Main Article Content
Abstract
One of the key challenges faced by the peasant movement after occupying disputed land is optimizing its utilization to support sustainable livelihoods. This study investigates land utilization practices following the occupation of abandoned plantation concession in Nanggung District, Bogor Regency. Of the 37 occupied land blocks across three villages in the district, this study focuses on a single block located in Cisarua Village. Employing a mixed-method approach, quantitative data were collected through a census survey of 47 farming households managing land in the selected block, complemented by qualitative data from in-depth interviews and field observations. The findings reveal diverse land utilization orientations—ranging from commercial and subsistence farming to non-agricultural activities—and substantial variations in commodity production and farm income. This diversity is primarily shaped by two factors: (1) individual respondent characteristics, notably farming experience, and (2) household characteristics, particularly landholding size. These findings underscore the importance of improving post-occupation support systems to ensure that land reform leads to long-term socio-economic benefits for peasant households.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ai Siti Nur Assiyah, Mohamad Shohibuddin

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References
- Adamopoulos, T., & Restuccia, D. (2019). Land Reform and Productivity: A Quantitative Analysis. Working Paper 25780. Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research
- Anigbogu, T. U., Agbasi, O. E., Okoli, I. M. (2015). Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Agricultural Production Among Cooperative Farmers in Anambra State, Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics And Management Sciences, 4(3), 40-53. doi: 10.6007/IJAREMS/v4-i3/1876
- Bernstein, H. (2010). Class Dynamics Of Agrarian Change. Colorado: Kumarian Press
- Borras, S. M. Jr. (2007). Pro-Poor Land Reform: A Critique. Ottawa: University Of Ottawa Press
- Bryceson, D. F. (2002). The Scramble in Africa: Reorienting Rural Livelihoods. World Development, 30(5), 725-739. doi: 10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00006-2
- Cousins, B. (2013). Smallholder Irrigation Schemes, Agrarian Reform And ‘Accumulation from Above and from Below’ In South Africa. Journal Of Agrarian Change, 13(1), 116-139. doi: 10.1111/joac.12000
- Deininger, K., & Feder, G. (2001). Land Institutions and Land Markets. Handbook Of Agricultural Economics, 1(1), 287–331. doi: 10.1016/S1574-0072(01)10009-5
- Fabusoro, E. (2009), Use of Collective Action For Land Accessibility Among Settled Fulani Agro-Pastoralists in Southwest Nigeria. Sustainability Science, 4(1), 199–213. doi: 10.1007/s11625-009-0082-4
- Franco, J. C. (2008). Making Land Rights Accessible: Social Movements and Political-Legal Innovation in the Rural Philippines. The Journal of Development Studies, 44(7), 991–1022. doi: 10.1080/00220380802150763
- Hall, R. (2011). Land Grabbing in Southern Africa: The Many Faces of the Investor Rush. Review Of African Political Economy, 38(128), 193–214. doi: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582753
- Hall, D., Hirsch, P. & Li, T. M. (2011). Powers Of Exclusion: Land Dilemmas In Southeast Asia. Singapore: NUS Press
- Hall, R., Scoones, I., & Tsikata, D. (2017). Plantations, Outgrowers and Commercial Farming In Africa: Agricultural Commercialisation and Implications for Agrarian Change. The Journal Of Peasant Studies, 44(3), 515-537. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2016.1263187
- Hapsari, H., et al. (2019). Karakteristik Petani dan Profil Usahatani Ubi Jalar di Kecamatan Arjasari, Kabupaten Bandung. Sosiohumaniora: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 21(3), 247–255. doi: 10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v21i3.21288
- Home, R. (2022). New Directions in Land Reform: An Editorial Overview. Land, 11(2), 160-173. doi: 10.3390/land11020160
- Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria. (2024). Laporan Tahunan Agraria 2023 Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria. Dekade Krisis Agraria: Warisan Nawacita Dan Masa Depan Reforma Agraria Pasca Perubahan Politik 2024. Jakarta: Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria
- Jayne, T. S., Chamberlin, J., Headey, D. D. (2014). Land Pressures, The Evolution of Farming Systems, And Development Strategies in Africa: A Synthesis. Food Policy, 48(1), 1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2014.05.014
- Li, T. M. (2010). Indigeneity, Capitalism, and the Management of Dispossession. Current Anthropology, 51(3), 385-414. doi: 10.1086/651942
- Maulana, I. R., & Shohibuddin, M. (2022). Zona Interaksi Politik Dan Respons Aktor Pemerintah: Kasus Perjuangan Agraria di Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor. Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik, 13(1), 75–100. doi: 10.14710/politika.13.1.2022.75-100
- Maulana, I. R., & Shohibuddin, M. (2024). Pengaruh Gerakan Petani Terhadap Trajectory Perjuangan Reforma Agraria (Kasus Desa Cisarua, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor). Jurnal Sains Komunikasi Dan Pengembangan Masyarakat, 8(2), 49-61. doi: 10.29244/jskpm.v8i02.1504
- Mezmir, E.A. (2020). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Overview Of Data Reduction, Data Display and Interpretation. Research On Humanities and Social Sciences, 10(21), 15-27. doi: 10.7176/RHSS/10-21-02
- Moyo, S. (2011). Land Concentration And Accumulation After Redistributive Reform in Post-Settler Zimbabwe. Review Of African Political Economy, 38(128), 257–276. doi: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582763
- Moyo, S., & Yeros, P. (2005). Reclaiming The Land: The Resurgence Of Rural Movements In Africa, Asia, And Latin America. London: Zed Books
- Passel, S. V., Lauwers, L., & Huylenbroeck, G. V. (2006). Factors Oof Farm Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Structural and Managerial Characteristics. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Guido-Van-Huylenbroeck/publication/228904074_Factors_of_farm_performance_an_empirical_analysis_of_structural_and_managerial_characteristics/links/09e4150654a0ea13bf000000/Factors-of-farm-performance-an-empirical-analysis-of-structural-and-managerial-characteristics.pdf
- Restuccia, D. (2020). The Impact of Land Institutions and Misallocation on Agricultural Productivity. NBER (National Bureau Of Economic Research) Reporter, 1(3), 11-14. doi: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/234001/1/2020number1-3.pdf
- Ribot, J. C. & Peluso, N. L. (2003). A Theory of Access. Rural Sociology, 68(2): 153-181. doi: 10.1111/j.1549-0831.2003.tb00133.x
- Rigg, J. (2006). Land, Farming, Livelihoods, And Poverty: Rethinking The Links in The Rural South. World Development, 34(1), 180-202. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.07.015
- Scoones, I. (2009). Livelihoods Perspectives and Rural Development. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 171–196. doi: 10.1080/03066150902820503
- Setiawan, T., et al. (2022). Reclaiming The Land: Conflict And Resistance in Contemporary Peasant Social Movement. International Journal Of Current Science Research and Review, 5(1): 4054-4061. doi: 10.47191/ijcsrr/V5-i10-31
- Shinta, A. (2011). Ilmu Usahatani. Malang: Universitas Brawijaya Press
- Shohibuddin, M. & Luthfi, A. N. (2010). Landreform Lokal A La Ngandagan: Inovasi Sistem Tenurial Adat di Sebuah Desa Jawa, 1947-1964. Yogyakarta: STPN Press
- Shohibuddin, M. (2010). Managing Land Re/Dis-Possession from Below: History of Biopolitics Countermovement In Two Javanese Rural Communities. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 24(2), 137-154. doi: 10.15294/par.v24i2.3119
- Shohibuddin, M. (2017). Redistribusi Tanah dalam Pertarungan Akses Dan Eksklusi in Martua Sirait. Inklusi, Eksklusi dan Perubahan Agraria: Redistribusi Tanah Kawasan Hutan di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: STPN Press
- Shohibuddin, M. (2020). Artikulasi Islam Nusantara dalam Perjuangan Agraria. Islam Nusantara: Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture, 1(1), 41–88. doi: 10.47776/islamnusantara.v1i1.21
- Shohibuddin, M. & Bahri, A. D. (2019). Perjuangan Keadilan Agraria: Inspirasi Gunawan Wiradi. Bogor: Insist Press, Sajogyo Institute, Bina Desa, Akatiga
- Sirait, M. (2017). Inklusi, Eksklusi Dan Perubahan Agraria: Redistribusi Tanah Kawasan Hutan di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: STPN Press
- Soekartawi. (2006). Analisis Usahatani. Jakarta: UI Press
- Supadi. (2008). Pengusahaan dan Kelembagaan Lahan Pertanian di Berbagai Agroekosistem (Kasus Desa-Desa Patanas). Jurnal Agrisep: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis, 7(1), 19–40. doi: 10.31186/jagrisep.7.2.19-40
- Suratiyah, K. (2015). Ilmu Usaha Tani. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya
- Susanto, N.H. (2015). Gerakan Sosial Petani Desa Banjaranyar dalam Memperjuangkan Lahan Pertanian. Jurnal Penelitian, 12(2): 295–314. Retrieved from http://ejournal.iainpekalongan.ac.id/
- Susilowati, S. H., & Maulana, M. (2012). Luas Lahan Usaha Tani Dan Kesejateraan Petani: Eksistensi Petani Gurem Dan Urgensi Kebijakan Reforma Agraria. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 10(1): 17-30. Retrieved from https://epublikasi.pertanian.go.id/berkala/akp/article/view/1056
- Van, der Ploeg, J. D. (2018). The New Peasantries: Rural Development in Times of Globalization. Routledge: British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
- Wiradi, G. (2019). Metodologi Studi Agraria: Karya Terpilih Gunawan Wiradi. Bogor: Sajogyo Institute, Departemen Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat IPB dan Pusat Kajian Agraria IPB
- Wolford, W. (2010). This Land Is Ours Now: Social Mobilization and the Meanings of Land in Brazil. Durham, NC: Duke University Press
References
Adamopoulos, T., & Restuccia, D. (2019). Land Reform and Productivity: A Quantitative Analysis. Working Paper 25780. Cambridge: National Bureau of Economic Research
Anigbogu, T. U., Agbasi, O. E., Okoli, I. M. (2015). Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Agricultural Production Among Cooperative Farmers in Anambra State, Nigeria. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics And Management Sciences, 4(3), 40-53. doi: 10.6007/IJAREMS/v4-i3/1876
Bernstein, H. (2010). Class Dynamics Of Agrarian Change. Colorado: Kumarian Press
Borras, S. M. Jr. (2007). Pro-Poor Land Reform: A Critique. Ottawa: University Of Ottawa Press
Bryceson, D. F. (2002). The Scramble in Africa: Reorienting Rural Livelihoods. World Development, 30(5), 725-739. doi: 10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00006-2
Cousins, B. (2013). Smallholder Irrigation Schemes, Agrarian Reform And ‘Accumulation from Above and from Below’ In South Africa. Journal Of Agrarian Change, 13(1), 116-139. doi: 10.1111/joac.12000
Deininger, K., & Feder, G. (2001). Land Institutions and Land Markets. Handbook Of Agricultural Economics, 1(1), 287–331. doi: 10.1016/S1574-0072(01)10009-5
Fabusoro, E. (2009), Use of Collective Action For Land Accessibility Among Settled Fulani Agro-Pastoralists in Southwest Nigeria. Sustainability Science, 4(1), 199–213. doi: 10.1007/s11625-009-0082-4
Franco, J. C. (2008). Making Land Rights Accessible: Social Movements and Political-Legal Innovation in the Rural Philippines. The Journal of Development Studies, 44(7), 991–1022. doi: 10.1080/00220380802150763
Hall, R. (2011). Land Grabbing in Southern Africa: The Many Faces of the Investor Rush. Review Of African Political Economy, 38(128), 193–214. doi: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582753
Hall, D., Hirsch, P. & Li, T. M. (2011). Powers Of Exclusion: Land Dilemmas In Southeast Asia. Singapore: NUS Press
Hall, R., Scoones, I., & Tsikata, D. (2017). Plantations, Outgrowers and Commercial Farming In Africa: Agricultural Commercialisation and Implications for Agrarian Change. The Journal Of Peasant Studies, 44(3), 515-537. doi: 10.1080/03066150.2016.1263187
Hapsari, H., et al. (2019). Karakteristik Petani dan Profil Usahatani Ubi Jalar di Kecamatan Arjasari, Kabupaten Bandung. Sosiohumaniora: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 21(3), 247–255. doi: 10.24198/sosiohumaniora.v21i3.21288
Home, R. (2022). New Directions in Land Reform: An Editorial Overview. Land, 11(2), 160-173. doi: 10.3390/land11020160
Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria. (2024). Laporan Tahunan Agraria 2023 Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria. Dekade Krisis Agraria: Warisan Nawacita Dan Masa Depan Reforma Agraria Pasca Perubahan Politik 2024. Jakarta: Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria
Jayne, T. S., Chamberlin, J., Headey, D. D. (2014). Land Pressures, The Evolution of Farming Systems, And Development Strategies in Africa: A Synthesis. Food Policy, 48(1), 1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2014.05.014
Li, T. M. (2010). Indigeneity, Capitalism, and the Management of Dispossession. Current Anthropology, 51(3), 385-414. doi: 10.1086/651942
Maulana, I. R., & Shohibuddin, M. (2022). Zona Interaksi Politik Dan Respons Aktor Pemerintah: Kasus Perjuangan Agraria di Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor. Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik, 13(1), 75–100. doi: 10.14710/politika.13.1.2022.75-100
Maulana, I. R., & Shohibuddin, M. (2024). Pengaruh Gerakan Petani Terhadap Trajectory Perjuangan Reforma Agraria (Kasus Desa Cisarua, Kecamatan Nanggung, Kabupaten Bogor). Jurnal Sains Komunikasi Dan Pengembangan Masyarakat, 8(2), 49-61. doi: 10.29244/jskpm.v8i02.1504
Mezmir, E.A. (2020). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Overview Of Data Reduction, Data Display and Interpretation. Research On Humanities and Social Sciences, 10(21), 15-27. doi: 10.7176/RHSS/10-21-02
Moyo, S. (2011). Land Concentration And Accumulation After Redistributive Reform in Post-Settler Zimbabwe. Review Of African Political Economy, 38(128), 257–276. doi: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582763
Moyo, S., & Yeros, P. (2005). Reclaiming The Land: The Resurgence Of Rural Movements In Africa, Asia, And Latin America. London: Zed Books
Passel, S. V., Lauwers, L., & Huylenbroeck, G. V. (2006). Factors Oof Farm Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Structural and Managerial Characteristics. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Guido-Van-Huylenbroeck/publication/228904074_Factors_of_farm_performance_an_empirical_analysis_of_structural_and_managerial_characteristics/links/09e4150654a0ea13bf000000/Factors-of-farm-performance-an-empirical-analysis-of-structural-and-managerial-characteristics.pdf
Restuccia, D. (2020). The Impact of Land Institutions and Misallocation on Agricultural Productivity. NBER (National Bureau Of Economic Research) Reporter, 1(3), 11-14. doi: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/234001/1/2020number1-3.pdf
Ribot, J. C. & Peluso, N. L. (2003). A Theory of Access. Rural Sociology, 68(2): 153-181. doi: 10.1111/j.1549-0831.2003.tb00133.x
Rigg, J. (2006). Land, Farming, Livelihoods, And Poverty: Rethinking The Links in The Rural South. World Development, 34(1), 180-202. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.07.015
Scoones, I. (2009). Livelihoods Perspectives and Rural Development. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 171–196. doi: 10.1080/03066150902820503
Setiawan, T., et al. (2022). Reclaiming The Land: Conflict And Resistance in Contemporary Peasant Social Movement. International Journal Of Current Science Research and Review, 5(1): 4054-4061. doi: 10.47191/ijcsrr/V5-i10-31
Shinta, A. (2011). Ilmu Usahatani. Malang: Universitas Brawijaya Press
Shohibuddin, M. & Luthfi, A. N. (2010). Landreform Lokal A La Ngandagan: Inovasi Sistem Tenurial Adat di Sebuah Desa Jawa, 1947-1964. Yogyakarta: STPN Press
Shohibuddin, M. (2010). Managing Land Re/Dis-Possession from Below: History of Biopolitics Countermovement In Two Javanese Rural Communities. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 24(2), 137-154. doi: 10.15294/par.v24i2.3119
Shohibuddin, M. (2017). Redistribusi Tanah dalam Pertarungan Akses Dan Eksklusi in Martua Sirait. Inklusi, Eksklusi dan Perubahan Agraria: Redistribusi Tanah Kawasan Hutan di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: STPN Press
Shohibuddin, M. (2020). Artikulasi Islam Nusantara dalam Perjuangan Agraria. Islam Nusantara: Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture, 1(1), 41–88. doi: 10.47776/islamnusantara.v1i1.21
Shohibuddin, M. & Bahri, A. D. (2019). Perjuangan Keadilan Agraria: Inspirasi Gunawan Wiradi. Bogor: Insist Press, Sajogyo Institute, Bina Desa, Akatiga
Sirait, M. (2017). Inklusi, Eksklusi Dan Perubahan Agraria: Redistribusi Tanah Kawasan Hutan di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: STPN Press
Soekartawi. (2006). Analisis Usahatani. Jakarta: UI Press
Supadi. (2008). Pengusahaan dan Kelembagaan Lahan Pertanian di Berbagai Agroekosistem (Kasus Desa-Desa Patanas). Jurnal Agrisep: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis, 7(1), 19–40. doi: 10.31186/jagrisep.7.2.19-40
Suratiyah, K. (2015). Ilmu Usaha Tani. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya
Susanto, N.H. (2015). Gerakan Sosial Petani Desa Banjaranyar dalam Memperjuangkan Lahan Pertanian. Jurnal Penelitian, 12(2): 295–314. Retrieved from http://ejournal.iainpekalongan.ac.id/
Susilowati, S. H., & Maulana, M. (2012). Luas Lahan Usaha Tani Dan Kesejateraan Petani: Eksistensi Petani Gurem Dan Urgensi Kebijakan Reforma Agraria. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 10(1): 17-30. Retrieved from https://epublikasi.pertanian.go.id/berkala/akp/article/view/1056
Van, der Ploeg, J. D. (2018). The New Peasantries: Rural Development in Times of Globalization. Routledge: British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
Wiradi, G. (2019). Metodologi Studi Agraria: Karya Terpilih Gunawan Wiradi. Bogor: Sajogyo Institute, Departemen Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat IPB dan Pusat Kajian Agraria IPB
Wolford, W. (2010). This Land Is Ours Now: Social Mobilization and the Meanings of Land in Brazil. Durham, NC: Duke University Press