ALOTROP

SINTESIS SILIKA DARI LIMBAH BOTOL KACA BAHAN KIMIA MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAKSI ALKALI FUSI DENGAN METODE SOL GEL

2025-05-26T02:22:53+00:00

Chemical glass bottle waste can be used to make silica gel due to its high content of SiO₂ composition. The aim of this research is to obtain silica which is extracted from chemical waste from glass chemical bottles and synthesized using the sol gel method. Chemical glass bottle waste can be extracted by alkali fusion. The mass ratio of glass powder: NaOH is 1:3. The calcination process is carried out at 800°C within 4 hours to obtain sodium silicate. Sodium silicate was then synthesized using the sol gel method by reacting with HCl to form a white gel. The gel was then left for 18 hours, then filtered. The resulting precipitate was washed until it reached pH 7. The drying process was in an oven at 80°C for 12 hours. The final product is white silica gel which was characterized using FTIR and XRD. FTIR was used to obtain typical absorption bands, such as the siloxane ring 447.5 cm^-1, as well as the symmetric and asymmetric Si-O-Si stretching vibrations, namely 702.11 cm^-1 and 1022.31 cm^-1 , respectively. The XRD results produced a characteristic peak at 2 theta around 22-25°, which means that the silica gel structure obtained in this study has amorphous properties.

Keywords: Synthesis; silica gel; chemical glass bottle waste

EKSTRAK BATANG “AKAR KAIK-KAIK” ( Uncaria Cordata Lour. ) Merr SEBAGAI ANTIDIABETES PADA MENCIT YANG DI INDUKSI ALOKSAN

2025-06-03T04:08:06+00:00

[EXTRACT OF “KAIK-KAIK ROOT” STEM (Uncaria Cordata Lour.) Merr AS AN ANTIDIABETES IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED MICE] This research aims to determine the effect of giving kaik-kaik root stem extract (Uncaria cordata Lour. Merr) on the blood sugar levels of mice (Mus musculus) induced by alloxan. This reseacrh began with a phytochemical test conducted to determine the secondary metabolite compounds contained in the root stem of kaik-kaik (Uncaria cordata Lour. Merr). Extraction is done by maceration method. Antidiabetic activity test was carried out on male mice induced by alloxan. The results of the phytochemical test showed that the stem extract of Uncaria cordata contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and terpenoids. The results of the antidiabetic activity test showed that the Uncaria cordata stem extract was able to reduce blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced mice with the optimal dose of Uncaria cordata stem extract at a dose of 0.043 g/kgBB. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the stem of Uncaria cordata has antidiabetic activity.

Keywords: Antidiabetic, Kaik-Kaik Root Stem, Uncaria cordata Lour. Merr, Alloxan

PENGEMBANGAN E-LKPD KIMIA BERBASIS ICARE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS PADA MATERI HIDROLISIS GARAM

2025-06-10T04:49:33+00:00

This research is a research and development of ICARE-based chemical learning e-worksheet which aims to determine the feasibility of learning e-worksheet, student responses, students' scientific process skills based on observation and improvement of science process skills after using ICARE-based chemical learning e-worksheet. The development model used was ADDIE. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 7 Bengkulu City with the research subjects being 12 students of class XI MIPA 5 for the small group trial, and 36 students of class XI MIPA 4 for the large group trial. The instruments in this study were interview sheets, student need questionnaires, validation sheets, student response questionnaires, observation sheets, and tests. From the results of the study, it was found that (1) ICARE-based chemical learning e-worksheet was categorized very feasible by media and materials experts with a percentage of media and material aspects of 93.89% and material of 89.76%, (2) student responses to chemical- based learning e-worksheet. ICARE is in the very good category with an average percentage of 89.90%, (3) students' science process skills based on observation get an average percentage of 82.84% in a good category, and (4) after using ICARE-based chemical learning e-worksheet on salt hydrolysis materials showed an increase in six indicators of science process skills as measured by an average N-gain score of 0.65 on the moderate criteria.

Keywords: Learning e-worksheet; ICARE; Science Process Skills; Salt Hydrolysis Materials

ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL OF SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES (SLNS) FROM KABAU SEED (ARCHIDENDRON BUBALINUM (JACK) I.C. NIELSEN) EXTRACT COATED WITH TRIMYRISTIN

2025-06-03T04:43:54+00:00

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a global health problem that continues to increase. One alternative approach in managing diabetes is using natural materials with antihyperglycemic activity. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) containing Kabau seed extract (Archidendron bubalinum (Jack) I.C. Nielsen) coated with trimyristin in reducing blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic rats. Extraction was carried out by maceration using 96% ethanol, while SLN was synthesized by high-speed homogenization and ultrasonication methods. Particle size analysis showed an average diameter of 262.61 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.144, indicating a homogeneous formulation. Phytochemical testing showed that Kabau seed extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins contributing to antihyperglycemic activity. In vivo tests on Mus musculus showed that 20 % concentration of Kabau SLN reduced blood glucose levels by up to 97 mg/dL, approaching the effectiveness of metformin (104 mg/dL). Statistical analysis of ANOVA and BNT test showed significant differences between treatments. These results indicate that Kabau SLN has the potential as a candidate for phytopharmaceuticals in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Kabau; solid lipid nanoparticles; trimyristin; flavonoids

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN POWER POINT DENGAN ISPRING SUITE 9 PADA MATERI LARUTAN PENYANGGA DI SMAN 8 KOTA BENGKULU

2025-06-19T04:15:46+00:00

This study aims to test the feasibility of the developed learning media and determine student responses using the ADDIE development model. The data collection instruments used were in the form of interviews with chemistry teachers, validation sheets and student response questionnaires. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 08 Bengkulu City to 30 students of class XI IPA 4. From the research results obtained, the feasibility level of Learning Media in the media aspect is 95.32% while the material aspect is 82.5%. The average percentage of the feasibility level of the Learning Media developed is 89.25%. Based on the results of validation by the Learning Media validator, the developed media is very valid, and based on the results of product trials, the student responses get a percentage of 88.85% which is in the very good category. The results of this study indicate that the Power Point Learning Media with Ispring Suite 9 on the buffer solution material that has been developed is very feasible to use and feasible to be applied to the learning process

Keywords: Research and Development; Learning Media; Power Point; Ispring Suite 9; buffer solution

EFEK PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK AIR DAUN PLUKENETIA VOLUBILIS (SACHA INCHI) TERHADAP KADAR TRIGLISERIDA PADA MENCIT DIABETES MELITUS

2025-06-19T03:21:29+00:00

This research aims to determine the content of secondary metabolites and the effect of administration and effective dose of water extract of Plukenetia Volubilis (sacha inchi) leaves on triglyceride levels in diabetic mice. The research design is experimental with the pre-post test method and control group design. The samples used were 21 male white mice which were divided into 7 groups, namely the normal group, the positive control group (given glibenclamide), the negative group (only alloxan), and the treatment group (treated with sacha inchi leaf water extract) with different doses that is dosis dosis 0,26 g/kgBB, 0,525 g/kgBB, 0,525 g/kgBB (boiled water), 1,05 g/kgBB. Taking glucose and triglyceride data was checked 3 times within 10 days using a glucometer and lipid pro. The data analysis used the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method with the Statistical Package For Social Science (SPSS) Statistic IBM 23. This research began with testing of phytochemical compounds to determine secondary metabolism. Phytochemical test results with aqueous extract of Plukenetia Volubilis leaves contain tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and flavonoids. During 10 days of testing blood glucose and triglyceride levels on mice induced by alloxan, the effective dose was reduced on day 7 with a dose of 4 (1,05 g/kgBB). Based on the results of this research , it can be concluded that Plukenetia Volumbilis (Sacha Inchi) leaf water extract was detected to reduce blood glucose levels in mice and reduce blood triglyceride levels in mice for a certain time.

Keywords : Triglycerides, Diabetes, Sacha Inchi, Plukenetia Volumbilis, Aloksan

PENGEMBANGAN MULTIMEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS ANDROID PADA MATERI LARUTAN ELEKTROLIT DAN NON ELEKTROLIT

2025-06-03T04:12:39+00:00

Development of Interactive Learning Multimedia Based on Android on Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution Materials]. This research aims to find out the level of eligibility and response of learners to android-based interactive learning multimedia on electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials developed. The research was conducted in March-June 2021 at Bengkulu University and State High School 3 Bengkulu City. The development model used, namely the 4-D (Four-D) model from Thiagarajan which is limited to the developing stage. The sample used in the small-scale trial was one class XI MIPA 2 totaling 36 people. Research data is obtained from the validation questionnaire of material experts and media experts as well as the response questionnaire of learners. From the results of the research obtained the level of feasibility of interactive learning multimedia in material aspects by 89.4% and media aspects by 94.2%, so that interactive learning multimedia can be categorized as very valid. The results of learners' responses to multimedia interactive learning in small-scale trials obtained a percentage of 81.52% with very interesting categories. The results of this study show that android-based interactive learning multimedia that has been developed is very feasible for use in the learning process.

Keywords: Interactive Learning; Multimedia; Android; Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution

OPTIMIZATION OF ACID-BASE TITRATION PRACTICES THROUGH GUIDED INQUIRY TO IMPROVE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS SKILLS AND REPORT SCORES

2025-06-17T03:31:53+00:00

Students generally have difficulty understanding chemistry learning material on acid-base titrations. Learning is still teacher-centered and there is little student activity in playing a role in the learning process. Objective: to discover science process skills and the value of guided inquiry-based acid-base titration practical reports. Method: quantitative descriptive, class XI MIPA 1 MAN 11 South Jakarta. The sample was 34 students using purposive random sampling. Data were collected using a 23-item questionnaire from indicators of science process skills in practical acid-base titration material and practical report grades. Research results: the implementation of guided inquiry-based acid-base titration practical learning showed good results. The average final score for students' practicum report results was 86.941, the standard deviation was 4.313. This indicates that the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM) set by the school of 80 has been achieved. The highest percentage of science process skills in the observing indicator is 82.6%. And the indicators of grouping, predicting, hypothesizing, applying concepts, interpreting, planning experiments, and using tools are categorized as good. Meanwhile, 2 other indicators are in the sufficient category, namely the indicator of asking questions 53.8% and communicating 60.6%. Conclusion: An acid-base titration practicum using the guided inquiry learning model can improve learning outcomes and develop students' science process skills.

Keywords: Guided Inquiry; Science Process Skills; Practicum Report Value; Practicum.

PROBLEMATIKA PENERAPAN KURIKULUM MERDEKA PADA GURU MATA PELAJARAN KIMIA

2025-06-17T03:29:42+00:00

Kurikulum merdeka adalah kurikulum yang dirancang berfokus kepada siswa dengan memiliki prinsip pengembangan kompetensi dan karakter, fleksibel, dan juga berfokus pada muatan esensial. Namun, dalam penerapan kurikulum merdeka tidak terlepas dari permasalahan yang ada di lapangan, salah satunya yang dirasakan oleh guru mata pelajaran Kimia di SMAN 1 Rumpin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan permasalahan penerapan kurikulum merdeka yang dirasakan oleh guru kimia di SMAN 1 Rumpin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara semi struktur, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data Miles Huberman dan Saldana yang terdiri dari data condentation, data display, dan conclusion: drawing/verification. Penelitian ini menemukan delapan temuan yang menunjukan permasalahan yang dirasakan oleh guru kimia di SMAN 1 Rumpin dalam menerapkan kurikulum merdeka diantaranya: kurangnya kesiapan guru dalam menerapkan kurikulum merdeka, kendala dalam menerapkan strategi pembelajaran, rendahnya minat siswa, kurangnya sumber daya manusia, fasilitas, dan finansial, keterbatasan waktu, kendala dalam menerapkan Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila (P5), beban kerja, dan kurangnya dukungan dari stakeholder (pemerintah, kolaborasi guru, dan orang tua).

Kata kunci: Problematika implementasi; Kurikulum Merdeka; guru mata pelajaran kimia.

SINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL ZnO MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK DAUN MANGGA (Mangifera sp.) DAN STUDI APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI FOTODEGRADASI CONGO REDd

2025-04-28T03:33:35+00:00

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a widely studied semiconductor material due to its broad range of applications. ZnO is known for its stability and can be synthesized using various methods. One of the approaches employed in this study is the co-precipitation method with a green synthesis approach. The green synthesis principle applied in this research involves minimizing the use of synthetic chemicals by substituting them with natural materials. Mango leaves (Mangifera sp.), which are readily available in the environment, contain secondary metabolites which can act as the capping agents in synthesis ZnO nanoparticle. The role of the capping agent is to limit particle interactions, thereby reducing agglomeration. ZnO synthesis was carried out at a low temperature by mixing Zn²⁺ precursor, NaOH, and mangifera sp. leaf extract, followed by stirring. The heating process was conducted at 130°C for 4 hours. The synthesized material was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-DRS, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characterization results confirmed that the ZnO sample exhibited a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure, a nanoflower morphology, and a band gap energy of 3.26 eV.

Keywords: ZnO; nanoparticles; photocatalyst; congo red; co-precipitation.