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Abstract
Pulau Enggano merupakan salah satu pulau terluar di Indonesia yang memiliki keragaman biota yang cukup tinggi, salah satunya adalah hewan spons. Spons adalah sekelompok hewan multiseluler, memiliki ciri tubuh berpori, dan organisme invertebrata berguna dalam memproduksi senyawa bioaktif. Bakteri yang terkait dengan spons dapat menjadi sumber alternatif senyawa bioaktif baru, terutama antimikrob. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bakteri yang terkait dengan Aplysina sp. asal Pulau Enggano sebagai penghasil senyawa antimikrob melawan mikrob patogen. Total 263 isolat berhasil diisolasi pada media agar-agar Sea water Complete (SWC). Isolat bakteri potensial selanjutnya diidentifikasi dengan pengamatan morfologi, pewarnaan Gram, serta dilanjutkan dengan uji biokimia. Hasil uji aktivitas antimikrob dari 16 isolat terpilih melalui uji antagonis, supernatan dan pelet terhadap mikrob patogen Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa dan Candida albicans menunjukkan bahwa isolat ENG-4 memiliki kemampuanmenghambat pada dua mikrob pathogen yaitu E. coli, S. aureus. Isolat ENG-4 termasuk ke dalam bakteri gram positif dan merujuk pada genus Bacillus berdasarkan uji biokimia.
POTENTIAL OF ISOLATE Bacillus sp. ENG-4 ASSOCIATED WITH MARINE SPONGE Aplysina sp. PRODUCING ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOUNDS FROM ENGGANO ISLAND. Enggano Island is one of the outer islands in Indonesia that has a high diversity of marine biota, one of them are sponges. Sponge is a group of multicellular animals, has a characteristic porous body, and invertebrate organisms are useful in producing bioactive compounds. Bacteria associated with sponges can be an alternative source of new bioactive compounds, especially antimicrobial. This study aims to determine the potential of bacteria associated with Aplysina sp. from Enggano island as a producer of antimicrobial compounds against pathogenic microbes. Total 263 isolates were successfully isolated in Sea water Complete (SWC) agar media. Potential isolates were further identified morphologically, Gram staining, and also biochemical tests. The results of the antimicrobial activity test of 16 selected isolates through antagonist, supernatant and pellet tests on pathogenic microbes of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Candida albicans showed that the ENG-4 isolate had the ability to inhibit two spesies of pathogens which are E. coli and S. aureus. ENG-4 isolate belong to gram-positive bacteria and refer to the genus Bacillus based on biochemical tests.
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References
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- Hentschel, Ute., Michael., Schmid, Michael, Wagner., Lars, Fieseler., Christine., Gernert, Jorg., Hacker. 2001. Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of bacteria with antimicrobial activities from the Mediterranean sponges Aplysina aerophoba and Aplysina cavernicola. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 35: 305- 312.
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- Taylor, M. W., Radax, R., Steger, D., Taylor, M. W., Radax, R., Steger, D., & Wagner, M. 2007. Sponge-Associated Microorganisms : Evolution, Ecology, and Biotechnological Potential Sponge-Associated Microorganisms : Evolution, Ecology, and Biotechnological Potential. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 71(2), 295.
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- Wahyudi, A.T., Priyanto, J.A., Maharsiwi, W., Astuti, R.I. 2018. Screening and Characterization of Sponge-Associated Bacteria Producing Bioactive Compounds Anti- Vibrio sp. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 3, 221–229.
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References
Davis, W. W., Stout, T. R. 1971. Disc Plate Method of Microbiological Antibiotic Assay. Applied Microbiology, 22(4), 659–665.
Hentschel, Ute., Michael., Schmid, Michael, Wagner., Lars, Fieseler., Christine., Gernert, Jorg., Hacker. 2001. Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of bacteria with antimicrobial activities from the Mediterranean sponges Aplysina aerophoba and Aplysina cavernicola. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 35: 305- 312.
Nofiani, R., Nurbetty, S., & Sapar, A. 2009. Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Komponen Bioaktif Kerang Pisau (Solen spp.). Ilmu Kelautan, 16, 119-124.
Ratnakomala, S., Apriliana, P., Fahrurrozi, Lisdiyanti, P., Kusharyoto, W. 2016. Aktivitas Antibakteri Aktinomisetes Laut Dari Pulau Enggano. Jurnal Ilmu - Ilmu Hayati, 15(3), 207–319.
Schmid, M., Wagner, M., Fieseler, L., & Gernert, C. 2001. Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of bacteria with antimicrobial activities from the Mediterranean sponges A[lysine aerophoba and Aplysinacavernicola. FEMS Microbioly Ecology, 35, 305-312.
Senoaji,G., Kehutanan, J., Pertanian, F., Bengkulu, U., Daya, B., Sumatera, P. 2007. Daya dukung lingkungan dan kesesuaian lahan dalam pengembangan pulau Enggano bengkulu. JurnalBumi Lestari, 9(2), 159–166.
Taylor, M. W., Radax, R., Steger, D., Taylor, M. W., Radax, R., Steger, D., & Wagner, M. 2007. Sponge-Associated Microorganisms : Evolution, Ecology, and Biotechnological Potential Sponge-Associated Microorganisms : Evolution, Ecology, and Biotechnological Potential. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 71(2), 295.
Vos, P. De, George M. Garrity, Jones, D., Krieg, N. R., Ludwig, W., Rainey, F. A., Whitman, W. B. 2009. Bergey’s Manual Of Systematic Bacteriology Second Edition The Firmicutes (Second Edition). New York (US): Springer.
Wahyudi, A.T., Priyanto, J.A., Maharsiwi, W., Astuti, R.I. 2018. Screening and Characterization of Sponge-Associated Bacteria Producing Bioactive Compounds Anti- Vibrio sp. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 3, 221–229.
Webster, N. S., & Hill, R. T. 2001. The Culturable Microbial Community Of the Great Barrier Reef Sponge Rhopaloeides Odorabile is Dominated By An A -Proteobacterium. Marine Biology, 138, 843–851.