Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis

Feasibility Study of a Partner Bank Loan Scheme for Smallholder Palm Oil Replanting (PSR)

2025-10-08T08:24:29+00:00

Community oil palm plantations experience a decline in productivity when the oil palms are approximately twenty years old. Therefore, the government has launched a program in the form of community-led rejuvenation to restore production and maintain the long-term sustainability of farmers' income. This study attempts to examine and analyze the costs of rejuvenating small-scale oil palm commodities, including estimating the loan repayment period, monthly installment obligations, and opportunities when production and commodity price fluctuations impact farmers' ability to make repayments. The study was conducted at the Suka Makmur Palm Oil Producers Cooperative (KPKS) in Suka Makmur Village, Sungai Lilin District, Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra Province. Respondents were 397 cooperative member households. The financial feasibility study of oil palm commodity rejuvenation investments for farmers was conducted using the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Net Benefit-Cost Ratio (Net B/C) methods. The study results indicate that the proposed oil palm rejuvenation program implemented by KPKS Suka Makmur is financially feasible and generates positive economic returns. Farmers are projected to begin repaying the rejuvenation costs from the fifth to the 25th year. The estimated monthly installment is IDR 381,151 per hectare or approximately IDR 762,303 per plot. A sensitivity analysis indicates that financial viability is vulnerable to extreme conditions, including significant production declines, lower fresh fruit bunch prices, increased production costs, or increased loan interest rates. The study results emphasize the importance of risk management, production efficiency, and supporting policies to ensure the program's sustainability.

Economic Value Comparation of Situjuah Coffee Farmers on Two Types of Sales in Lima Puluh Kota Regency

2025-07-25T05:41:29+00:00

Specialty coffee in Lima Puluh Kota Regency is Situjuah coffee which use two types of sales, namely cherry and green bean forms. This study aims to compare the economic value of coffee farmers who sell Situjuah coffee in 2 forms that affect farmer welfare. The research method uses farm business analysis and comparative analysis of t-tests for comparison of income and labor efficiency. The results of the study showed that the average income received by farmers who sell in the form of green beans earns higher income because the price received is higher than sales in the form of cherries. Although in the identification of farming costs, sales in the form of green beans incur higher farming costs. Comparative analysis shows income in the H1 region with the criteria of a significant difference in the average income of farmers with two types of Situjuah coffee sales. However, the comparison of labor efficiency shows H0 acceptance because there is no significant difference in the two types of Situjuah coffee sales. The difference in average income in the two types of sales resulted in suggestions for farmers to process coffee into green beans to obtain higher economic value because the addition of processing workers did not have an impact on reducing the income of Situjuah coffee farmers. Farmers should also start processing Situjuah specialty coffee in the form of roasted beans and ground coffee in order to increase the price which has implications for improving the welfare of Situjuah specialty coffee farmers.

Analysis of Consumer Preference Towards Buying Interest Lactasari Milk in Grobogan Regency

2025-08-08T07:47:56+00:00

Lactasari milk took advantage of opportunities by producing a variety of quality milk products to meet the growing demand and preferences of consumers in Grobogan Regency. This study aimed to examine consumer characteristics, how the number family members affects the amount of Lactasari milk purchased, and consumer preferences for Lactasari milk in Grobogan Regency. The research took place from November to December 2024 at Purwodadi Market, Nglejok Market, Panti Rahayu Yakkum Hospital, and Purwodadi Hospital. The method involved a survey with questionnaires and non-probability sampling through accidental sampling. A total of 100 respondents who bought Lactasari milk participated. The analysis included descriptive analysis, crosstab analysis, and chi-square analysis to examine the link between the number of family members and the amount of Lactasari milk purchased. Conjoint analysis identified which features of Lactasari milk affected consumer preferences.The results showed that the average age of consumers was 41 years or older. Most buyers were female, many had a Diploma III/IV or Bachelor’s degree, the most common number of family members was four, and most consumers had a monthly income of IDR 2,500,000.00 or more. Crosstab and chi-square analyses revealed a significant link between the number of family members and the amount of Lactasari milk purchased. The conjoint analysis showed that consumers preferred Lactasari milk that was affordably priced, had a chocolate flavor, came in large size (1,000 ml), and was packaged in plastic pillow. According to importance values, price was the most important attribute, followed by size, taste, and packaging.

Enhancing Agribusiness Ecosystems for Rural Economic Growth: Insights from Papua, Indonesia

2025-11-13T00:45:31+00:00

The formation of a strong agribusiness ecosystem was a key driver of sustainable economic development in rural areas. This paper aims to examine the factors that support opportunities for strengthening the agribusiness ecosystem and its impact on rural economic performance. This paper used a survey to obtain responses from 200 respondents in various underdeveloped areas in Papua. Statistical evaluation of the collected data used PLS-SEM. The results showed that the correlations of all tested relationships were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Institutional support had a positive and significant effect on the agribusiness ecosystem (β = 0.312, t = 4.865, p = 0.000) and economic impact (β = 0.215, t = 3.457, p = 0.001). Market access also significantly influences the agribusiness ecosystem (β = 0.287, t = 4.236, p = 0.000) and economic impact (β = 0.198, t = 3.015, p = 0.003). Similarly, human resource quality shows a positive influence on the agribusiness ecosystem (β = 0.225, t = 3.278, p = 0.001) and economic impact (β = 0.176, t = 2.865, p = 0.004). Technology access significantly strengthens the agribusiness ecosystem (β = 0.298, t = 4.574, p = 0.000) and improves economic outcomes (β = 0.203, t = 3.186, p = 0.002). In addition, the agribusiness ecosystem itself has a significant and very high influence on economic outcomes (β = 0.352, β = 5.012, β = 0.000). The agribusiness ecosystem moderates the impact of institutional, technological, market, and human factors on economic performance.

Determinant Factors of Gapoktan in Promoting Business Ventures: a Case Study of Sepakat Farmer Group in Nagari Canduang, West Sumatra

2025-08-15T05:27:49+00:00

Gapoktan (gabungan kelompok tani/farmer group associations) play a vital role in increasing the economic scale and operational efficiency of agricultural collectives, yet many face challenges in sustaining business ventures. The study therefore seeks to explore success factors for Gapoktan to sustain itself in commerce-related activities. The specific goals of this study are to discuss the role of Gapoktan, their partners, their collaborative partners, and factors that act as enablers for them. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, using Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with the Gapoktan chairperson, farmer group leaders, and the Agricultural Extension Center coordinator. According to the findings, the Sepakat Gapoktan is primarily engaged in three activities: (1) organic vegetable marketing; (2) compost production, and; (3) Biological Agent Service Information Center. The main factors contributing to the success of Gapoktan in its business ventures are: (1) effective leadership by the Gapoktan chairperson, (2) treating the association as a business entity rather than a social group, (3) engagement of local leaders, (4) commitment to terms of time, energy, and financial resources, 5) collaboration with external institutions.

Beyond Market Proximity: Gender, Market Access, and Socioeconomic Resilience Among Small-Holders of Patchouli Farmers in Indonesia

2025-11-26T03:56:12+00:00

Despite persistent socioeconomic challenges in Indonesia’s aromatic crop sector, gender dynamics within the patchouli value chain remain underexplored. This study analyses the socioeconomic resilience of smallholder farmer households by highlighting the interrelationships among gender governance, market access, and adaptive strategies in the patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) value chain in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Primary data from 287 respondents in ten villages was collected through focus group discussions (FGDs) and interviews with 30 key informants. Data collection was conducted using a systematic random sampling method. This study investigated the relationship between gender roles and household resilience using the Gender-Sensitive Value Chain (GSVC) framework and correlation analysis. The results show that women's participation is significant throughout the value chain. However, they are still not involved in strategic decision-making. This indicates continuing structural gender-based inequality in the agricultural production system. With higher resilience scores (r = 0.32, p < 0.01), women's involvement in household financial management was positively correlated with resilience scores. This shows that women make a significant, but often unrecognized, contribution to household adaptive capacity. This study shows that for a competitive and sustainable aromatic crop economy, policies that empower women in the patchouli value chain, promote local institutions, and improve financial literacy are essential.

Gender Role Transformation in Village Forest Management Through Digital Applications: a Case Study of Village Forest Management Institution

2025-08-13T04:34:08+00:00

This study departs from the observation of the use of digital applications in village forest management, where women are more active in data collection and communication, reflecting the beginning of gender role transformation in village forest management in Kuala Indragiri Sub-district, Indragiri Hilir District. It investigates how digitalization affects women’s participation in village forest management institutions (VFMI) and how sociocultural norms shape the gender digital divide. Using a mixed-methods case study in two mangrove coastal villages - Sapat and Sungai Piyai Village - the research combines surveys, in-depth interviews, participant observation, meaning that the higher the gender digital divide, the lower the role of women in institutions. Men dominating technical applications such as Avenza Maps (mapping), while women limited to administrative or communication tools WhatsApp and KoboToolbox (online surveys). Although limited, women's involvement in training and the use of digital applications is beginning to open space for recognition of their strategic role in village forest governance, reflecting the potential for gender transformation. Affirmative and intersectional strategies are needed, to minimize the reproduction of existing gender gaps. This study contributes to the discourse on inclusive digital transformation by highlighting the importance of overcoming structural and cultural barriers in social forestry programs. The findings also have the potential to be replicated in other coastal communities that face similar challenges in digitalization and gender inequality.

Analysis of The Potential of Superior Food Crop Commodities in Siak Regency with Geographic Information System (GIS) Visualization

2025-08-13T07:23:08+00:00

Regional economic development, in rural areas, relies heavily on the identification of key sectors with the highest growth potential. In this context, the agricultural sector, especially food crop production, is the backbone of local economic resilience. The development of superior food crop commodities in Siak Regency is very important to increase agricultural productivity and the welfare of rural communities. To assess this potential, the study integrated several analysis methods, including the Sectoral Contribution Index (SCI), Growth Ratio Model (GRM), Location Quotient (LQ), and Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), which were combined in the Composite Index (CI). In addition, GIS is used to visualize the spatial distribution of these analyses. The results showed that Bungaraya Village and Kemuning Muda Village were the main contributors to rice production in Siak Regency, each accounting for 23% of the total rice production in the area. GRM analysis shows that Temusai Village has the highest growth rate of rice production, even though it is influenced by external factors that cause production fluctuations. The results of the LQ and DLQ analysis show that some villages, such as Bungaraya and Kemuning Muda, not only meet local needs but also have the potential to support exports. The use of GIS to visualize the results of this analysis allows mapping of the spatial distribution and identification of areas with potential for further development. These findings are expected to be the basis for policy-making that supports the development of sustainable agriculture and the improvement of community welfare in Siak Regency.

Green Choices in E-Commerce: Understanding Consumer Willingness to Pay for Eco-Friendly Packaging

2025-09-03T01:10:25+00:00

This study examines consumer behavior toward adopting eco-friendly packaging in Indonesia’s e-commerce sector, contributing to the broader discourse on sustainable consumption in Indonesia. It analyzes the factors influencing consumers’ willingness to pay for eco-friendly packaging using the Sustainability Theory of Planned Behavior (STPB). The study is driven by growing environmental concerns associated with e-commerce packaging waste, particularly in emerging markets such as Indonesia, where sustainability practices are still developing. Data were collected from 236 active online shoppers through purposive sampling, and structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to analyze the relationships among key variables. The results demonstrate the significant influence of environmental concerns on consumer attitudes and the crucial role of behavioral intention in predicting willingness to pay for eco-friendly packaging. The findings further indicate that moral and environmental values play a more prominent role than economic considerations in shaping consumer behavior. These insights underscore the importance of public awareness campaigns, improved accessibility to eco-friendly packaging, and supportive government policies. By integrating sustainability dimensions into consumer behavior models, this study advances the theoretical understanding of sustainable consumption in e-commerce and offers practical recommendations for promoting environmental responsibility in emerging markets.

More Than Barriers: Institutional Misalignments and The Flawed Implementation of Farmer Corporation in Indonesia

2025-09-10T07:42:21+00:00

Effective institutional arrangements and policies can transform the agricultural sector by enhancing productivity to address present and future challenges. The food estate based on farmer corporation is viewed as a promising model for agricultural institutional development. It has the potential to integrate various agricultural activities from upstream to downstream, thereby increasing farmers’ overall productivity and welfare. However, institutional misalignments hinder optimal outcomes. This study employs a blended approach that includes an exploratory study and a deductive thematic analysis guided by the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework. The exploratory study emphasizes the importance of developing agricultural institutions and identifies key gaps between the grand design of food estate and its actual implementation. Meanwhile, the deductive thematic analysis further explores stakeholders’ perspectives, serving as a foundation for the analysis using the IAD framework. The study finds that ineffective implementation of the food estate and the suboptimal establishment of farmer corporation are caused by stakeholders’ limited understanding, weak coordination, insufficient technology, low skills and capacities among human resources, and limited access to capital. Additionally, when developing agricultural institutions, it is essential to consider the local community’s support and trust to improve the suitability of the selected institutional form. Furthermore, agricultural institutional development should be supported by a well-organized structure, clear operational plans, and core activities to ensure sustainable implementation.

Land Access Mechanisms and Agrarian Conflicts in A Community Plantation Forest: Case Study from Nagari Air Bangis, West Pasaman Regency

2025-07-23T04:25:46+00:00

Conflicts over forest resource control often stem from discrepancies between state policies and local land tenure practices. In West Pasaman Regency, West Sumatra, the government granted a 1,590-hectare concession to a cooperative under the Community Plantation Forest (HTR) scheme, with a legal permit valid for 35 years. However, the land has long been occupied and managed by local communities through Siliah Jariah. Tensions emerged due to the absence of formal recognition of socially legitimate claims made by these communities. This study employed a qualitative approach using a case study method in Pigogah Patibubur. Primary data were collected through in-depth interviews with 11 purposively selected informants and direct field observations. The informants included farmers, the head of the Nagari Customary Council (KAN), a former employee of the ex-timber concession PT SSS, and forestry officials. Secondary data were obtained through the review of official documents. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns of land access and control based on legal and social aspects of the community. The findings reveal that local communities' social legitimacy conflicts with state-backed legal claims, exacerbated by asymmetrical power relations among actors. This study recommends a more inclusive approach to land conflict resolution, one that considers both formal legal frameworks and the rights of indigenous communities.

Limitations of Sustainability Certification on Good Agricultural Practices Adoption Among Certified and Noncertified Oil Palm Smallholders

2025-09-25T14:46:51+00:00

Sustainability certifications are often regarded as tools for improving agricultural practices and supporting environmental stewardship among independent oil palm smallholders in Indonesia. However, their effectiveness in driving comprehensive agronomic transformation and improving household income remains debatable. This study examines the effect of sustainability certification on the adoption of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) among certified and non-certified smallholders in the Philippines. We analyzed data from 64 oil palm smallholders in Simalungun Regency, Indonesia, using comparative and correlation statistical methods. The findings indicate that certification had a limited impact on core agronomic practices, such as fertilization, pruning, and weeding, which remain constrained by structural barriers, including limited technical capacity and financial resources. Certified smallholders exhibited better environmentally focused practices, particularly in reducing the use of hazardous chemicals and adopting sustainable weeding methods, although the differences were not statistically significant. These results suggest that certification programs have been more responsive to external market demands for environmental compliance but have fallen short in facilitating the widespread adoption of productivity-enhancing agronomic practices among smallholders in the region. To achieve environmental sustainability and improved productivity, future certification schemes should be designed to provide stronger agronomic support and balanced incentives. This study provides new insights into the limitations of sustainability certifications in driving comprehensive agronomic improvements, while highlighting their potential to address specific environmental challenges.

Literature Mapping and Research Trends on Smallholder Oil Palm Replanting

2025-12-31T05:17:21+00:00

Oil palm replanting is critical for maintaining yields, improving farmer livelihoods, and reducing expansion to forested areas. Indonesia’s smallholder farmers manage a large proportion of the national plantations but face declining productivity due to aging trees and substantial constraints in replanting programs. This study presents a systematic literature review of research published between 2015 and 2024 on smallholder oil palm replanting in Indonesia. Using PRISMA-based screening, this study applied Open Knowledge Maps and VOSviewer to examine research trends, thematic clusters, and knowledge gaps. The analysis identified five dominant themes: environmental impacts, biomass economic valuation, corporate farming schemes, institutional arrangements, and community-driven initiatives. Environmental studies focus on biodiversity and greenhouse gas emissions, whereas economic research examines subsidy effectiveness and productivity. Institutional analyses highlight policy frameworks and extension services, while community-oriented research explores farmer participation, collective action, and risk preferences. Despite increasing scholarly attention, major gaps remain in understanding replanting profitability, behavioral decision-making under risk, effective support mechanisms, and integrated sustainability dimensions. This study provides a comprehensive research map and outlines priorities for strengthening sustainable replanting strategies for Indonesian smallholders.

The Influence of Participation on Farmer Group Performance in Sungai Kakap District

2025-12-17T04:03:21+00:00

A farmer group functions as a platform for local farmers to collaborate, learn, and support each other in agricultural activities. Active participation of farmer group members in various group activities not only strengthens solidarity but also has the potential to improve the group's performance. This study explores the influence of farmer group member participation on group performance in Sungai Kakap District, focusing on Parit Keladi Village. The study population consists of 569 farmers. The sample size was calculated using the Slovin formula, resulting in 123 respondents selected through a multistage sampling technique. The analytical method used is SEM-PLS. This study is distinctive for its comprehensive application of Cohen and Uphoff’s four-dimensional participation framework to Indonesian farmer groups through the SEM-PLS approach, a method rarely employed in this field. The results show that participation in decision-making, implementation, and benefit utilization significantly enhances group performance, while participation in evaluation has no notable effect. This uneven influence across dimensions extends Cohen and Uphoff’s theory by demonstrating that participation is not a uniform process; instead, certain stages contribute more substantially to institutional effectiveness within the Indonesian farmer group context. The findings thus refine the theoretical understanding of participatory dynamics and provide practical insights for strengthening collaboration, improving performance, and promoting the sustainability of farmer groups

The Contribution of Women in Household Decision-Making (Case Study of Women Selling Spent Hens in Pagar Alam City, South Sumatra Province)

2026-01-21T08:30:08+00:00

This study aimed to analyze the role of women selling spent hens in household decision-making in Pagar Alam City, South Sumatra Province. This study shows the role of women who work to earn a living in household decision-making in the areas of production, household expenses, the formation of family rules, and social activities. This is important for understanding how gender equality is implemented in households. The population of this study was women selling spent hens who also had the status of wives in the household. The research population comprised 39 individuals selected by census as respondents. The data for this case study were collected through in-depth interviews with respondents. The obtained data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. Women selling spent hens in Pagar Alam City, South Sumatra Province, play a significant role in household decision-making. These women contribute an average of 47% of household income, a contribution nearly equal to their husbands' contribution to household income. Therefore, they also play a role in household decision-making. Decision-making by the wife herself dominates in three fields: household production (64 %), household expenditure (49 %), and forming household rules (25 %). Decision-making by the husband and wife together, by the husband and wife, but the husband is dominant, and by the husband himself is less.

Rural Households’ Residence Status, Income Shocks, and Food Security Indicators in Conflict-Affected Nigerian States During the Covid-19 Pandemic

2025-11-12T07:50:07+00:00

In northern Nigeria, COVID-19 exacerbated existing welfare deprivations and vulnerability already intensified by insurgencies. This study examines the effects of residence status and income shocks on food insecurity experiences (FIE) and households’ dietary diversity scores (HDDS) in northern Nigeria. The data were collected from 4,412 households in two non-longitudinal rounds (2021 and 2022) from five conflict-affected states in northern Nigeria. The data were analysed with endogenous treated Poisson regression model. The results showed slight increase in internally displaced households between 2021 and 2022. Average dietary diversity score decreased from 3.94 in 2021 to 3.28 in 2022, while food insecurity experiences slightly increased from 4.29 to 4.28. The Poisson regression showed that FIES increased (p<0.05) with income shocks, while HDDS decreased in response to the shocks. Also, being a permanent resident significantly reduced FIES (p<0.05), while internally displaced persons had higher HDDS. Education and income increased HDDS and reduced FIES. The households who received food assistance had higher FIES, and those who received seeds had higher HDDS (p<0.05). The respondents from Bauchi had significantly higher HDDS and lower FIES. It was concluded that income shocks and displacement adversely affected food security indicators. Therefore, initiatives to promote rural household resilience to income shocks through gender- and state-based livelihood support measures are essential for improving nutrition outcomes.

Remittances, Livelihood Strategies, and Family Resilience of Retired Indonesian Migrant Workers: a Case Study of Kenanga Village, Indramayu

2025-09-17T09:48:38+00:00

Indonesian retired female migrant workers (RFMWs) are pivotal in strengthening household economic and social resilience post-migration. This study analyzes remittance management, livelihood strategies, and family resilience among RFMWs in Kenanga Village, Indramayu Regency. A mixed-methods approach was applied, combining a survey of 80 households with in-depth interviews. Research instruments included a livelihood strategy questionnaire and the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ). Results show that remittances were primarily used for housing construction or renovation, children's education, and business capital, enhancing physical and financial assets. The dominant livelihood strategy was non-agricultural business diversification due to limited natural capital. As many as 83.75% of households had high resilience, characterized by open communication, role flexibility, and adaptive capacity. These findings highlight the need for integrating remittance management with livelihood strategies to reinforce post-migration family resilience. Remittance management functions as an economic resource that supports household livelihood strategies, while livelihood strategies determine the sustainable use of remittances. These two dimensions are mutually reinforcing and, when integrated, contribute significantly to strengthening post-migration family resilience.

Sustainable Food Agricultural Community: the Dialectic of Neoliberalism and Local Governance in Merauke, South Papua

2026-01-22T01:48:27+00:00

Merauke's 2025 Community Paddy Field Expansion (CSR) is a strategic policy to expand rice fields outside Java to achieve food self-sufficiency in Indonesia. This study aims to examine how the development of sustainable food farming communities is shaped by the dialectic between local and neoliberal food governance in Merauke's 2025 CSR. Using a critical qualitative approach and a multi-level case study method in three of the 46 villages implementing Merauke's 2025 CSR, this study analyzes the interaction between state rationality and local governance in three socio-ecological types of villages. Qualitative primary data processed and analyzed through data condensation revealed that the implementation of Merauke 2025 CSR in three socio-ecological types of village communities created an antagonistic landscape between the former transmigrant village communities and the indigenous farming communities (native Papuans). Within this antagonistic landscape, the development of sustainable food farming communities is shaped by a negotiated interaction between central government policies with neoliberal governance and local community practices that lead to sustainable governance.

Identifying and Developing the Main Agricultural Commodities Around Kerinci Seblat National Park, Lebong Regency

2025-12-03T04:18:28+00:00

This research investigates the superior agricultural commodities in villages surrounding the Kerinci Seblat National Park (KSNP), Lebong Regency, aiming to identify the main agricultural commodities and elucidate the enabling conditions for their sustainable development. This study contributes to the broader goal of achieving harmony between human prosperity and environmental sustainability in the KSNP. A mixed-methods approach was employed, using a quantitative Location Quotient (LQ) analysis of production data from 21 villages to identify main commodities. The total number of respondents was 105 farmers and four expert respondents (the Department of Agriculture, Head of a Farmer Group, Businessman, and an academic). This study used both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data were obtained through a survey using structured instruments to obtain information from farmers. The study concludes that the villages around the KSNP have a variety of main agricultural commodities. Each village has advantages in commodity diversification, a high degree of specialization, and an integrated Cultivation Model. The sustainable development of the main agricultural commodities in villages around the KSNP faces several opportunities and challenges. The main opportunities are downstream product development, access to premium and export markets, and agro-tourism. The main challenges faced by almost all villages are similar, rooted in their geographic location are limited land and regulations, infrastructure and market access, and price management.

Economic and Policy Determinants of Indonesia’s Rice Imports: an Empirical Assessment

2026-02-27T05:34:26+00:00

This study examined the factors affecting Indonesia's rice imports between 1990 and 2024. Despite efforts to become self-sufficient in rice, Indonesia remains dependent on imports because of price differences, population growth, and fluctuating domestic production. To investigate both short-term and long-term relationships among important variables, such as domestic rice production, exchange rate, national income, domestic rice prices, population, and import tariffs, this study used secondary time series data and the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model in conjunction with the error correction model (ECM). The findings demonstrate that exchange rate depreciation has a substantial impact on rice imports, raising import costs without significantly lowering volumes because of the inelastic nature of rice demand. Higher import volumes are positively correlated with population growth and domestic price increases. Tariffs are found to have delayed effects in later periods but have a statistically negligible impact in the short term. The interdependence in the macroeconomic environment is indicated by the confirmed long-term equilibrium relationships between the variables. Based on the ARDL results, the error correction term (ECT) coefficient is negative and significant for cointegration validity, reflecting how quickly rice import levels revert to their long-run relationship with the specified factors. According to the study's findings, import regulations need to reform.