Main Article Content
Abstract
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed is useful for human health due to its oil containing antioxidant. In Indonesia, sesame seed are currently stored by using conventional method that is by drying prior to storage. In this research we attempted to obtain optimal condition for storage of sesame seeds conducted by 2 methods that is cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C) for 24 hour, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks and storage at low temperature (-40 °C) for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 months. Prior to cryopreserve in liquid nitrogen for 24 hours, the seeds were dried in desiccator for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 hours. Seeds were thawed at 28 °C for 60 minutes before germination. Result showed that germination percentage of sesame seeds before and after cryopreservation (93.0 - 99.0%), after storage at low temperature (98.3 - 100%) were not significantly different. Thereby both the methods can be recommended for local sesame seeds storage, eventhough cryopreservation method more efficient than storage at low temperature.
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References
- Chai, J., R. Ma, L. Li and Y. Du. 1998. Optimum moisture contents of seeds stored at ambient temperatures. Seed Science Research 8 Supplement. 1 : 23-28.
- Cromarty, A.S., Ellis, R.H., and Roberts, E.H. 1990. The Design of Seed Storage Facilities for Genetic Conservation. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome.
- De Carvalho, P.G.B, F. Borghetti, M.S. Buckeridge, L. Morhy and E.X.F.
- Filho. 2001. Temperature-dependent germination and endo-ß-mannase activity in sesame seeds. R. Bras. Fisiol.Veg., 13(2) : 139-148.
- Dussert S., N. Chabrillange, F. Engelmann, F. Anthony, J. Louarn and S. Hamon. 1998. Cryopreservation of seeds of four coffee species (Coffea arabica, C. Costatifructa,
- C. Racemosa and C. Sessiliflora) : importance of water content and cooling rate. Seed Science Research 8 : 9-15.
- Gonzalez-Benito, M.E., F. Fernandez-Llorente and
- F. Perez-Garcia. 1998. Interaction between cryopreservation, rewarming rate and seed humidification on the germination of two Spanish endemic species. Annals of Botany 82: 683-686.
- Hu, X., Y. Zhang, C. Hu, M. Tao and S. Chen. 1998. A comparison of methods for drying seeds : vacuum freeze-dryer versus silica- gel. Seed Science Research 1 : 29-33.
- ISTA (International Seed Testing Association). 1996. International Rules for Seed Testing, 1996. Seed Science and Technology 21(Suppl.): 1B288.
- Potts, S.E. and T.A. Lumpkin. 1997. Cryopreservation of Wasabia spp. seeds. Cryo-Letters 18 : 185-190.
- Salomao, A.N. 2002. Tropical seeds species’ responses to liquid nitrogen exposure. Braz. J. Plant Physiol. 14(2) : 133-138.
- Schmidt, L. 2000. Guide to handling of tropical and subtropical forest seed. Danida Forest Seed Centre.
- Sumiasri, N., D. Priadi, dan N.S. Indarto. 1999. Pengaruh penyimpanan suhu rendah dan pembugaran biji terhadap pertumbuhan biji mangium (Acacia mangium Willd). Dinamika Pertanian XIV 2: 29-42.
- Takebayashi, K., A. Mimura, A. Ichikawa, M.
- Niwano, Y. Takahara and T. Osawa. 1994. Cultivation of Sesamum indicum L. callus cells at 35°C. Plant Tissue Culture Letters 11(2) : 129-133.
- Weiss, E.A. and de la Cruz, Q.D. 2002. Sesamum orientale L. p. 123-128. In van der Vossen,
- H.A.M. and Umali, B.E. (Eds). Plant Resources of South East Asia No.14 Vegetable oils and fats. Prosea Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia
References
Chai, J., R. Ma, L. Li and Y. Du. 1998. Optimum moisture contents of seeds stored at ambient temperatures. Seed Science Research 8 Supplement. 1 : 23-28.
Cromarty, A.S., Ellis, R.H., and Roberts, E.H. 1990. The Design of Seed Storage Facilities for Genetic Conservation. International Board for Plant Genetic Resources, Rome.
De Carvalho, P.G.B, F. Borghetti, M.S. Buckeridge, L. Morhy and E.X.F.
Filho. 2001. Temperature-dependent germination and endo-ß-mannase activity in sesame seeds. R. Bras. Fisiol.Veg., 13(2) : 139-148.
Dussert S., N. Chabrillange, F. Engelmann, F. Anthony, J. Louarn and S. Hamon. 1998. Cryopreservation of seeds of four coffee species (Coffea arabica, C. Costatifructa,
C. Racemosa and C. Sessiliflora) : importance of water content and cooling rate. Seed Science Research 8 : 9-15.
Gonzalez-Benito, M.E., F. Fernandez-Llorente and
F. Perez-Garcia. 1998. Interaction between cryopreservation, rewarming rate and seed humidification on the germination of two Spanish endemic species. Annals of Botany 82: 683-686.
Hu, X., Y. Zhang, C. Hu, M. Tao and S. Chen. 1998. A comparison of methods for drying seeds : vacuum freeze-dryer versus silica- gel. Seed Science Research 1 : 29-33.
ISTA (International Seed Testing Association). 1996. International Rules for Seed Testing, 1996. Seed Science and Technology 21(Suppl.): 1B288.
Potts, S.E. and T.A. Lumpkin. 1997. Cryopreservation of Wasabia spp. seeds. Cryo-Letters 18 : 185-190.
Salomao, A.N. 2002. Tropical seeds species’ responses to liquid nitrogen exposure. Braz. J. Plant Physiol. 14(2) : 133-138.
Schmidt, L. 2000. Guide to handling of tropical and subtropical forest seed. Danida Forest Seed Centre.
Sumiasri, N., D. Priadi, dan N.S. Indarto. 1999. Pengaruh penyimpanan suhu rendah dan pembugaran biji terhadap pertumbuhan biji mangium (Acacia mangium Willd). Dinamika Pertanian XIV 2: 29-42.
Takebayashi, K., A. Mimura, A. Ichikawa, M.
Niwano, Y. Takahara and T. Osawa. 1994. Cultivation of Sesamum indicum L. callus cells at 35°C. Plant Tissue Culture Letters 11(2) : 129-133.
Weiss, E.A. and de la Cruz, Q.D. 2002. Sesamum orientale L. p. 123-128. In van der Vossen,
H.A.M. and Umali, B.E. (Eds). Plant Resources of South East Asia No.14 Vegetable oils and fats. Prosea Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia