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Abstract
Desa Malakoni Pulau Enggano memiliki ekosistem pesisir meliputi ekosistem mangrove, lamun, dan terumbu karang. Ekosistem terumbu karang di Desa Malakoni hampir tersebar di seluruh pantai Desa Malakoni dan termasuk dalam kategori sedang hingga baik (41.56%-52.2%) dengan rata-rata 46.93%. Keadaan terumbu karang pada perairan Desa Malakoni menyebabkan ikan terumbu sangat melimpah dan beragam sehingga menjadi salah satu sumber pangan bagi masyarakatnya. Informasi jenis-jenis ikan terumbu di perairan Desa malakoni saat ini belum diketahui, sehingga perlu diidentifikasi untuk pengelolaannya. Pengamatan ikan terumbu dilakukan dengan metode survey menggunakan teknik underwater fish visual census (UVC) dengan acuan area sampling terumbu karang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan 140 spesies dari 31 famili dengan kelimpahan total dari semua stasiun pengamatan sebesar 26.144 ind./ha. Jenis ikan indikator ada 16 spesies dari 1 famili, ikan mayor 63 spesies dari 15 famili dan ikan target 62 spesies dari 15 famili. Hasil analisis persentase komposisi ikan berdasarkan kelompoknya di Perairan Desa Malakoni memiliki persentase ikan indikator 6%, ikan mayor 33% dan ikan target 61% dengan 8 status tropik ikan terumbu.
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References
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References
Allen, G.L., Steene, R., & Humann, P. 2003. Reef Fish Identification Tropical Pacific. Frorida USA: New World Publication Inc, Jacksonville.
Allen, G.R. 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6): 28 p.
Allen, G.R. & Erdmann, M. V. 2012. Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai’i Press, Volumes II. Tropical Reef Research. 1,292 pp.
Burkepile, D.E., & Hay, M.E. 2001. Feeding Complementarity Versus Redundancy Among Herbivorous Fishes on a Caribbean reef. Coral Reefs. 30: 351-362.
COREMAP. 2006. Daerah Perlindungan Laut Berbasis Masyarakat. Jakarta: Departemen Kelautan dan Perikanan.
English, S., C. Wilkinson & V. Baker. 1997. Survey Manual for Tropical Marine Resources. Second Edition. Twonsville : Australian Institute of Marine Science.
Green, A.L., & Bellwood, D.R. 2009. Monitoring functional groups of herbivorous reef fishes as indicators of coral reef resilience-A practical guide for coral reef managers in the Asia Pacific region. IUCN working group on Climate Change on Coral Reefs. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 7 pages.
Ledlie, M.H., Graham, N.A.J., Bythell, J.C., Wilson, S.K., Jenning, S., Polunin, N.V.C., & Hardcastle, J. 2007. Phase Shifts and The Role of Herbivory in The Resilience of Coral Reefs. Coral Reefs. 26: 641-653.
Miller, M. W., & Falace, A. 2000. Evaluation Methods For Trophic Resource Factors-Nutrients, Primary Production, and Associated Assemblages. Artificial Reef Evaluation with Application to Natural Marine Habitats. New York : CRC Press.
Odum, E. P. 1993. Fundamental of Ecology. Dasar-dasar Ekologi (Alih bahasa oleh: saminganT,B Srigandono). Yogyakarta : Gajah Mada Universitas prees.
Panggabean, A. S. 2016. Keanekaragaman jenis ikan terumbu dan kondisi kesehatan karang di Pulau Gof Kecil dan Yep Nabi Kepulauan Raja Ampat. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia. 18(2):19-115.
Parenden D., Tebayi S., & Sawaki D. J. 2019. Keanekaragaman Jenis dan Biomassa Ikan terumbu (spesies target) di Perairan Pesisir Kampung Oransbari Kabupaten Manokwari Selatan. Jurnal Pengelolaan Perikanan Tropis. 2(1): 52-6.
Paulangan, Y. P., Fahrudin, A., Sutrisno, D., & Bengen, D. G. 2019. Keanekaragaman dan Kemiripan Bentuk Profil Terumbu Berdasarkan Ikan terumbu dan Lifeform Karang Di Teluk Depapre Jayapura, Provinsi Papua, Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis. 11(2): 249-262.
Prasetya, S. H., Munasik, & Ambariyanto. 2014. Estimasi Daya Dukung Terumbu Karang Berdasarkan Biomassa Ikan terumbu di Perairan Misool Selatan, Raja Ampat, Papua Barat. Journal Of Marine Research. 3(3): 233-243.
Ulfah, M., Fazillah, M. R., Turnip, I. N., & Seragih, A. 2002. Studi Temporal Komunitas Ikan terumbu (214-218) Pada Perairan Kecamatan Mesjid Raya Dan Peukan Bada, Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis. 12(1): 183-193.
Wilopo, M. D., Utami, M. A. F., Santoso, H., Harefa, F., Permanda, E. E., & Rahman, Z. A. 2021. Struktur Komunitas Terumbu Karang Di Perairan Desa Malakoni Pulau Enggano. Naturalis:Jurnal Penelitian Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam dan Lingkungan. 1(1): 214-226.