Jurnal AGRISEP: Kajian Masalah Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis

FARMERS' KNOWLEDGE ON REASONS NOT TO USE RICE STRAW IN PADDY FIELDS (CASE IN MANDIKAPAU BARAT VILLAGE, BANJAR REGENCY, SOUTH KALIMANTAN)

Anang Kadarsah — 2023-03-16

This study aims to determine the reasons for not using rice straw in the rice field landscape of Mandikapau Barat Village, Banjar Regency. Landscape ecology data extracted from Google Maps. Types, rice production, farmer profiles, and knowledge of rice straw utilization were identified through interviews. The relationship between profile and reasons for not using rice straw was determined by bivariate analysis. Results showed that fragments’ shape is generally elongated (70%) and others hexagonal (30%). The corridor in dry rice fields is 40-50 cm narrow, while in wet rice fields, the embankment width is about 60-80 cm. The average ownership of rainfed rice fields was about ±3,917.6 m². From nine rice field fragments observed, the average area was ±14,788.4 m². The most widely grown local rice varieties are Siam Pandak Laut and Siam Cantik. The local rice production rate reached ±2.6 Ton Ha^-1, while rice straw production was ±3.6 Ton Ha^-1. Most respondents are women (76%), smallholders (80%), and aged 40-50 years (48%). Most respondents (84%) stated rice straw could not be used and had been passed down from generation to generation (64%). There was a relationship between gender and knowledge of straw utilization (p=0.036<0.050) and reasons for not using rice straw (p=0.021<0.050).

EFFECT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PARTNERSHIP PT. ANTAM Tbk UBPN POMALAA ON HEALTHY HYDROPONIC VEGETABLE BUSINESS

Akhsan Akhsan — 2023-03-08

Hydroponics is an agricultural cultivation technique that uses water as a planting medium and with a special installation system that minimizes the use of chemicals in the cultivation process. Hydroponic healthy vegetable business is a hydroponic business located in Pomalaa, Southeast Sulawesi. Previously, this business operated alone in terms of marketing and cultivation which resulted in not optimal income obtained with existing resources. Existence of PT Antam operating in the Pomalaa area is expected to help hydroponic businesses with the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). PT Antam has as a form of their responsibility towards the surrounding environment where the company is located. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the implementation of CSR partnership PT. Antam Tbk for the Hydroponic Healthy Vegetable business using a quantitative descriptive analysis research method, namely by observing the research location and processing data using the R/C formula. The results of this study indicate that R/C > 1, which means that the demand is greater than the costs incurred, or in other words, every IDR 1 cost incurred can generate revenue of IDR 3.85, so it can be concluded that the Hydroponic Healthy Vegetable business is feasible for developed and generate profits for farmers.

ANALYSIS OF PROBLEMS AND STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AGRICULTURE OF LUBUK KERTANG VILLAGE, LANGKAT REGENCY

Mailina Harahap — 2023-03-08

The role of the agricultural sector is inseparable from the existence of a village which is the smallest regional unit, one of the common characteristics of which is to do business in the agricultural sector. Lubuk Kertang Village is one of the 7 Villages in the District of West Berandan, Langkat Regency, which has large development potential, even more so with the assignment of Lubuk Kertang Village as a Mangrove Forest Ecotourism area. In its development, the village was also faced with various local problems. The research method used was a participatory approach, namely the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) technique. Data analysis was performed statistically descriptive and qualitative. Problems in Lubuk Kertang Village, West Brandan District, Langkat Regency include: agriculture, water, human resource capacity, economy, health, law and morals and institutions. The village problems can be overcome with the development strategy of making the village of Lubuk Kertang an Agro-tourism destination.

DECISIONS ON SHARE INVESTMENT IN AGRICULTURE SECTOR COMPANIES (CAPM Method Approach)

Unang Unang — 2023-03-09

ABSTRACT

The agriculture stock market appears to have a bright future. Since the COVID-19 outbreak started, share issuers with investments reliant on agricultural commodities have shown significantly improved performance, which may be evidence of this. The goals of this study were to estimate expected returns, assess risk and return on investment, and classify efficient and inefficient stocks in agricultural sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Companies in the agricultural sector that underwent evaluation had comprehensive data that needed to be reviewed between January 2019 and December 2021, and they were listed on the IDX and main listing board. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is a method for evaluating and discouraging individuals from making risky stock market investments. There were 15 companies selected. According to the evaluation's conclusions, 10 companies had stocks that could be purchased because they were inexpensive and efficient, while 5 companies had stocks that could be sold because they were inexpensive and inefficient (overvalued).

THE EFFECT OF VILLAGE FUNDS AND INFRASTRUCTURE ON RURAL INCOME INEQUALITY AMONG PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS IN SOUTHERN SUMATERA

Hutapia — 2023-03-20

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of village funds and infrastructure on income inequality between provincial governments in Southern Sumatera. This study uses a panel data regression model, the data used are secondary data from 2015 to 2020. The data used in this study are time series data obtained from Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Public Works and Housing People (PUPR) and other related agencies. Based on research and data processing, the best panel data regression model is the fixed effect model. The results of the F-statistical test show that the variables of village funds, road infrastructure, electricity ratios, and cellular telephone ownership jointly reduce income inequality between villages between provincial governments in Southern Sumatera significantly. Meanwhile, based on the statistical results of the t-test, only household cell phone ownership has no significant effect on rural income inequality.

THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF BAMBOO CRAFT HOME-SCALE INDUSTRIES USING DIAMOND PORTER MODELING AT MALUMBI VILAGE, KAMBERA DISTRICT, EASTERN OF SUMBA REGENCY

Nikodemus Samuel Taru — 2023-03-23

The existence of Malumbi Vilage as bamboo craft production area predicted has a chance to be developed. The aim of this study was treated the SWOT analysis against the bamboo craft business using SWOT matrix and Diamond Porter Modeling to determine the suitable strategy developing priority of the business. Results of scoring from internal aspect (IFE) showed that the bamboo craft business has strength from the skills of the craftsmans with score 0.36 and the weakness showed from the age of craftsmans, marketing targets and information acquisition with each scores showed 0.12. Total score of overall internal aspect (IFE) showed 2.79 higher than standard 2.5 mean that the bamboo craft business from Malumbi already success maintenancing the strength to handling the weakness side. While the scoring results from external aspects (EFE) of the bamboo craft has the prime opportunity from the continuity availiability of the raw material swith score 0.46 while the main threats were the existence of competitors and the unstable of economical conditions with the score of each showed 0,35. Score of overall external aspect (EFE) showed 2.88 higher than standard 2.5 mean that the bamboo craft business able to advantaging the opportunities to covering the threats. Based on total score of IFE 2.79 and EFE 2.88 then matching the scores using SWOT matrix and Diamond Porter Modeling then concluded that this bomboo craft business stay in middle level of external and internal conditions then in this condition the suitable strategies to applied was “Grow and Develop” strategy.

THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF SUGAR CANE MANUFACTURE, PT MADUBARU YOGYAKARTA

Lathifah Khairani — 2023-03-27

The Indonesian sugar industry is one of the plantation industries which is considered a commercial and strategic commodity. However, the national sugar industry has decreased in meeting national sugar needs. This decrease was due to internal problems and external problems in the sugar industry. Sugar Cane Manufacture, PT Madubaru is the only sugarcane-based private company in Yogyakarta. The study aims to identify internal and external factors that influence the development of PT Madubaru and analyze alternative strategies for the development of Sugarcane Manufacture Madukismo Yogyakarta. Sampling technique used is a purposive sampling method with 38 respondents consisting of eight experts and 30 internal company employees. The analytical method used is the Internal Factor Evaluation Matrix (IFE), External Factor Evaluation Matrix (EFE), and SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats). The results show that the strategic position of Sugar Cane Manufacture, PT Madubaru development is in quadrant II (two). The strategic position shows that the strategy is directed at efforts to improve the weaknesses (Weaknesses) of PT Madubaru in order to be able to seize opportunities (Opportunities) that exist. The alternative strategy that can be applied in the development of PT Madubaru are increasing cash inflows by opening creditors and outside investors, Raw processing Sugar to reduce the Cost of Production, continuing to work with Bina Sarana Tani to find new varieties to increase sugarcane productivity, expand markets with market penetration, Raw process sugar to optimize plant capacity, process Raw sugar to optimize sugar production and diversify products to increase funds.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE DECISION OF SMALLHOLDERS TEA FARMERS TO JOIN THE COOPERATIVE

Rika Hariance — 2023-03-17

Cooperatives are suitable institutions to coordinate and manage the resources that owned by smallholders. To be sustainable, the formation of cooperatives must be based on individual awareness through collective action. To find out the most influencing factors for smallholder tea plantation farmers to join cooperatives, research was conducted on farmers who are members of the Eleven Jurai Saiyo Organic Tea Producers Cooperative which is abbreviated as KPTO-SJS. By using a quantitative descriptive method, the survey was conducted by snowball sampling to 30 members of the cooperative, then the data was analyzed using the SEM-PLS analysis tool with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The results showed that all variables significantly affect the awareness of farmers to join the cooperative. However, the most influential factor is the knowledge factor with a path coefficient value of 0.576, followed by characteristics, social factors and economic factors. Because all variables have a positive influence on farmers' decisions to join cooperatives, an increase in each variable will have an effect on increasing the number of farmers joining cooperatives. So increasing farmers' knowledge is a must to improve farmers' ability to make decisions.

EVALUATION TOWARDS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TECHNICAL GUIDANCE TO ENHANCE THE CAPABILITY OF INSTRUCTORS AND FARMERS IN MOJOKERTO DISTRICT

Evy Latifah — 2023-03-16

This study aims to evaluate the improvement of knowledge after following technical guidance which consists of several materials on seeding, cultivation and post-harvest handling of sorghum, porang and orchids. Implementation of Technical Guidance was carried out by discourse and discussion methods. This research was conducted from November to December 2021 in Mojokerto Regency. The material was presented included Plant Propagation Technology with Tissue Culture, Certified Porang Seedling Procedures, Sorghum Cultivation, Sorghum as Animal Feed, and Sorghum Processed Technology. This quantitative assessment was chosen to measure the effectiveness of the implementation of technical guidance (Kartika & Simorangkir, 2019). Data was collected using knowledge improvement evaluation by distributing pre-test and post-test questionnaires to assess the enhancement of knowledge among farmers based on the counselling results that had been implemented. The effectiveness of knowledge enhancement among participants in technical guidance was 36.95%, meaning that knowledge enhancement among participants through technical guidance was categorized as quite effective. Thus, technical guidance was quite effective to be sustainable and able to provide positive value for instructors and farmers, especially if the material presented is relevant and in accordance with the improvement of required innovations and their implementation practices.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ROLE OF FARMERS' GROUP ON THE PERFORMANCE OF RICE FARMING IN KEMUMU VILLAGE, ARMA JAYA DISTRICT, NORTH BENGKULU REGENCY

Arma Putra — 2023-03-21

Farmer groups have an important role in agricultural activities, such as learning classes and vehicles for cooperation and production units. However, in practice there are still some obstacles, such as the infrequency of farmer groups to carry out farming activities and carry out farming activities together. The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of rice farming, process innovation, the effectiveness of the farmer groups role ant its role on the performance of rice farming directly and through process innovation. The data sources used are primary processed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively using the SEM-PLS approach. The results of the analysis show that the performance of rice farming, process innovation is in the high category and the effectiveness of the role of farmer groups is in the effective category. Analysis of the influence of the effectiveness of farmer groups on the performance of rice farming yielded negative results but not significant. While the indirect effect states that the role of farmer groups has a positive and significant effect on the performance of rice farming through process innovation. Based on a comparison of direct and indirect effects, process innovation is the biggest contributor to improve the performance of rice farming. With these results, farmer groups must still be able to improve the realization of their role so that farmers as members of farmer groups can still improve farming performance and farmer groups must be more active in overcoming various farming problems.

PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF GINGER FARMERS IN PEATLAND, KUBU RAYA DISTRICT

Septia Lestary — 2023-03-27

The economic value of ginger agricultural commodities has many advantages as a healthy way of life for the society, and this value is reflected in the productivity of ginger farming. When used, peatlands have the potential to significantly boost ginger output, which in turn can help farmers perform more effectively. In the peatlands of Kubu Raya Regency, where ginger is grown, the purpose of this study is to investigate the technical efficacy of ginger farmers and the efforts they make to improve their crops' yields. The choice of locations for the research projects was made deliberatively with consideration given to the proximity of horticulture farmer groups. This study utilized a probability sampling approach and observed 57 representative samples of the farmers who responded to the survey. The software program known as FRONTIER 4.1 is used to aid in the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) approach of data analysis. Based on the results of the study, the t value for the variable land area was 6.71 > 2.07 and the t value for the seed variable was 5.70 > 2.07 indicating that these two variables had a considerable influence on ginger yield. This data means that the technical efficacy of ginger farmers and the efforts they make can increase ginger yields. With this, it is important for farmers to pay attention to the performance given to ginger plants planted to obtain increased income.

DEMAND ANALYSIS OF MARINE FISH IN SOUTH CILACAP SUB-DISTRICT: A LINEAR APPROXIMATE ALMOST IDEAL DEMAND SYSTEM (LA AIDS) MODEL APPROACH

Diva Tasya Salsabila — 2023-03-27

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the demand and its elasticity for marine fish in the South Cilacap Sub-District, Cilacap Regency. For data collection, interviews and questionnaires were used with respondents consisting of 100 households, while the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) was used for analysis. According to the results, the demand for marine fish was influenced by several factors, namely price, fish expenditure, income, number of family members, and tastes. Also, the price of elasticity of the four fish commodities was inelastic. Income elasticity of tuna, skipjack, and squid were inferior goods, while shrimp were luxury goods. The cross-price elasticity of the four fish commodities is more complementary. This research suggests that the relevant government agencies must improve facilities and infrastructure to maintain the quality and availability of fresh marine fish commodities. The Government through related departments or managers of local Fish Auction Places (TPI) need to improve facilities and infrastructure as well as improve infrastructure, for example providing fish coolers so that quality is maintained and ensuring the availability of fresh marine fish commodities can be maintained. Furthermore, the gemarikan program (love eating fish program) can be maximized to increase the taste and awareness, and interest of the people of Cilacap Regency in consuming marine fish as a side dish.

INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ANALYSIS AND COPING MECHANISMS OF RICE FARMER HOUSEHOLDS IN MUARA BELIDA DISTRICT MUARA ENIM REGENCY BEFORE AND DURING THE PANDEMIC

Yunita — 2023-03-29

The pandemic has brought major changes to all aspects of the society, including social and economic changes. Various limitations are experienced by almost all levels of society. This study aims to 1) analyze changes in household income and expenditure of rice farmers before and during the pandemic and 2) describe the coping mechanisms of rice farmer households during the pandemic. The method used is a survey method. Data collection is done directly through interviews using a questionnaire. The samples used were 80 farmer households which were taken through simple random sampling technique. The data were processed quantitatively and explained descriptively, then presented in tabulated form and continued with paired-sample t test. The results show that 1) there is a significant decrease in household income, which is 5.65% during the pandemic compared to the income before the pandemic, 2) there is a shift (an increase of 1.88%) in household food consumption expenditures before and during the pandemic, while household non-food expenditure decreases by 3.65% during the pandemic, and 3) The survival strategies applied by farming households during the pandemic include a combination of active strategies and passive strategies by 62.5%, a combination of passive strategies and network strategies by 36% and those applying a combination of active strategies, passive strategies and network strategies by 15%. Farmer households are expected to be able to maximize the use of their yards, fish ponds, and livestock as an additional source of livelihood or an effort to reduce household non-food expenditure.

PRODUCTION AND INCOME ANALYSIS OF DRIED FISH BUSINESS IN BENGKULU CITY

Bambang Sumantri — 2023-03-27

The research objective was to analyze the factors that influence the dried fish business and the dried fish business income in Bengkulu City. The research was conducted in Kampung Melayu District, Bengkulu City. The research population is salted and fresh dried fish. The total respondents respectively are 65 and 56 people. The analytical method used is the Cobb-Douglas production function model to answer the first objective and income analysis to answer the second objective. The results of the study concluded: (1) the results of the F test analysis of the business of making salted and fresh dried fish had a significant effect on the variable production of salted and fresh dried fish. The results of the T-test on the production model of the business of making salted dried fish have three influential factors, namely Raw Materials (BB), Labor (TK), and Dummy (D). The dry fish production model only has one factor that has a significant effect, namely Raw Materials (BB). (2) Based on the results of the analysis, the costs incurred for the production of salted dried fish are IDR 2,874,932/week and the costs incurred for the production of fresh dried fish are IDR2,392,144/week. Revenue for salted dried fish makers are IDR6,116,308/week and for fresh dried fish makers are IDR4,557,411/week. The income of the salt dried fish maker are IDR3,241,375/week and the fresh dried fish maker are IDR2,185,266/week. R/C Ratio analysis obtained efficiency values of 2.13 and 1.91 respectively so the business is carried out proved to be efficient.

POTENTIAL LEADING SECTOR TO DRIVE ECONOMIC GROWTH IN WEST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE

Iwan Harsono — 2023-03-30

West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB) has a small economy with a concentration of output to meet needs within its region and has a small proportion of trade outside the NTB region. Leading sectors are needed for faster economic growth. This study aims to describe how the structure of trade and the leading sectors drive economic growth. This research uses the descriptive quantitative method by utilizing interregional input and output data. The results indicate that the output trade structure is mostly traded within the NTB area and the majority is used for final demand. The sector with the largest output value in NTB is still the agricultural sector. However, based on sectoral linkages, the Electricity and Gas Procurement sector has the greatest capacity to encourage the progress of its upstream and downstream sectors. This means that the sector has the potential as a leading sector with the highest economic multiplier and should this sector be encouraged and continued to be spurred to boost economic growth.