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July 4, 2024
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March 10, 2025
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This study aims to determine the influence of economic factors on food security in Banyumas Regency during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has intensified vulnerabilities in Banyumas, where economic challenges, such as declining GRDP per capita, rising unemployment, and fluctuating food prices, have heightened the risk of food insecurity. As a region reliant on agriculture and local markets, Banyumas struggles to maintain food accessibility and affordability amid disrupted supply chains and reduced income levels. The research uses a descriptive analytical approach, utilizing secondary data from official reports, economic surveys, and government databases. Economic variables such as GRDP per capita, inflation, unemployment rate, and food prices are examined using a multiple linear regression model to assess their influence on food security. The analysis revealed that GRDP per capita (p = .037), unemployment rate (p = .007), and the pandemic (p = .003) significantly affect food security, while inflation approaches significance (p = .065). Interestingly, the price of staple foods, like medium rice, shows no statistically significant effect (p = .875), suggesting stabilizing measures, such as subsidies or price controls, may mitigate price volatility. With an adjusted R-squared value of 0.922, the model demonstrates strong explanatory power. The findings highlight that GRDP per capita and unemployment rates critically influence food security in the region. The study recommends that the government prioritize improving food accessibility and availability by enhancing local food production, expanding distribution channels, and bolstering food security networks.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Pujiyanto, Muhamad Solekan, Dwi Putriana N Kinding
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The Impact of Per Capita GRDP, Inflation, Unemployment, and Food Prices on Food Security in Banyumas Regency During The Covid-19 Pandemic . (2025). Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Dan Agribisnis, 24(01), 79–102. https://doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.24.01.79-102
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Elbehri, A., et al. (2022). COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts On Asia And The Pacific: A Regional Review Of Socioeconomic, Agrifood And Nutrition Impacts And Policy Responses. Retrieved from https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/3b5d915a-90d4-4a4b-9f8d-5448a023a118/content
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Erokhin, V., & Gao, T. (2020). Impacts Of COVID-19 On Trade And Economic Aspects Of Food Security: Evidence From 45 Developing Countries. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health, 17(16), 1–28. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165775
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Faidi, N. F. H. M., et al. (2023). Addressing Food Insecurity Among Malaysian University Students During Covid-19: Implications For Academic Performance. Malaysian Journal Of Public Health Medicine, 23(1), 191–198. doi: 10.37268/mjphm/vol.23/no.1/art.1719
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Gassner, A., et al. (2019). Poverty Eradication And Food Security Through Agriculture In Africa: Rethinking Objectives And Entry Points. Outlook on Agriculture, 48(4), 309–315. doi: 10.1177/0030727019888513
George, T. (2020). A New Look At Agricultural Development And The Non-Agriculture Economy In Low-Income Countries. Global Food Security, 26(1), 1–10. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100449
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Haddad, C., et al. (2020). Association Between Eating Behavior And Quarantine/Confinement Stressors During The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak. Journal of Eating Disorders, 8(1), 1–12. doi: 10.1186/s40337-020-00317-0
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Headey, D. D., & Martin, W. J. (2016). The Impact Of Food Prices On Poverty And Food Security. Annual Review Of Resource Economics, 8(1), 329–351. doi: 10.1146/annurev-resource-100815-095303
Hendriks, S. L., et al. (2020). What Drives Policy Reform? A Cross-Country Review Of Micronutrient Policy Change In Malawi, South Africa, And Zambia. CABI Reviews, 15(29), 1–16. doi: 10.1079/PAVSNNR202015029
Hirvonen, K., De, B. A., & Abate, G. T. (2021). Food Consumption And Food Security During The COVID‐19 Pandemic In Addis Ababa. American Journal Of Agricultural Economics, 103(3), 772–789. doi: 10.1111/ajae.12206
Hossain, S. T. (2020). Impacts Of COVID-19 On The Agri-Food Sector: Food Security Policies Of Asian Productivity Organization Members. Journal Of Agricultural Sciences (Sri Lanka), 15(2), 116–132. doi: 10.4038/jas.v15i2.8794
Hsuan, L. H., & Tzu, Y. H. (2015). Impact Of Unemployment On Crime In Europe. Romanian Economic Journal, 18(57), 3–36. Retrieved from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rej/journl/v18y2015i57p3-36.html
Javed, I., et al. (2020). Performance And Macroeconomic Determinants Of Basmati Rice Exports From Pakistan. Sarhad Journal Of Agriculture, 36(2), 617–624. doi: 10.17582/journal.sja/2020/36.2.617.624
Kakaei, H., et al. (2022). Effect Of COVID-19 On Food Security, Hunger, And Food Crisis. COVID-19 And The Sustainable Development Goals, 3–29. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-91307-2.00005-5
Kalkuhl, M., Von Braun, J , & Torero, M. (2016). Volatile And Extreme Food Prices, Food Security, And Policy: An Overview. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing AG
Keeley, B., Little, C., & Zuehlke, E. (2019). The State of the World’s Children 2019: Children, Food and Nutrition--Growing Well in a Changing World. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/reports/state-of-worlds-children-2019
Komarek, A. M. et al. (2018). Trade-Offs And Synergies Between Yield, Labor, Profit, And Risk In Malawian Maize-Based Cropping Systems. Agronomy For Sustainable Development, 38(1), 1–10. doi: 10.1007/s13593-018-0506-6
Laborde, D., et al. (2020). COVID-19 Risks To Global Food Security. Science, 369(6503), 500–502. doi: 10.1126/science.abc4765
Leininger, J., et al. (2021). The COVID-19 Pandemic And Structural Transformation In Africa: Evidence For Action (No. 11/2021). Discussion Paper. Retrieved from https://www.idos-research.de/uploads/media/DP_11.2021.pdf
Leroy, F., et al. (2023). The Role Of Meat In The Human Diet: Evolutionary Aspects And Nutritional Value. Animal Frontiers, 13(2), 11–18. doi: 10.1093/af/vfac093
Loopstra, R., et al. (2016). Food Insecurity And Social Protection In Europe: Quasi-Natural Experiment Of Europe’s Great Recessions 2004–2012. Preventive Medicine, 89(1), 44–50. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.05.010
Loopstra, R., Reeves, A., & Tarasuk, V. (2019). The Rise Of Hunger Among Low-Income Households: An Analysis Of The Risks Of Food Insecurity Between 2004 And 2016 In A Population-Based Study Of UK Adults. J Epidemiol Community Health, 73(7), 668–674. doi: 10.1136/jech-2018-211194
MacNaughton, G., & Frey, D. F. (2015). Decent Work, Human Rights And The Sustainable Development Goals. Geo. J. Int’l L, 47(1), 607–663. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.2613999
Maja, M. M., & Ayano, S. F. (2021). The Impact Of Population Growth On Natural Resources And Farmers’ Capacity To Adapt To Climate Change In Low-Income Countries. Earth Systems and Environment, 5(2), 271–283. doi: 10.1007/s41748-021-00209-6
Mathini, S., Edirisinghe, J. C., & Kuruppu, V. (2017). Impact Of Domestic Food Prices On Access To Food In Developing Areas In The World. Journal of Agriculture and Environment for International Development (JAEID), 111(1), 63–73. doi: 10.12895/jaeid.20171.542
Matkovski, B., et al. (2020). Determining Food Security In Crisis Conditions: A Comparative Analysis Of The Western Balkans And The EU. Sustainability, 12(23), 1–16. doi: .3390/su12239924
Carthy, Mc. U., et al. (2018). Global Food Security–Issues, Challenges And Technological Solutions. Trends In Food Science & Technology, 77(1), 11–20. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.05.002
Mobarok, M. H., Thompson, W., & Skevas, T. (2021). COVID-19 And Policy Impacts On The Bangladesh Rice Market And Food Security. Sustainability, 13(11), 1-12. doi: 10.3390/su13115981
Nawaz, S., & Iqbal, N. (2020). The Impact Of Unconditional Cash Transfer On Fuel Choices Among Ultra-Poor In Pakistan: Quasi-Experimental Evidence From The Benazir Income Support Program. Energy Policy, 142(1), 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111535
Nord, M., Coleman-Jensen, A., & Gregory, C. (2014). Prevalence Of US Food Insecurity Is Related To Changes In Unemployment, Inflation, And The Price Of Food. Retrieved from https://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/pub-details/?pubid=45216
Pawlak, K., & Kołodziejczak, M. (2020). The Role Of Agriculture In Ensuring Food Security In Developing Countries: Considerations In The Context Of The Problem Of Sustainable Food Production. Sustainability, 12(13), 1–20. doi: 10.3390/su12135488
Pérez, E. R., Cunningham, K., & Moran, V. H. (2020). COVID‐19 And Maternal And Child Food And Nutrition Insecurity: A Complex Syndemic. Maternal & Child Nutrition, 16(3), 1–4. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13036
Pingali, P., & Sunder, N. (2017). Transitioning Toward Nutrition-Sensitive Food Systems In Developing Countries. Annual Review of Resource Economics, 9(1), 439–459. doi: 10.1146/annurev-resource-100516-053552
Pinstrup, A. P., & Watson II, D. D. (2011). Food Policy For Developing Countries: The Role Of Government In Global, National, And Local Food Systems. United States: Cornell University Press
Pollard, C. M., & Booth, S. (2019). Food Insecurity And Hunger In Rich Countries—It Is Time For Action Against Inequality. International Journal Of Environmental Research And Public Health, 16(10), 1-20. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16101804
Poltorak, A. S., et al. (2023). Monitoring Of Relationships Between Indicators Of Food Security Of The States. IOP Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science, 1269(1): 1–14. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1269/1/012001
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