Article Sidebar
Submitted
December 29, 2024
Published
March 18, 2025
Download
Main Article Content
Abstract
This research investigates the challenges faced by smallholder oil palm plantations on peatlands in Mukomuko Regency. It focuses on stakeholder networking and institutional approaches to ensure the sector sustainability. Qualitative data was collected through interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and field observations, capturing stakeholder perspectives and experiences. Quantitative data was gathered via surveys targeting smallholder farmers and stakeholders, analyzing power, interest, and sentiment. Key data sources include farmers, the Village government, Agricultural Extension Officers (PPL), and the Replanting Chairperson. The data analysis employs a descriptive approach, incorporating the Total Weighting of Degree Among Actors method to evaluate the strength of stakeholder networks. This method highlights the collaboration, influence, and connectivity among stakeholders. The findings reveal that the Village government, particularly the Village Head and Secretary, plays a crucial role in promoting sustainability through collaboration. Strengthening stakeholder networks, including better coordination between the Village Head, Secretary, farmers, and extension officers, is recommended to enhance the sustainable management of oil palm plantations on peatlands.
Article Details
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Ridha Rizki Novanda, Ellys Yuliarti, Redy Badrudin, Rahmi Yuristia, Achmad Amiruddin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree with the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Stakeholder Networking and Institutional System Approaches in the Context of Sustainability for Smallholder Peatland Plantations. (2025). Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Dan Agribisnis, 24(01), 415–432. https://doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.24.01.415-432
References
-
Ahirwal, J., Sahoo, U. K., Thangjam, U., & Thong, P. (2022). Oil Palm Agroforestry Enhances Crop Yield and Ecosystem Carbon Stock in Northeast India: Implications for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Sustainable Production And Consumption, 30(3), 478–487. doi: 10.1016/j.spc.2021.12.022
Amsler, L. B. (2016). Collaborative Governance: Integrating Management, Politics, and Law. Public Administration Review, 76(5), 700–711. doi: 10.1111/puar.12605
Anugrah, A. R. S. (2023). Sinkronisasi Kebijakan Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Kebijakan Publik, 14(3), 319-328. doi: 10.31258/jkp.v14i3.8310
Baka, W. K., Rianse, I. S., & la Zulfikar, Z. (2024). Palm Oil Business Partnership Sustainability Through the Role of Social Capital and Local Wisdom: Evidence From Palm Oil Plantations in Indonesia. Sustainability, 16(17), 1-29. doi: 10.3390/su16177541
Barus, A. B., & Ernah, E. (2024). Peranan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat dalam Mencapai Tujuan Ekonomi Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) di Indonesia. Mimbar Agribisnis: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis, 10(1), 316-330. doi: 10.25157/ma.v10i1.11720
Batory, A., & Svensson, S. (2020). Regulating Collaboration: The Legal Framework of Collaborative Governance in Ten European Countries. International Journal of Public Administration, 43(9), 780–789. doi: 10.1080/01900692.2019.1658771
Bodin, Ö., & Crona, B. I. (2009). The Role of Social Networks in Natural Resource Governance: What Relational Patterns Make a Difference? Global Environmental Change, 19(3), 366–374. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.05.002
Bryson, J. M., Crosby, B. C., & Bloomberg, L. (2014). Public Value Governance: Moving Beyond Traditional Public Administration and the New Public Management. Public Administration Review, 74(4), 445–456. doi: 10.1111/puar.12238
Budidarsono, S., Susanti, A., & Zoomers, A. (2013). Oil Palm Plantations in Indonesia: The Implications for Migration, Settlement/Resettlement and Local Economic Development. In Biofuels - Economy, Environment and Sustainability (Issue March). InTech. doi: 10.5772/53586
Bush, S. R., Oosterveer, P., Bottema, M., Meuwissen, M., de Mey, Y., Chamsai, S., Hong Ho, L., & Chadag, M. (2019). Inclusive Environmental Performance Through ‘Beyond-Farm’ Aquaculture Governance. Current Opinion In Environmental Sustainability, 41(2), 49–55. doi: 10.1016/j.cosust.2019.09.013
Carson, P. P., Carson, K. D., Griffeth, R. W., & Robert, P. (1994). Have Library Access? Log in Through Your Library All Content Images Search Journals, Books, Images, and Primary Sources. Journal Of Business And Psychology, 8(4), 22–25. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02230960
Elvie, G. B. B. L., Mingkid, E., & Marentek, E. (2016). Strategi Komunikasi Pemerintah Desa Bagi Konflik Antar Jaga di Desa Sendangan Kecamatan Kakas Kabupaten Minahasa. Acta Diurna, 5(2), 1–6. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v2/index.php/actadiurnakomunikasi/article/download/11723/11316
Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T., & Balogh, S. (2012). An Integrative Framework for Collaborative Governance. Journal Of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(1), 1–29. doi: 10.1093/jopart/mur011
Freeman, L. C. (1978). Centrality in Social Networks Conceptual Clarification. Social Networks, 1(3), 215–239. doi: 10.1016/0378-8733(78)90021-7
Gea, F. D. S. (2018). Jaringan Komunikasi Kepala Desa dalam Inovasi Program Pembangunan. Jurnal Penelitian Komunikasi, 21(1), 1–14. doi: 10.20422/jpk.v21i1.403
Georgios, C., & Barraí, H. (2023). Social Innovation in Rural Governance: A Comparative Case Study Across the Marginalised Rural EU. Journal Of Rural Studies, 99(1), 193–203. doi: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.06.004
Hasan, F., Ahmad, T., Hidayat, A. N., & Fahmid, M. M. (2021). Driving Sustainability in Indonesia’s Palm Oil Sector: The Role of the Indonesian Government’s Certification System: ISPO. Indef Policy Brief, 1(1), 1–5. Retrieved from https://indef.or.id/source/research/impact-policy-brief/INDEF Policy Brief - Driving Sustainability in Indonesia’s Palm Oil Sector.pdf
Hidayat, A. A., & Kholil, M. (2020). Industri Sawit Serta Dampak Ekonomi, Sosial Dan Lingkungannya, 3(1). Penerbit Wahana Resolusi. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343787702
Irdiana, E., Nurliza, N., & Kurniati, D. (2023). Keberhasilan Penyuluhan Melalui Karakteristik Penyuluh dan Petani. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 11(2), 247–261. doi: 10.29244/jai.2023.11.2.247-261
Jensen, P. D., Whicker, L., & Deutz, P. (2016). Sustainable Palm Oil Supply Chains: Complexity, Custody And Contention Evolution and Resilience of Industrial Ecosystems View Project Low Carbon Infrastructure Decommissioning View Project. In 21st Logistics Research Network Annual Conference 2016. Retrieved from https://doi.org/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322299521
Lesmana, T., & Sulandjari, K. (2023). Pemberdayaan Komunitas Lokal dalam Pelestarian Lingkungan: Tinjauan Atas Proyek Kolaboratif, Keberlanjutan, dan Pengambilan Keputusan. Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science, 2(09), 808–818. doi: 10.58812/jmws.v2i09.668
McIsaac, J.-L. D., Kelly, E., Turner, J. C., & Kirk, S. F. L. (2020). Exploring the Foundation for Collaborative Governance to Support Early Childhood in Nova Scotia. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 28(4), 582–597. doi: 10.1080/1350293X.2020.1783930
Miettinen, J., Shi, C., & Liew, S. C. (2016). Land Cover Distribution in the Peatlands of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo in 2015 With Changes Since 1990. Global Ecology And Conservation, 6(4), 67–78. doi: 10.1016/j.gecco.2016.02.004
Muhammad Noor, Nursyamsi, D., Alwi, M., & Fahmi, A. (2014). Prospek Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Lahan Gambut: Dari Petani ke Peneliti dan Peneliti ke Petani. Makalah Reviewakalah Review, 8(2), 69–79. Retrieved from http://www.petanihebat.com/2014/06/menggali-potensi-lahan-rawa-lebak-untuk.html?m=1
Nasution, A., Fajri, Karim, A., & Romano. (2021). Sustainabilty Status and Index of Aceh Palm Oil in Central Production of West Region Nagan Raya District. IOP Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science, 800(1), 1-10. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/800/1/012023
Nurliza, Aditya Nugraha, Morteza Muthahhari, Pamela, & Adi Suyatno. (2022). Do Sustainability Standards Provide Environmental, Social and Economic Benefits for Independent Oil Palm Smallholders? Jurnal Penyuluhan, 18(02), 232–245. doi: 10.25015/18202240523
Andini, O. P., Darmayanti, S., Sari, I. F., & Laksana, A. (2024). Peran Human Relation dalam Menciptakan Lingkungan Kerja yang Harmonis dan Produktif. Konsensus : Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum Dan Ilmu Komunikasi, 1(6), 140–148. doi: 10.62383/konsensus.v1i6.476
Provan, K. G., & Kenis, P. (2007). Modes of Network Governance: Structure, Management, and Effectiveness. Journal of Public Administration Research And Theory, 18(2), 229–252. doi: 10.1093/jopart/mum015
Putri, E. I. K., Dharmawan, A. H., Hospes, O., Yulian, B. E., Amalia, R., Mardiyaningsih, D. I., Kinseng, R. A., Tonny, F., Pramudya, E. P., Rahmadian, F., & Suradiredja, D. Y. (2022). The Oil Palm Governance: Challenges of Sustainability Policy in Indonesia. Sustainability, 14(3), 1-20. doi: 10.3390/su14031820
Reed, M. S., Graves, A., Dandy, N., Posthumus, H., Hubacek, K., Morris, J., Prell, C., Quinn, C. H., & Stringer, L. C. (2009). Who’s in and Why? A Typology of Stakeholder Analysis Methods for Natural Resource Management. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(5), 1933–1949. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.01.001
Rhofita, E. I. R. (2022). Optimalisasi Sumber Daya Pertanian Indonesia untuk Mendukung Program Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi Nasional. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 28(1), 82-101. doi: 10.22146/jkn.71642
Saputra, R., & Havlíček, T. (2024). Strengthening Rural Governance for Rural Development Through Collaborative Strategy: the Application of Soft System Methodology and Textual Network Analysis. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 37(6), 1175-1193. doi: 10.1007/s11213-024-09696-w
Suardi, T. F., Sulistyowati, L., Noor, T. I., & Setiawan, I. (2022). Analysis of the Sustainability Level of Smallholder Oil Palm Agribusiness in Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatra. Agriculture, 12(9), 1-16. doi: 10.3390/agriculture12091469
Supriatna, J., Djumarno, D., Saluy, A. B., & Kurniawan, D. (2024). Sustainability Analysis of Smallholder Oil Palm Plantations in Several Provinces In Indonesia. Sustainability, 16(11), 41-17. doi: 10.3390/su16114383
Tewdwr-Jones, M. (1998). Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies. Journal Of Rural Studies, 14(2), 269–271. doi: 10.1016/S0743-0167(97)00052-1
Wibowo, A. (2020). Strategi Ketahanan Pangan Masa New Normal COVID-19: Masalah dan Tantangan Penyuluhan Pertanian di Era Pandemi COVID-19. Seminar Nasional Dalam Rangka Dies Natalis Ke-44 UNS Tahun 2020, 4(1), 278–287. Retrieved from https://www.neliti.com/publications/365328/masalah-dan-tantangan-penyuluhan-pertanian-di-era-pandemi-covid-19-review
Z, Z, A., DH, T., & Amelia, V. (2022). Kebijakan Perlindungan Ekosistem Gambut di Indonesia: Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Pasca 2015. Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan, 19(2), 71–84. doi: 10.20886/jakk.2022.19.2.71-84
Zhang, Q., Ye, C., & Duan, J. (2022). Multi-Dimensional Superposition: Rural Collaborative Governance in Liushe Village, Suzhou City. Journal Of Rural Studies, 96(1), 141–153. doi: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.10.002
References
Ahirwal, J., Sahoo, U. K., Thangjam, U., & Thong, P. (2022). Oil Palm Agroforestry Enhances Crop Yield and Ecosystem Carbon Stock in Northeast India: Implications for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Sustainable Production And Consumption, 30(3), 478–487. doi: 10.1016/j.spc.2021.12.022
Amsler, L. B. (2016). Collaborative Governance: Integrating Management, Politics, and Law. Public Administration Review, 76(5), 700–711. doi: 10.1111/puar.12605
Anugrah, A. R. S. (2023). Sinkronisasi Kebijakan Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Kebijakan Publik, 14(3), 319-328. doi: 10.31258/jkp.v14i3.8310
Baka, W. K., Rianse, I. S., & la Zulfikar, Z. (2024). Palm Oil Business Partnership Sustainability Through the Role of Social Capital and Local Wisdom: Evidence From Palm Oil Plantations in Indonesia. Sustainability, 16(17), 1-29. doi: 10.3390/su16177541
Barus, A. B., & Ernah, E. (2024). Peranan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat dalam Mencapai Tujuan Ekonomi Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) di Indonesia. Mimbar Agribisnis: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis, 10(1), 316-330. doi: 10.25157/ma.v10i1.11720
Batory, A., & Svensson, S. (2020). Regulating Collaboration: The Legal Framework of Collaborative Governance in Ten European Countries. International Journal of Public Administration, 43(9), 780–789. doi: 10.1080/01900692.2019.1658771
Bodin, Ö., & Crona, B. I. (2009). The Role of Social Networks in Natural Resource Governance: What Relational Patterns Make a Difference? Global Environmental Change, 19(3), 366–374. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.05.002
Bryson, J. M., Crosby, B. C., & Bloomberg, L. (2014). Public Value Governance: Moving Beyond Traditional Public Administration and the New Public Management. Public Administration Review, 74(4), 445–456. doi: 10.1111/puar.12238
Budidarsono, S., Susanti, A., & Zoomers, A. (2013). Oil Palm Plantations in Indonesia: The Implications for Migration, Settlement/Resettlement and Local Economic Development. In Biofuels - Economy, Environment and Sustainability (Issue March). InTech. doi: 10.5772/53586
Bush, S. R., Oosterveer, P., Bottema, M., Meuwissen, M., de Mey, Y., Chamsai, S., Hong Ho, L., & Chadag, M. (2019). Inclusive Environmental Performance Through ‘Beyond-Farm’ Aquaculture Governance. Current Opinion In Environmental Sustainability, 41(2), 49–55. doi: 10.1016/j.cosust.2019.09.013
Carson, P. P., Carson, K. D., Griffeth, R. W., & Robert, P. (1994). Have Library Access? Log in Through Your Library All Content Images Search Journals, Books, Images, and Primary Sources. Journal Of Business And Psychology, 8(4), 22–25. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02230960
Elvie, G. B. B. L., Mingkid, E., & Marentek, E. (2016). Strategi Komunikasi Pemerintah Desa Bagi Konflik Antar Jaga di Desa Sendangan Kecamatan Kakas Kabupaten Minahasa. Acta Diurna, 5(2), 1–6. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v2/index.php/actadiurnakomunikasi/article/download/11723/11316
Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T., & Balogh, S. (2012). An Integrative Framework for Collaborative Governance. Journal Of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(1), 1–29. doi: 10.1093/jopart/mur011
Freeman, L. C. (1978). Centrality in Social Networks Conceptual Clarification. Social Networks, 1(3), 215–239. doi: 10.1016/0378-8733(78)90021-7
Gea, F. D. S. (2018). Jaringan Komunikasi Kepala Desa dalam Inovasi Program Pembangunan. Jurnal Penelitian Komunikasi, 21(1), 1–14. doi: 10.20422/jpk.v21i1.403
Georgios, C., & Barraí, H. (2023). Social Innovation in Rural Governance: A Comparative Case Study Across the Marginalised Rural EU. Journal Of Rural Studies, 99(1), 193–203. doi: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.06.004
Hasan, F., Ahmad, T., Hidayat, A. N., & Fahmid, M. M. (2021). Driving Sustainability in Indonesia’s Palm Oil Sector: The Role of the Indonesian Government’s Certification System: ISPO. Indef Policy Brief, 1(1), 1–5. Retrieved from https://indef.or.id/source/research/impact-policy-brief/INDEF Policy Brief - Driving Sustainability in Indonesia’s Palm Oil Sector.pdf
Hidayat, A. A., & Kholil, M. (2020). Industri Sawit Serta Dampak Ekonomi, Sosial Dan Lingkungannya, 3(1). Penerbit Wahana Resolusi. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343787702
Irdiana, E., Nurliza, N., & Kurniati, D. (2023). Keberhasilan Penyuluhan Melalui Karakteristik Penyuluh dan Petani. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 11(2), 247–261. doi: 10.29244/jai.2023.11.2.247-261
Jensen, P. D., Whicker, L., & Deutz, P. (2016). Sustainable Palm Oil Supply Chains: Complexity, Custody And Contention Evolution and Resilience of Industrial Ecosystems View Project Low Carbon Infrastructure Decommissioning View Project. In 21st Logistics Research Network Annual Conference 2016. Retrieved from https://doi.org/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322299521
Lesmana, T., & Sulandjari, K. (2023). Pemberdayaan Komunitas Lokal dalam Pelestarian Lingkungan: Tinjauan Atas Proyek Kolaboratif, Keberlanjutan, dan Pengambilan Keputusan. Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science, 2(09), 808–818. doi: 10.58812/jmws.v2i09.668
McIsaac, J.-L. D., Kelly, E., Turner, J. C., & Kirk, S. F. L. (2020). Exploring the Foundation for Collaborative Governance to Support Early Childhood in Nova Scotia. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 28(4), 582–597. doi: 10.1080/1350293X.2020.1783930
Miettinen, J., Shi, C., & Liew, S. C. (2016). Land Cover Distribution in the Peatlands of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo in 2015 With Changes Since 1990. Global Ecology And Conservation, 6(4), 67–78. doi: 10.1016/j.gecco.2016.02.004
Muhammad Noor, Nursyamsi, D., Alwi, M., & Fahmi, A. (2014). Prospek Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Lahan Gambut: Dari Petani ke Peneliti dan Peneliti ke Petani. Makalah Reviewakalah Review, 8(2), 69–79. Retrieved from http://www.petanihebat.com/2014/06/menggali-potensi-lahan-rawa-lebak-untuk.html?m=1
Nasution, A., Fajri, Karim, A., & Romano. (2021). Sustainabilty Status and Index of Aceh Palm Oil in Central Production of West Region Nagan Raya District. IOP Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science, 800(1), 1-10. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/800/1/012023
Nurliza, Aditya Nugraha, Morteza Muthahhari, Pamela, & Adi Suyatno. (2022). Do Sustainability Standards Provide Environmental, Social and Economic Benefits for Independent Oil Palm Smallholders? Jurnal Penyuluhan, 18(02), 232–245. doi: 10.25015/18202240523
Andini, O. P., Darmayanti, S., Sari, I. F., & Laksana, A. (2024). Peran Human Relation dalam Menciptakan Lingkungan Kerja yang Harmonis dan Produktif. Konsensus : Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum Dan Ilmu Komunikasi, 1(6), 140–148. doi: 10.62383/konsensus.v1i6.476
Provan, K. G., & Kenis, P. (2007). Modes of Network Governance: Structure, Management, and Effectiveness. Journal of Public Administration Research And Theory, 18(2), 229–252. doi: 10.1093/jopart/mum015
Putri, E. I. K., Dharmawan, A. H., Hospes, O., Yulian, B. E., Amalia, R., Mardiyaningsih, D. I., Kinseng, R. A., Tonny, F., Pramudya, E. P., Rahmadian, F., & Suradiredja, D. Y. (2022). The Oil Palm Governance: Challenges of Sustainability Policy in Indonesia. Sustainability, 14(3), 1-20. doi: 10.3390/su14031820
Reed, M. S., Graves, A., Dandy, N., Posthumus, H., Hubacek, K., Morris, J., Prell, C., Quinn, C. H., & Stringer, L. C. (2009). Who’s in and Why? A Typology of Stakeholder Analysis Methods for Natural Resource Management. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(5), 1933–1949. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.01.001
Rhofita, E. I. R. (2022). Optimalisasi Sumber Daya Pertanian Indonesia untuk Mendukung Program Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi Nasional. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 28(1), 82-101. doi: 10.22146/jkn.71642
Saputra, R., & Havlíček, T. (2024). Strengthening Rural Governance for Rural Development Through Collaborative Strategy: the Application of Soft System Methodology and Textual Network Analysis. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 37(6), 1175-1193. doi: 10.1007/s11213-024-09696-w
Suardi, T. F., Sulistyowati, L., Noor, T. I., & Setiawan, I. (2022). Analysis of the Sustainability Level of Smallholder Oil Palm Agribusiness in Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatra. Agriculture, 12(9), 1-16. doi: 10.3390/agriculture12091469
Supriatna, J., Djumarno, D., Saluy, A. B., & Kurniawan, D. (2024). Sustainability Analysis of Smallholder Oil Palm Plantations in Several Provinces In Indonesia. Sustainability, 16(11), 41-17. doi: 10.3390/su16114383
Tewdwr-Jones, M. (1998). Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies. Journal Of Rural Studies, 14(2), 269–271. doi: 10.1016/S0743-0167(97)00052-1
Wibowo, A. (2020). Strategi Ketahanan Pangan Masa New Normal COVID-19: Masalah dan Tantangan Penyuluhan Pertanian di Era Pandemi COVID-19. Seminar Nasional Dalam Rangka Dies Natalis Ke-44 UNS Tahun 2020, 4(1), 278–287. Retrieved from https://www.neliti.com/publications/365328/masalah-dan-tantangan-penyuluhan-pertanian-di-era-pandemi-covid-19-review
Z, Z, A., DH, T., & Amelia, V. (2022). Kebijakan Perlindungan Ekosistem Gambut di Indonesia: Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Pasca 2015. Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan, 19(2), 71–84. doi: 10.20886/jakk.2022.19.2.71-84
Zhang, Q., Ye, C., & Duan, J. (2022). Multi-Dimensional Superposition: Rural Collaborative Governance in Liushe Village, Suzhou City. Journal Of Rural Studies, 96(1), 141–153. doi: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.10.002
Amsler, L. B. (2016). Collaborative Governance: Integrating Management, Politics, and Law. Public Administration Review, 76(5), 700–711. doi: 10.1111/puar.12605
Anugrah, A. R. S. (2023). Sinkronisasi Kebijakan Kelapa Sawit Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Kebijakan Publik, 14(3), 319-328. doi: 10.31258/jkp.v14i3.8310
Baka, W. K., Rianse, I. S., & la Zulfikar, Z. (2024). Palm Oil Business Partnership Sustainability Through the Role of Social Capital and Local Wisdom: Evidence From Palm Oil Plantations in Indonesia. Sustainability, 16(17), 1-29. doi: 10.3390/su16177541
Barus, A. B., & Ernah, E. (2024). Peranan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat dalam Mencapai Tujuan Ekonomi Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) di Indonesia. Mimbar Agribisnis: Jurnal Pemikiran Masyarakat Ilmiah Berwawasan Agribisnis, 10(1), 316-330. doi: 10.25157/ma.v10i1.11720
Batory, A., & Svensson, S. (2020). Regulating Collaboration: The Legal Framework of Collaborative Governance in Ten European Countries. International Journal of Public Administration, 43(9), 780–789. doi: 10.1080/01900692.2019.1658771
Bodin, Ö., & Crona, B. I. (2009). The Role of Social Networks in Natural Resource Governance: What Relational Patterns Make a Difference? Global Environmental Change, 19(3), 366–374. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.05.002
Bryson, J. M., Crosby, B. C., & Bloomberg, L. (2014). Public Value Governance: Moving Beyond Traditional Public Administration and the New Public Management. Public Administration Review, 74(4), 445–456. doi: 10.1111/puar.12238
Budidarsono, S., Susanti, A., & Zoomers, A. (2013). Oil Palm Plantations in Indonesia: The Implications for Migration, Settlement/Resettlement and Local Economic Development. In Biofuels - Economy, Environment and Sustainability (Issue March). InTech. doi: 10.5772/53586
Bush, S. R., Oosterveer, P., Bottema, M., Meuwissen, M., de Mey, Y., Chamsai, S., Hong Ho, L., & Chadag, M. (2019). Inclusive Environmental Performance Through ‘Beyond-Farm’ Aquaculture Governance. Current Opinion In Environmental Sustainability, 41(2), 49–55. doi: 10.1016/j.cosust.2019.09.013
Carson, P. P., Carson, K. D., Griffeth, R. W., & Robert, P. (1994). Have Library Access? Log in Through Your Library All Content Images Search Journals, Books, Images, and Primary Sources. Journal Of Business And Psychology, 8(4), 22–25. Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02230960
Elvie, G. B. B. L., Mingkid, E., & Marentek, E. (2016). Strategi Komunikasi Pemerintah Desa Bagi Konflik Antar Jaga di Desa Sendangan Kecamatan Kakas Kabupaten Minahasa. Acta Diurna, 5(2), 1–6. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v2/index.php/actadiurnakomunikasi/article/download/11723/11316
Emerson, K., Nabatchi, T., & Balogh, S. (2012). An Integrative Framework for Collaborative Governance. Journal Of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(1), 1–29. doi: 10.1093/jopart/mur011
Freeman, L. C. (1978). Centrality in Social Networks Conceptual Clarification. Social Networks, 1(3), 215–239. doi: 10.1016/0378-8733(78)90021-7
Gea, F. D. S. (2018). Jaringan Komunikasi Kepala Desa dalam Inovasi Program Pembangunan. Jurnal Penelitian Komunikasi, 21(1), 1–14. doi: 10.20422/jpk.v21i1.403
Georgios, C., & Barraí, H. (2023). Social Innovation in Rural Governance: A Comparative Case Study Across the Marginalised Rural EU. Journal Of Rural Studies, 99(1), 193–203. doi: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2021.06.004
Hasan, F., Ahmad, T., Hidayat, A. N., & Fahmid, M. M. (2021). Driving Sustainability in Indonesia’s Palm Oil Sector: The Role of the Indonesian Government’s Certification System: ISPO. Indef Policy Brief, 1(1), 1–5. Retrieved from https://indef.or.id/source/research/impact-policy-brief/INDEF Policy Brief - Driving Sustainability in Indonesia’s Palm Oil Sector.pdf
Hidayat, A. A., & Kholil, M. (2020). Industri Sawit Serta Dampak Ekonomi, Sosial Dan Lingkungannya, 3(1). Penerbit Wahana Resolusi. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343787702
Irdiana, E., Nurliza, N., & Kurniati, D. (2023). Keberhasilan Penyuluhan Melalui Karakteristik Penyuluh dan Petani. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 11(2), 247–261. doi: 10.29244/jai.2023.11.2.247-261
Jensen, P. D., Whicker, L., & Deutz, P. (2016). Sustainable Palm Oil Supply Chains: Complexity, Custody And Contention Evolution and Resilience of Industrial Ecosystems View Project Low Carbon Infrastructure Decommissioning View Project. In 21st Logistics Research Network Annual Conference 2016. Retrieved from https://doi.org/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322299521
Lesmana, T., & Sulandjari, K. (2023). Pemberdayaan Komunitas Lokal dalam Pelestarian Lingkungan: Tinjauan Atas Proyek Kolaboratif, Keberlanjutan, dan Pengambilan Keputusan. Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science, 2(09), 808–818. doi: 10.58812/jmws.v2i09.668
McIsaac, J.-L. D., Kelly, E., Turner, J. C., & Kirk, S. F. L. (2020). Exploring the Foundation for Collaborative Governance to Support Early Childhood in Nova Scotia. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 28(4), 582–597. doi: 10.1080/1350293X.2020.1783930
Miettinen, J., Shi, C., & Liew, S. C. (2016). Land Cover Distribution in the Peatlands of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo in 2015 With Changes Since 1990. Global Ecology And Conservation, 6(4), 67–78. doi: 10.1016/j.gecco.2016.02.004
Muhammad Noor, Nursyamsi, D., Alwi, M., & Fahmi, A. (2014). Prospek Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Lahan Gambut: Dari Petani ke Peneliti dan Peneliti ke Petani. Makalah Reviewakalah Review, 8(2), 69–79. Retrieved from http://www.petanihebat.com/2014/06/menggali-potensi-lahan-rawa-lebak-untuk.html?m=1
Nasution, A., Fajri, Karim, A., & Romano. (2021). Sustainabilty Status and Index of Aceh Palm Oil in Central Production of West Region Nagan Raya District. IOP Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science, 800(1), 1-10. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/800/1/012023
Nurliza, Aditya Nugraha, Morteza Muthahhari, Pamela, & Adi Suyatno. (2022). Do Sustainability Standards Provide Environmental, Social and Economic Benefits for Independent Oil Palm Smallholders? Jurnal Penyuluhan, 18(02), 232–245. doi: 10.25015/18202240523
Andini, O. P., Darmayanti, S., Sari, I. F., & Laksana, A. (2024). Peran Human Relation dalam Menciptakan Lingkungan Kerja yang Harmonis dan Produktif. Konsensus : Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum Dan Ilmu Komunikasi, 1(6), 140–148. doi: 10.62383/konsensus.v1i6.476
Provan, K. G., & Kenis, P. (2007). Modes of Network Governance: Structure, Management, and Effectiveness. Journal of Public Administration Research And Theory, 18(2), 229–252. doi: 10.1093/jopart/mum015
Putri, E. I. K., Dharmawan, A. H., Hospes, O., Yulian, B. E., Amalia, R., Mardiyaningsih, D. I., Kinseng, R. A., Tonny, F., Pramudya, E. P., Rahmadian, F., & Suradiredja, D. Y. (2022). The Oil Palm Governance: Challenges of Sustainability Policy in Indonesia. Sustainability, 14(3), 1-20. doi: 10.3390/su14031820
Reed, M. S., Graves, A., Dandy, N., Posthumus, H., Hubacek, K., Morris, J., Prell, C., Quinn, C. H., & Stringer, L. C. (2009). Who’s in and Why? A Typology of Stakeholder Analysis Methods for Natural Resource Management. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(5), 1933–1949. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.01.001
Rhofita, E. I. R. (2022). Optimalisasi Sumber Daya Pertanian Indonesia untuk Mendukung Program Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi Nasional. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 28(1), 82-101. doi: 10.22146/jkn.71642
Saputra, R., & Havlíček, T. (2024). Strengthening Rural Governance for Rural Development Through Collaborative Strategy: the Application of Soft System Methodology and Textual Network Analysis. Systemic Practice and Action Research, 37(6), 1175-1193. doi: 10.1007/s11213-024-09696-w
Suardi, T. F., Sulistyowati, L., Noor, T. I., & Setiawan, I. (2022). Analysis of the Sustainability Level of Smallholder Oil Palm Agribusiness in Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatra. Agriculture, 12(9), 1-16. doi: 10.3390/agriculture12091469
Supriatna, J., Djumarno, D., Saluy, A. B., & Kurniawan, D. (2024). Sustainability Analysis of Smallholder Oil Palm Plantations in Several Provinces In Indonesia. Sustainability, 16(11), 41-17. doi: 10.3390/su16114383
Tewdwr-Jones, M. (1998). Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies. Journal Of Rural Studies, 14(2), 269–271. doi: 10.1016/S0743-0167(97)00052-1
Wibowo, A. (2020). Strategi Ketahanan Pangan Masa New Normal COVID-19: Masalah dan Tantangan Penyuluhan Pertanian di Era Pandemi COVID-19. Seminar Nasional Dalam Rangka Dies Natalis Ke-44 UNS Tahun 2020, 4(1), 278–287. Retrieved from https://www.neliti.com/publications/365328/masalah-dan-tantangan-penyuluhan-pertanian-di-era-pandemi-covid-19-review
Z, Z, A., DH, T., & Amelia, V. (2022). Kebijakan Perlindungan Ekosistem Gambut di Indonesia: Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Pasca 2015. Jurnal Analisis Kebijakan Kehutanan, 19(2), 71–84. doi: 10.20886/jakk.2022.19.2.71-84
Zhang, Q., Ye, C., & Duan, J. (2022). Multi-Dimensional Superposition: Rural Collaborative Governance in Liushe Village, Suzhou City. Journal Of Rural Studies, 96(1), 141–153. doi: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.10.002