami, Y., et al. (1987). Agricultural Marketing and Processing in Upland Java, A Perspective from Sunda Village. CGPRT Centre
- Jakub, S., Viera, B., and Eva, K. (2015). Economic Value Added as a Measurement Tool of Financial Performance. Procedia Economics and Finance, 26, 484-489. doi: 10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00877-1
- Keller. P. K. (2016). Marketing Management. Pearson
- Kuncari, E. S. (2017). Fatty Acid Profile and Starch Content from Flowers and Flower Sheath of Terubuk (Saccharum edule Hassk). International Symposium on Bioeconomics of Natural Resources Utilization (ISBINARU) 2017, 82-89. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335542863_Fatty_Acid_profile_Sugar_and_Starch_Content_from_Flowers_and_Flower_Sheath_of_Terubuk_Saccharum_edule_Hassk
- Leliga, F. J., Koapaha, J. D., & Sulu, A. C. (2019). Analysis of Internal Factor Evaluation Matrix, External Factor Evaluation Matrix, Threats-Opportunities-Weaknesses-Strengths Matrix, and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix on Milk Products and Nutrition Segment of Nestlé India. East African Scholars Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 2(4), 186-191. doi: 10.36349/easjebm.2019.v02i04.005
- Mukheed, M., & Alisha, K. (2020). Plastic Pollution in Pakistan: Environmental and Health Implications. Journal Pollution Effects Control, 4, 251-258. doi: 10.35248/2375-4397.20.8.251
- Müller, A., & Süßbauer, E. (2022). Disposable But Indispensable: The Role of Packaging in Everyday Food Consumption. European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 9(3), 299–325. doi: 10.1080/23254823.2022.2107158
- Ogundipe, D. O., Babatunde, S. O., & Abaku, E. A. (2024). AI and Product Management: A Theoretical Overview from Idea to Market. International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 6(3), 950-969. doi: 10.51594/ijmer.v6i3.965
- Otto, S., et al. (2021). Food Packaging and Sustainability–Consumer Perception Vs. Correlated Scientific Facts: A Review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 298, 126733, 763-770. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126733
- Pentury, M. M., Koleangan, G. S. J., & Runtuwene, M. R. J. (2017). Kandungan Nilai Gizi pada Sayur Lilin (Saccharum edule Hasskarl) Makanan Khas di Halmahera Utara, Maluku Utara Sebelum dan Sesudah Pengolahan. Pharmacon, 6(4). doi: 10.35799/pha.6.2017.17838
- Quezada, L. E., et al. (2019). Measuring Performance Using SWOT Analysis and Balanced Scorecard. Procedia Manufacturing, 39, 786-793. doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2020.01.430
- Ruippo, L., et al. (2023). It Probably Could've Done with Less Plastic-Consumers' Cyclical and Uneasy Relationship with Food Packaging. Frontiers in Sustainability, 4, 1176559. 1-10. doi: 10.3389/Frsus.2023.1176559
- Saraswati, P., et al. (2011). The Diversity and Cultivation System of Saccharum edule L. and Its Role as an Edible Plant Source in Papua, Indonesia. International Symposium on Underutilized Plant Species: Crops for the Future-Beyond Food Security, 979, 373-380. doi: 10.17660/Actahortic.2013.979.40
- Sukmawani, R., Meilani, E. H., & Ramdan, A. (2017). Developing Strategy of Terubuk Farming (Saccharum Edule Hasskarl). International Journal of Agricultural Research and Crop Sciences, 1(4), 4-8. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342697840
- Sukmawani, R., Astutiningsih, E. T., Meilani, E. H., & Ratnasari, J. (2022). Sustainable Agriculture Leads to Zero Hunger: Economic Potential of Terubuk (Saccharum edule Hasskarl). IKSAD Publishing House
- Tokur, B., & Korkmaz K. (2019). Novel Thermal Sterilization Technologies in Seafood Processing, in Innovative Technologies in Seafood Processing. CRC Press
- Tomé, L. L., et al. (2024). Educational Actions about Good Manufacturing Practices of Canned Fruits and Vegetables for Health Inspectors: A Partnership Between University and Health Surveillance. International Journal Of Food Science & Technology, 59(4), 2458-2471. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.16976
- Tortella, B. D., & Brusco, S. (2003). The Economic Value Added (Eva): An Analysis of Market Reaction. Advances In Accounting, 20, 265-290. doi: 10.1016/S0882-6110(03)20012-2
- Vasile, C., & Baican, M. 2021. Progresses in Food Packaging, Food Quality, and Safety—Controlled-Release Antioxidant and/or Antimicrobial Packaging. Molecules, 26(5), 1-49. doi: 10.3390/molecules26051263
- Velbel, M. A., et al. (2022). Planning Implications Related to Sterilization-Sensitive Science Investigations Associated with Mars Sample Return (MSR). Astrobiology, 22(1), 112-164. doi: 10.1089/Ast.2021.0113
- Wahyudin, W., Herwanto, D., & Nugraha, B. (2024). MSME Strategy Planning Using the SWOT and IE Matrix Analysis Approach. International Journal of Economics Development Research (IJEDR), 5(1), 76-84. doi: 10.37385/ijedr.v5i2.4687
- Wang, H., Ab Gani, M. A. A., & Liu, C. (2023). Impact of Snack Food Packaging Design Characteristics on Consumer Purchase Decisions. Sage Open, 13(2), 1-15. doi: 10.1177/21582440231167
- Wang, J., (2024). A Study of Marketing Capabilities and Their Performance Impact Based on SWOT Matrix Modeling. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1), 1-19. doi: 10.2478/amns-2024-1001
- Wardhani, F. K., & Dini, A. (2020). Strategy Formulation Using SWOT Analysis, SPACE Matrix, and QSPM: A Conceptual Framework. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 5(5), 1520-1527. Retrieved from https://ijisrt.com/assets/upload/files/IJISRT20MAY866_(1).pdf
- Widowati, I., et al. (2021). Thermal Sterilization and Storage Time of Culinary Megono Lactogenic Safety, International Scientific Journal Theoretical & Applied Science, 98(6), 556-563. doi: 10.15863/TAS.2021.06.98.66
- Wijayanti, F. W., & Fara, S. B. (2021). Analysis of Nutritional Composition of Five Growing Waxy Vegetable Varieties in West Halmahera Regency, North Maluku. Agrologia, 10(1), 39-44. doi: 10.30598/ajibt.v10i1.1297
- Wohner, B., Pauer, E., Heinrich, V., & Tacker, M. (2019). Packaging-Related Food Losses and Waste: An Overview of Drivers and Issues. Sustainability, 11(1), 1-15. doi:10.3390/su11010264
- Zheng, J., Tian, L., & Bayen, S. (2023). Chemical Contaminants in Canned Food and Can-Packaged Food: A Review. Critical Reviews In Food Science And Nutrition, 63(16), 2687-2718. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1980369
References
Agyekum, E. B., Ansah, M. N. S., & Afornu, K. B. (2020). Nuclear Energy for Sustainable Development: SWOT Analysis on Ghana’s Nuclear Agenda. Energy Reports, 6, 107-115. doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2019.11.163
Amirshenava, S., & Osanloo, M. (2022). Strategic Planning of Post-Mining Land Uses: A Semi-Quantitative Approach Based on the SWOT Analysis and IE Matrix. Resources Policy, 76, 718-726. doi: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.102585
Andarwulan, N., et al. (2012). Polyphenols, Carotenoids, and Ascorbic Acid in Underutilized Medicinal Vegetables. Journal of Functional Foods, 4(1), 339-347. doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2012.01.003
Ariyamuthu, R., Albert, V. R., & Je, S. (2022). An Overview of Food Preservation Using Conventional and Modern Methods. Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences, 10(3), 70-79. doi: 10.11648/j.jfns.20221003.13
Aryee, R., Adaku, E., Quayson, S., & Tetteh, E. O. A. (2024). The Returned Product‐Process Matrix: A Decision‐Making Framework for Reverse Logistics Operations Strategic Choice. Business Strategy & Development, 7(2), 364-375. doi: 10.1002/bsd2.364
Becker, L., et al. (2011). Tough Package, Strong Taste: The Influence of Packaging Design on Taste Impressions and Product Evaluations. Food Quality and Preference, 22(1), 17-23. doi: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2010.06.007
Benzaghta, M. A., et al. (2021). SWOT Analysis Applications: An Integrative Literature Review. Journal of Global Business Insights, 6(1), 55-73. doi: 10.5038/2640-6489.6.1.1148
Cash, J. N., & Sinha, N. K. (2023). Canning of Vegetables. Processing Vegetables. Routledge
David, F. R. (2015). Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases, 15th Edition. Pearson
Deak, T., & Mohácsi-Farkas, C. (2023). Thermal Treatment. Food Safety Management. Academic Press
Dhuey, E., Ruffley, K., & Pascall, M. A. (2022). Characterization of Morphological Changes to an Epoxy-Based Polymer Used as a Corrosion-Preventative Lining in Retorted Canned Tomatoes. Journal of Food Engineering, 313, 421-429. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110753
Ganeson, K., et al. (2023). Smart Packaging−A Pragmatic Solution to Approach Sustainable Food Waste Management. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 36, 101044. doi: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2023.101044
Gurel, E., & Tat, M. (2017). SWOT Analysis: A Theoretical Review. The Journal of International Social Research, 10, 994-1006. doi: 10.17719/jisr.2017.1832
Handayani, B. R., et al. (2023). Physical and Sensory Quality of Canned “Rarang” Chicken under Sterilization Time Difference. International Conference on Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources (IC-FANRES 2022), 282-290. doi: 10.2991/978-94-6463-274-3_24
Hayami, Y., et al. (1987). Agricultural Marketing and Processing in Upland Java, A Perspective from Sunda Village. CGPRT Centre
Jakub, S., Viera, B., and Eva, K. (2015). Economic Value Added as a Measurement Tool of Financial Performance. Procedia Economics and Finance, 26, 484-489. doi: 10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00877-1
Keller. P. K. (2016). Marketing Management. Pearson
Kuncari, E. S. (2017). Fatty Acid Profile and Starch Content from Flowers and Flower Sheath of Terubuk (Saccharum edule Hassk). International Symposium on Bioeconomics of Natural Resources Utilization (ISBINARU) 2017, 82-89. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335542863_Fatty_Acid_profile_Sugar_and_Starch_Content_from_Flowers_and_Flower_Sheath_of_Terubuk_Saccharum_edule_Hassk
Leliga, F. J., Koapaha, J. D., & Sulu, A. C. (2019). Analysis of Internal Factor Evaluation Matrix, External Factor Evaluation Matrix, Threats-Opportunities-Weaknesses-Strengths Matrix, and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix on Milk Products and Nutrition Segment of Nestlé India. East African Scholars Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 2(4), 186-191. doi: 10.36349/easjebm.2019.v02i04.005
Mukheed, M., & Alisha, K. (2020). Plastic Pollution in Pakistan: Environmental and Health Implications. Journal Pollution Effects Control, 4, 251-258. doi: 10.35248/2375-4397.20.8.251
Müller, A., & Süßbauer, E. (2022). Disposable But Indispensable: The Role of Packaging in Everyday Food Consumption. European Journal of Cultural and Political Sociology, 9(3), 299–325. doi: 10.1080/23254823.2022.2107158
Ogundipe, D. O., Babatunde, S. O., & Abaku, E. A. (2024). AI and Product Management: A Theoretical Overview from Idea to Market. International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research, 6(3), 950-969. doi: 10.51594/ijmer.v6i3.965
Otto, S., et al. (2021). Food Packaging and Sustainability–Consumer Perception Vs. Correlated Scientific Facts: A Review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 298, 126733, 763-770. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126733
Pentury, M. M., Koleangan, G. S. J., & Runtuwene, M. R. J. (2017). Kandungan Nilai Gizi pada Sayur Lilin (Saccharum edule Hasskarl) Makanan Khas di Halmahera Utara, Maluku Utara Sebelum dan Sesudah Pengolahan. Pharmacon, 6(4). doi: 10.35799/pha.6.2017.17838
Quezada, L. E., et al. (2019). Measuring Performance Using SWOT Analysis and Balanced Scorecard. Procedia Manufacturing, 39, 786-793. doi: 10.1016/j.promfg.2020.01.430
Ruippo, L., et al. (2023). It Probably Could've Done with Less Plastic-Consumers' Cyclical and Uneasy Relationship with Food Packaging. Frontiers in Sustainability, 4, 1176559. 1-10. doi: 10.3389/Frsus.2023.1176559
Saraswati, P., et al. (2011). The Diversity and Cultivation System of Saccharum edule L. and Its Role as an Edible Plant Source in Papua, Indonesia. International Symposium on Underutilized Plant Species: Crops for the Future-Beyond Food Security, 979, 373-380. doi: 10.17660/Actahortic.2013.979.40
Sukmawani, R., Meilani, E. H., & Ramdan, A. (2017). Developing Strategy of Terubuk Farming (Saccharum Edule Hasskarl). International Journal of Agricultural Research and Crop Sciences, 1(4), 4-8. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342697840
Sukmawani, R., Astutiningsih, E. T., Meilani, E. H., & Ratnasari, J. (2022). Sustainable Agriculture Leads to Zero Hunger: Economic Potential of Terubuk (Saccharum edule Hasskarl). IKSAD Publishing House
Tokur, B., & Korkmaz K. (2019). Novel Thermal Sterilization Technologies in Seafood Processing, in Innovative Technologies in Seafood Processing. CRC Press
Tomé, L. L., et al. (2024). Educational Actions about Good Manufacturing Practices of Canned Fruits and Vegetables for Health Inspectors: A Partnership Between University and Health Surveillance. International Journal Of Food Science & Technology, 59(4), 2458-2471. doi: 10.1111/ijfs.16976
Tortella, B. D., & Brusco, S. (2003). The Economic Value Added (Eva): An Analysis of Market Reaction. Advances In Accounting, 20, 265-290. doi: 10.1016/S0882-6110(03)20012-2
Vasile, C., & Baican, M. 2021. Progresses in Food Packaging, Food Quality, and Safety—Controlled-Release Antioxidant and/or Antimicrobial Packaging. Molecules, 26(5), 1-49. doi: 10.3390/molecules26051263
Velbel, M. A., et al. (2022). Planning Implications Related to Sterilization-Sensitive Science Investigations Associated with Mars Sample Return (MSR). Astrobiology, 22(1), 112-164. doi: 10.1089/Ast.2021.0113
Wahyudin, W., Herwanto, D., & Nugraha, B. (2024). MSME Strategy Planning Using the SWOT and IE Matrix Analysis Approach. International Journal of Economics Development Research (IJEDR), 5(1), 76-84. doi: 10.37385/ijedr.v5i2.4687
Wang, H., Ab Gani, M. A. A., & Liu, C. (2023). Impact of Snack Food Packaging Design Characteristics on Consumer Purchase Decisions. Sage Open, 13(2), 1-15. doi: 10.1177/21582440231167
Wang, J., (2024). A Study of Marketing Capabilities and Their Performance Impact Based on SWOT Matrix Modeling. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1), 1-19. doi: 10.2478/amns-2024-1001
Wardhani, F. K., & Dini, A. (2020). Strategy Formulation Using SWOT Analysis, SPACE Matrix, and QSPM: A Conceptual Framework. International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 5(5), 1520-1527. Retrieved from https://ijisrt.com/assets/upload/files/IJISRT20MAY866_(1).pdf
Widowati, I., et al. (2021). Thermal Sterilization and Storage Time of Culinary Megono Lactogenic Safety, International Scientific Journal Theoretical & Applied Science, 98(6), 556-563. doi: 10.15863/TAS.2021.06.98.66
Wijayanti, F. W., & Fara, S. B. (2021). Analysis of Nutritional Composition of Five Growing Waxy Vegetable Varieties in West Halmahera Regency, North Maluku. Agrologia, 10(1), 39-44. doi: 10.30598/ajibt.v10i1.1297
Wohner, B., Pauer, E., Heinrich, V., & Tacker, M. (2019). Packaging-Related Food Losses and Waste: An Overview of Drivers and Issues. Sustainability, 11(1), 1-15. doi:10.3390/su11010264
Zheng, J., Tian, L., & Bayen, S. (2023). Chemical Contaminants in Canned Food and Can-Packaged Food: A Review. Critical Reviews In Food Science And Nutrition, 63(16), 2687-2718. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1980369