Main Article Content
Abstract
It is alleged that the severity of poverty between fishing communities and farming communities is different. Therefore, the aim of this research is to compare the factors that differentiate the severity of poverty between fishing communities and farming communities in rural areas. This research took the case of fishing communities from Air Napal Sub District, Bengkulu Utara District, and farming communities from Pondok Kelapa Sub District, Bengkulu Tengah District. Data was collected through interviews, observation, group discussions, and documentation methods. Sampling was carried out using purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out using quantitative methods and qualitative-descriptive methods. The results of the research show that the level (index) of poverty severity in fishing communities is higher (more severe) than in farming communities. Other findings show that the differences in the severity of poverty between these two communities are quite high due to differences in the quality of capital systems, differences in the quality of efforts (facilities and infrastructure), differences in the quality of product marketing network systems, differences in the quality of related cooperative institutions, differences in the quality of social capital, differences in the quality of roles. relevant government agencies, and differences in weather quality and/or pests.
Keywords: severity of poverty, fishing communities, farming communities
Abstrak
Diduga tingkat keparahan kemiskinan antara masyarakat nelayan dan masyarakat petani berbeda. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan faktor-faktor yang membedakan tingkat keparahan kemiskinan antara masyarakat nelayan dan masyarakat petani di daerah pedesaan. Penelitian ini mengambil kasus komunitas nelayan dari Kecamatan Air Napal, Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara, dan komunitas petani dari Kecamatan Pondok Kelapa, Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, diskusi kelompok, dan metode dokumentasi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan metode kualitatif-deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat (indeks) keparahan kemiskinan di masyarakat nelayan lebih tinggi (lebih parah) dibandingkan di masyarakat petani. Temuan lain menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan tingkat keparahan kemiskinan antara kedua komunitas ini cukup tinggi karena perbedaan kualitas sistem permodalan, perbedaan kualitas usaha (sarana dan prasarana), perbedaan kualitas sistem jaringan pemasaran produk, perbedaan kualitas lembaga koperasi terkait, perbedaan kualitas modal sosial, perbedaan kualitas peran. instansi pemerintah terkait, dan perbedaan kualitas cuaca dan/atau hama.
Kata kunci: Tingkat Keparahan Kemiskinan, Komunitas Nelayan, Komunitas Tani
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2023 Muchamad Ridwan, Waldi Novi Yarsah
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References
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References
Ahmaddien, I., & Ahmaddien, I. (2019). Faktor determinan keparahan dan kedalaman kemiskinan jawa barat dengan regresi data panel. FORUM EKONOMI, 21(1).
Aida, K. N., Agustang, A., Arlin, A., & Agustang, A. D. M. (2020). The patron-client relationship patterns in Siwa Lima fishermen community, Aru Islands district Maluku, Indonesia. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research.
Anwar, Z. W. (2019). Miskin Di Laut Yang Kaya: Nelayan Indonesia Dan Kemiskinan. Sosioreligius, 1(4).
Arbi, M., Thirtawati, T., & Junaidi, Y. (2018). ANALISIS SALURAN DAN TINGKAT EFISIENSI PEMASARAN BERAS SEMI ORGANIK DI KECAMATAN RAMBUTAN KABUPATEN BANYUASIN. JSEP (Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics), 11(1). https://doi.org/10.19184/jsep.v11i1.7151
Arifandy, F. P., Norsain, N., & Firmansyah, I. D. (2020). PERAN KOPERASI DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEREKONOMIAN MASYARAKAT NELAYAN: PERSPEKTIF MODAL KERJA. Jurnal Akademi Akuntansi. https://doi.org/10.22219/jaa.v3i1.11665
Baehaqi Syamsu, N. (2023). Peran Koperasi Sebagai Lembaga Pemberdayaan Dalam Meningkatkan Taraf Hidup Masyarakat. Jurnal Sosial Teknologi, 3(6). https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsostech.v3i6.788
Darwis, & Zulkarnain. (2020). The Effect of Social Capital Assets to the Success of Fisherman’s Household Moving out of Poverty. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/430/1/012023
Hallegatte, S., Vogt-Schilb, A., Rozenberg, J., Bangalore, M., & Beaudet, C. (2020). From Poverty to Disaster and Back: a Review of the Literature. Economics of Disasters and Climate Change, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41885-020-00060-5
Hikmah, H., & Nasution, Z. (2018). UPAYA PERLINDUNGAN NELAYAN TERHADAP KEBERLANJUTAN USAHA PERIKANAN TANGKAP. Jurnal Kebijakan Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan Dan Perikanan, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v7i2.6464
Irwan, M. (2017). Indeks Kedalaman dan Keparahan Kemiskinan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dan Penanganannya Dalam Ekonomi Islam. Journal of Economics and Business.
Juliman, J. (2018). PEMBERDAYAAN LEMBAGA KOPERASI DI KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS. JURNAL PENELITIAN PENDIDIKAN SOSIAL HUMANIORA, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.32696/jp2sh.v2i2.61
Kharisma, B., Remi, S. S., Wardhana, A., & Minarso, D. (2020). Modal sosial dan kemiskinan di Jawa Barat. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 23(2), 317–338. https://doi.org/10.24914/jeb.v23i2.3303
Kornitasari, Y., Manzilati, A., & Efani, A. (2019). PRINCIPAL AGENT DALAM INDUSTRI PERIKANAN TANGKAP; KONTRAK YANG MENGUATKAN ATAU MELEMAHKAN? (STUDI KASUS PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI PESISIR MALANG SELATAN). Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan Dan Perikanan. https://doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v14i2.7396
Kusdiantoro, K., Fahrudin, A., Wisudo, S. H., & Juanda, B. (2019). PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI INDONESIA: POTRET DAN TANTANGAN KEBERLANJUTANNYA. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan Dan Perikanan, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v14i2.8056
Kusmiati, E., _ H., & Malinda, S. (2018). KEGIATAN STUDI PENGUATAN LEMBAGA KOPERASI PADA MASYARAKAT PETANI GARAM DI KAWASAN PESISIR PANTAI. Charity, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.25124/charity.v1i01.1585
Liu, Y., Amin, A., Rasool, S. F., & Zaman, Q. U. (2020). The role of agriculture and foreign remittances in mitigating rural poverty: Empirical evidence from Pakistan. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 13. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S235580
Lulun, F. N., Sahusilawane, A. M., & Siwalette, J. D. (2019). PENGARUH MODAL SOSIAL TERHADAP TINGKAT PENDAPATAN PETANI DI DESA WAIHERU KECAMATAN BAGUALA KOTA AMBON. Agrilan : Jurnal Agribisnis Kepulauan, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.30598/agrilan.v7i2.889
Masripah, S., & Yuliansyah, S. (2018). Sistem Informasi Pencatatan Simpan Pinjam Pada Koperasi. Jurnal Pilar Nusa Mandiri, 14(1).
Monang, S. Tambun, J., & Bangun, R. (2018). Pemodelan Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Indeks Kedalaman Kemiskinan dan Indeks Keparahan Kemiskinan Kabupaten/Kota di Sumatera Utara Menggunakan Regresi Data Panel. Publikauma : Jurnal Administrasi Publik Universitas Medan Area, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.31289/publika.v6i1.1574
Nawaz, R., Iftikhar, M., Khan, G. A., & Akhtar, S. (2022). Food Security and Vivacious Circle of Poverty Among Rural Households in Pakistan. Journal of South Asian Studies, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.33687/jsas.010.03.4437
Pang, J., Jiao, F., & Zhang, Y. (2022). An Analysis of the Impact of the Digital Economy on High-Quality Economic Development in China—A Study Based on the Effects of Supply and Demand. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/su142416991
Prasetyo, K. C. (2019). Mencegah “Tragedy of The Commons†Di Teluk Sawai dengan Sasi pada Era Otonomi Daerah. Journal of Governance Innovation. https://doi.org/10.36636/jogiv.v1i1.294
Rakhmanda, A., . S., & Supardi Djasmani, S. (2018). Role of Fisher Group in The Fisheries Development in Sadeng Coast Gunungkidul Regency. Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.22500/sodality.v6i2.23225
Ridwan, M., & In’am, A. (2021). Social Capital Deviation in Capital Assistance System: Socio-Economic Studies of Coastal Communities. Economies, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/economies9040204
Saleh, L. (2020). ANALISIS PEMASARAN PADI SAWAH DI KECAMATAN WAWOTOBI KABUPATEN KONAWE. JAS (Jurnal Agri Sains), 4(2). https://doi.org/10.36355/jas.v4i2.425
Setyawati, L. R., Avhanti, A. S., & Novarianti, A. D. (2021). Analisa Faktor Pendukung Vicious Circle of Poverty di Masyarakat Nelayan. Aksiologi : Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Ilmu Sosial, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.47134/aksiologi.v2i1.58
Suryahadi, A., Al Izzati, R., & Suryadarma, D. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 Outbreak on Poverty: An Estimation for Indonesia (Draft). SMERU Working Paper, April(April).
Susilawati, S. (2019). Analisis Pemasaran Ikan Dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Nelayan Di Kabupaten Bengkalis (Tinjauan Perspektif Ekonomi Islam). IQTISHADUNA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Kita, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.46367/iqtishaduna.v8i1.152
Vince, J., & Hardesty, B. D. (2018). Governance solutions to the tragedy of the commons that marine plastics have become. In Frontiers in Marine Science (Vol. 5, Issue JUN). https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00214
Wang, H., Zhao, Q., Bai, Y., Zhang, L., & Yu, X. (2020). Poverty and Subjective Poverty in Rural China. Social Indicators Research, 150(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-020-02303-0
Wijaya, A. B., & Fauzie, A. (2020). Pemaknaan Hidup Nelayan (Analisis Makro dan Mikro pada Kemiskinan Nelayan). Indonesian Psychological Research, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.29080/ipr.v2i2.259