Main Article Content
Abstract
[GROWTH AND YIELDS OF SORGHUM VARIETIES TREATED WITH VARIOUS DOSES OF NPK FERTILIZER IN COASTAL LAND]. Sorghum has a potential to be developed in marginal land in coastal area. Drought stress and low availability of utrients in the coastal area are the main problems in growing sorghum. Introducing the drought tolerance variety is one solution to overcome the drought stress in coastal land in order to improve sorghum yields. In addition, the treatment of NPK fertilizer is needed to fulfill the nutrients requirements for growth and yields. This research aims to determine the best sorghum variety and an appropriate dose of NPK fertilizer for the growing sorghum in coastal land. Field experiment was conducted at the coastal area in Bengkulu City from August until November 2021. The experiment was arranged in Randomized Completely Blok Design with two factors. That were sorghum varieties (Numbu, Super 2 and Kawali) and NPK fertilizer doses (150 kg/ha, 300 kg/ha and 450 kg/ha). The results showed that the interaction between sorghum variety and NPK fertilizer dose were not significant on the growth and sorghum yields. Numbu varieties produced the highest panicle weight per plant of 69.42 gram. The research concluded that Numbu variety showed the best growth and yields compare two other varieties. The maximum growth and yield of sorghum in coastal land were observed at NPK 450 kg/ha dose.
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References
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- Johnson, S.M., Lim, F.L., Finkler, A., Fromm, H. & Slabas, A.R. (2014). Transcriptomic analysis of Sorghum bicolor responding to combined heat and drought stress. BMC Genomics, 15,456.
- Lemaire, G., Charrier, X. & Hebert, Y. (1996). Nitrogen uptake capacities of maize and sorghum crops in different nitrogen and water supply conditions. Agronomie, 16, 231-246.
- Mattjik, A.A. & Sumertajaya, I.M. (2006). Perancangan Percobaan dengan Aplikasi SAS dan MINITAB. IPB Press., Bogor.
- Nakamura, T., Joseph, J., Adu-Gyamfi, Yamamoto, A., Ishikawa, S., Nakano, H. & Ito, O. (2002). Variental differences in root growth as related to nitrogen uptake by sorghum plants in low-nitrogen environment.Plant and Soil,245,17-24.
- Sarshad, A., Talei, D., Torabi, M., Rafiel, F. & Nejatkah, P. (2021). Morphological and bio-chemical responses of Sorghum bicolor L. Moench under drought stress. SN Applied Sciences, 3, 81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03977-4.
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- Susilo, D. E. H. (2015). Identifikasi nilai konstanta bentuk daun untuk pengukuran luas daun metode panjang kali lebar pada tanaman hortikultura di tanah gambut. Anterior Jurnal, 14(2),139 – 146.
- Susilo, E. Fahrurrozi. & Sumardi. 2020. Pengembangan produksi sorgum di lahan rawa : kajian pemanfaatan alelopati sebagai bioherbisida. Jurnal Agroqua: Media Informasi Agronomi dan Budidaya Perairan, 18(1),75-107. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.32663/ja.v18i1.1215.
- Sutrisna, N., Sunandar, N. & Zubair, A. (2013). Uji adaptasi beberapa varietas sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) pada lahan kering di Kabupaten Ciamis, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Lahan Supoptimal, 2(2), 137-143.
- Syafruddin & Akil, M. (2013). Pengelolaan hara pada tanaman sorgum. Dalam Sumarno, D.S. Damardjati, M. Syam dan Hermanto (Eds). Sorgum Inovasi Teknologi dan Pengembangan. IAARD Press.,BadanPenelitiandan Pengembangan Pertanian Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta.
- Syahfriani, Taryono & Suprianta. (2012). Efisiensi penggunaan nitrogen sepuluh kultivar sorgum manis (Sorghum bicolor L.(Moench)). Vegetalika, 1(1). DOI:https://doi.org/10.22146/ veg.1395.
- Tabri, F. & Zubachtirodin. (2013). Budidaya tanaman sorgum. Dalam
- Sumarno, D.S. Damardjati, M. Syam dan Hermanto (Eds). Sorgum Inovasi Teknologi dan Pengembangan. IAARD Press. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta.
- Yunita, T. R., Taryono & Nasrullah. (2012). Keragaan sorgum manis (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) pada kondisi tercekam kekeringan. Vegetalika, 1(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.1363.
- Yuwono, N.W. (2009). Membangun kesuburan tanah di lahan marginal. Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan, 9(2),137-141.
References
Andayani, R. D. (2020). Respon sorgum (Sorghum bicolor) terhadap pengurangan dosis pupuk anjuran. Buana Sains, 20(2),209-216.
Asadi, M. & Eshghizadeh, H.R. ( 2021). Response of sorghum genotypes to water dificit stress under different CO2 and nitrogen levels. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 158,255-264. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy. 2020. 11.010.
BalitSereal (Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sereal). (2021). Database Sorgum (Daftar Varietas Sorgum Balit-sereal). http://balitsereal.litbang.pertanian. go. id/varietas-sorgum/. 24 Maret 2021.
BalitSereal (Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia). (2019). Varietas Unggul Sorgum. Seri Tanaman Pangan. Pusat Perpustakaan dan Penyebaran Tek-nologi Pertanian Kementerian Pertanian Republik Indonesia, Sulawesi Selatan.
Bertham, Y.H., Nusantara, A.D., Murcitro, B.G. & Arifin, Z. (2020). Perubahan karakteristik tanah dan penampilan beberapa varietas padi gogo pada kawasan pesisir dengan penambahan pupuk hayati dan biokompos. J.Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 22(2), 79-84. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.31186/jipi.22.2.79-84.
Chaniago, I., Syarif, A. & Riviona, P. (2017). Sorghum seedling drought response: in search of tolerant genotypes. International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering Information Technology, 7(3), 892-897.
Chen, D., Wang, S., Xiong, B., Cao, B. & Deng, X. (2015). Carbon/nitrogen imbalance associated with drought induced leaf senescence in Sorghum bicolor. Plos One, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137026.
Espinoza, L. (2013). Fertilization and liming. Grain sorghum production handbook., United States Department of Agriculture, and County Gover ments Cooperating, University of Arkansas, 21-24. https://www.uaex.edu/publications/pdf/mp297/4_fertilization_lime.pdf.
Johnson, S.M., Lim, F.L., Finkler, A., Fromm, H. & Slabas, A.R. (2014). Transcriptomic analysis of Sorghum bicolor responding to combined heat and drought stress. BMC Genomics, 15,456.
Lemaire, G., Charrier, X. & Hebert, Y. (1996). Nitrogen uptake capacities of maize and sorghum crops in different nitrogen and water supply conditions. Agronomie, 16, 231-246.
Mattjik, A.A. & Sumertajaya, I.M. (2006). Perancangan Percobaan dengan Aplikasi SAS dan MINITAB. IPB Press., Bogor.
Nakamura, T., Joseph, J., Adu-Gyamfi, Yamamoto, A., Ishikawa, S., Nakano, H. & Ito, O. (2002). Variental differences in root growth as related to nitrogen uptake by sorghum plants in low-nitrogen environment.Plant and Soil,245,17-24.
Sarshad, A., Talei, D., Torabi, M., Rafiel, F. & Nejatkah, P. (2021). Morphological and bio-chemical responses of Sorghum bicolor L. Moench under drought stress. SN Applied Sciences, 3, 81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03977-4.
Sawargaonkar, G.L., Patil, M.D., Wani, S.P., Pavani, E., Reddy, B.V.S.R. & Marimuthu, S. (2013). Nitrogen response and nitrogen efficiency of sweet sorghum cultivars. Field Crop Research, 149, 245-251. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.05.009.
Siregar, D.S. & Mardiyah, A. (2018). Uji adaptasi beberapa varietas sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) pada pada lahan sawah tadah hujan di desa Marang Sutui Kota Langsa. Agrosamudra, 5(2), 80-86.
Sitepu, L., Zuhry, E. & Nurbaiti. (2015). Aplikasi beberapa dosis pupuk fosfor untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi beberapa varietas sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L). Moench). Jom Faperta, 2(2).
Sopandie, D. (2013). Fisiologi Adaptasi Tanaman terhadap Cekaman Abiotik pada Agroekosistem Tropika. IPB Press., Bogor.
Subagio, H. & Suryawati. (2013). Wilayah Penghasil dan Ragam Penggunaan Sorgum di Indonesia. Dalam Sumarno, D. D. Said, M. Syam dan Hermanto (Eds). Sorgum Inovasi Teknologi dan Pengembangan. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kementerian Pertanian. IAARD Press, Jakarta.
Suminar, R., Suwarto & Purnamawati, H. (2017). Penentuan dosis optimum pemupukan N, P dan K pada sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Moench. JIPI, 22(1), 6-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10. 18343/jipi.22.1.6.
Susilo, D. E. H. (2015). Identifikasi nilai konstanta bentuk daun untuk pengukuran luas daun metode panjang kali lebar pada tanaman hortikultura di tanah gambut. Anterior Jurnal, 14(2),139 – 146.
Susilo, E. Fahrurrozi. & Sumardi. 2020. Pengembangan produksi sorgum di lahan rawa : kajian pemanfaatan alelopati sebagai bioherbisida. Jurnal Agroqua: Media Informasi Agronomi dan Budidaya Perairan, 18(1),75-107. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.32663/ja.v18i1.1215.
Sutrisna, N., Sunandar, N. & Zubair, A. (2013). Uji adaptasi beberapa varietas sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) pada lahan kering di Kabupaten Ciamis, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Lahan Supoptimal, 2(2), 137-143.
Syafruddin & Akil, M. (2013). Pengelolaan hara pada tanaman sorgum. Dalam Sumarno, D.S. Damardjati, M. Syam dan Hermanto (Eds). Sorgum Inovasi Teknologi dan Pengembangan. IAARD Press.,BadanPenelitiandan Pengembangan Pertanian Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta.
Syahfriani, Taryono & Suprianta. (2012). Efisiensi penggunaan nitrogen sepuluh kultivar sorgum manis (Sorghum bicolor L.(Moench)). Vegetalika, 1(1). DOI:https://doi.org/10.22146/ veg.1395.
Tabri, F. & Zubachtirodin. (2013). Budidaya tanaman sorgum. Dalam
Sumarno, D.S. Damardjati, M. Syam dan Hermanto (Eds). Sorgum Inovasi Teknologi dan Pengembangan. IAARD Press. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Kementerian Pertanian, Jakarta.
Yunita, T. R., Taryono & Nasrullah. (2012). Keragaan sorgum manis (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) pada kondisi tercekam kekeringan. Vegetalika, 1(2). DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.1363.
Yuwono, N.W. (2009). Membangun kesuburan tanah di lahan marginal. Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan, 9(2),137-141.