JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature)

The rhetorical strategies to create incremental innovation in applied linguistics research articles

Warsidi — 2024-01-11

Rhetorical studies within research articles have received a growing concern among linguists worldwide. However, studies on this significant area to create incremental innovation are rarely found. Understanding this need has attracted the authors to conduct the present study by investigating rhetorical strategies authors use to create incremental innovation in their research articles and analyzing linguistic features used to create innovation for their current research. In an attempt to address these purposes, the present study analyzed 37 research article introductions (RAIs) from the disciplines of Applied Linguistics published in four reputable international journals (Q1) with the Scimago Journal Ranks (SJR) higher than 0,61. This study employed a newly designed framework and linguistic feature approaches from previous studies for the analysis. The results showed three rhetorical strategies to create incremental innovation in research articles. However, of these three, most authors tend to employ Strategy 2, Presenting the existing knowledge – and then – improving it in the present study, more than the other two strategies. Then, to realize incremental innovation, they employed six linguistic features, but of these six, two features (connective adverbs and phrases denoting examining a particular issue) appeared to be the most dominant in the present data.

Teachers’ difficulties and strategies in teaching reading online under text-based approach

Rindana Meidianti — 2024-01-13

Ministry of Education highlights the role of teachers in improving students' literacy, and the Text-Based Approach has shown its capability in improving students’ literacy skills. It can be seen that the Text-Based Approach is implemented in the latest curriculum Kurikulum Merdeka. In relation to the post-pandemic era, online learning is familiarly applied in educational settings. However, it is not easy to implement a Text-Based Approach in an online learning setting. Thus, this research seeks to investigate the difficulties in implementing a Text-Based Approach for teaching reading in the online setting and explore teachers’ strategies in dealing with the difficulties. This research used a qualitative method through open-ended questionnaires as an initial screening and online interview with five High School English Teachers in West Java, Bandung. The findings show that the issues faced by the teachers are miscommunication in learning due to unstable connectivity, limited teaching duration, and technical errors.

Coding learning model in speaking courses as an innovation to improve 21st century skills

Ixsir Eliya — 2024-01-14

Integrating coding into learning is one of the opportunities afforded by technology in education. However, the use of coding in tertiary institutions is still underutilized in the field of language learning. The purpose of this research is to develop a coding learning model for the speaking course that suits the needs of lecturers and students in the teaching and learning process. This research involves Research and Development using the ADDIE model. The subjects in this study consisted of three lecturers and seventy-eight students from five universities in Bengkulu Province, as well as three experts in the fields of materials, media, and language. The results of the study reveal that this model has three main activities: pre-learning, learning, and post-learning, which have five main phases: perception, exploration, collaboration, coding, and publication. The validation test results obtained ‘very good’ qualifications from material experts and were appropriated by linguists and media experts. The validation results indicate that this model is considered feasible to use so that it meets the standardization of product development testing.

Developing project-based e-module for contextual written language skills course at English language education study program

Rika — 2024-01-14

The ability to develop, project-based e-modules for the Contextual Written Language Skills course in a learning context into another learning context is anessential ability for students based on project-based learning. However, the learning pattern used is innovative learning, which can improve students’ skills and thinking abilities. The ability of project-based e-modules for the English lecturers to adapt their knowledge and skills from project-based e-modules for the Contextual Written Language Skills course to another course has been studied. This research focused on the presentation of discussion material that is not accompanied by an assignment or project or the systematics of preparing teaching materials and e-modules using project-based learning for Contextual Written Language Skills. The research used in this study is the Research and Development (RnD) development model by adopting the model Borg and Gall, which consists of 6 phases: 1) Gathering data and Information, 2) Need analysis, and 3) Material Design. 4) Validating by experts, 5) Revising, and 6) Final Product. The results of this study are based on an analysis of the needs of students who experience limited digital learning resources related to the material in the Contextual Written Language Skills course. Therefore, researchers are interested in developing textbooks in the form of e-modules to meet the needs of students and improve their learning outcomes. E-modules developed were validated by experts. Material expert validation had an average score of 88,61%, which was classified as very good. Media expert validation obtained an average score of 87,75% which was classified as very good. This means that the developed e-module is valid to be used in the Contextual Written Language Skills course.

Developing android-based literature theory learning media using the MIT App inventor application

Rio Kurniawan — 2024-01-15

This study aims to develop an Android-based literary theory learning media using the inventor application in the independent learning era - independent campus. This study used the Research and Development (R & D) that refers to the model of the research and development of 4D (four-D), which is definition, design, development, and dissemination. The Android-based learning media developed was tested on students in the odd semester taking the course of Theory of Literature at the Department of Indonesian Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Bengkulu. Based on the results obtained from the questionnaires that were distributed in this study, which were from the results of material validation, data related to the learning media used in this study were declared suitable for use without revision. In terms of media appearance and display (text on the media, color combination on the media, images on the media, navigation board layout), the result in general was "strongly agree". In terms of usage (instructions for use and user interface), the result in general was "agree". Based on the results of questionnaire distribution to thirty students, the following results were obtained. Twenty-three students stated "strongly agree" and seven students stated "agree" to the learning indicators. Regarding the material indicator, twelve students stated "agree", eighteen students stated "strongly agree". Meanwhile, regarding the learning media display indicator, all students stated that they strongly agreed. With the usage indicators, twenty-one students agreed and nine students strongly agreed. The test in the form of giving questions to students aimed to discover the extent to which students understood the material after the Android-based learning media created using the MIT App Inventor application was tested. The data obtained revealed that 39% of students got an A, 51% of students got a B and 10% of students got a C.

Language learning strategies employed by proficient EFL students in learning speaking skills

Faniah Nur Azizi — 2024-01-27

This study investigatres the language learning strategies utilized by two proficient EFL learners in learning speaking skills. The present descriptive case study probes and narrates the accounts of two proficient English speakers related to the language learning strategies they employed in learning speaking skills. The two proficient English speakers were perceived as credible and ellible sources for this study as they possess the required TOEFL score for proficient learners as indicated by the English Testing Service (ETS), which is around 543-627 in range. The data used in this study were obtained through four semi-structured interviews conducted via Zoom meetings with the participats. A document in the form of participants’ detailed learning schedules was also gathered to enhance data trustworthiness. Subsequently, the data collected were analysed thematically, generating seven categories of language learning strategies. Findings indicate that both participants utilized all seven strategies performed as the most frequently used strategy. It implies tht both participants often plan, arrange and evaluate their learning in advance. The study also found that few strategies were employed at the early stage of leanring and are no longer in use at present.

Systematic, active, contextual, technological, integrative (SAKTI) framework in the development of critical listening teaching materials

Nafri Yanti — 2024-03-01

This research is motivated by the limited availability of digital module teaching materials, especially in critical listening learning. This study aims to produce critical listening learning modules that are structured on the principles of systematic, active, contextual, technological, integrative (SAKTI). This principle is formulated by researchers from various critical listening learning theories and the development of teaching materials that are relevant to current needs. The digital teaching materials are arranged to contain materials, listening materials, exercises, and evaluations in one teaching material. The research was conducted by applying the research procedure proposed by Tomlinson in 2012. The module was developed using the Flip Pdf Professional Application Version 2.4.9.41, Quizzes, Canva, Google Form, Ms. Word, Dolby On, Nitro Pdf. The module consists of 3 main components, namely the introductory, core, and closing sections. This study uses R&D methods with stages Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, & Evaluations. Based on the results of product trials, it is known that the use of the designed product provides several advantages, among which it makes the learning process practical, can be used anywhere and at any time, helps guided or independent learning, helps online and offline learning, encourages students to actively complete each stage of learning and can be a means of obtaining new information for students.

Developing interactive multimedia in enhancing students' listening comprehension using Moodle and Thinglink

Citra Anggia Putri — 2024-03-06

The effect of COVID-19 outbreak to education is in form of a shift of instructional practices from classroom-based instructions to online technology-based practices. To respond to the needs of technology-based instructional activities, this study developed interactive multimedia utilizing online technology-based platforms featuring Moodle and Thinglink to enhance students' comprehension in listening. This is a Research and Development involving fifty-three students of English literature study program in a state university in North Sumatera as object of the study. This study applies the ADDIE model to develop interactive multimedia learning. Purposive sampling was used to collect the samples for analysis. Tests, questionnaires, and interviews were designed and employed to collect the data. Material and media experts carried out the validation of the product. The paired samples t-test and independent samples t-test were utilized for data analysis. The outcomes are interactive multimedia using Moodle and ThingLink, complete with its tutorials, practices, and tests to boost the students' listening comprehension. Interactive multimedia featuring Moodle and ThingLink was deemed practical to use and effectively increased the students' listening comprehension according to the results of the material and media experts' validation and student response questionnaires.

Development of a case method learning model to hone students' translation competence in language teaching courses

Masitowarni Siregar — 2024-03-09

In 2020-2024, the Ministry of Education and Culture launched one of the main objectives of developing a strategic plan, namely optimizing the quality of learning in innovative forms in order to realize student success in achieving maximum learning outcomes that include attitudes, knowledge and skills. Hodijah, S & et al (2022) argue regarding the development goals of the Ministry of Education and Culture that the expected innovative learning can be implemented from learning created in the form of collaborative and participatory classes. Furthermore, according to the 2022 edition of EF English First Proficiency, Indonesia is in 81st place out of 111 countries with a score of 469 which falls into the Low Proficiency category in every aspect of the English language, one of which is Translation. Based on these things, to overcome the low level of students' English proficiency, especially in terms of Translation and to answer the demands of the Ministry of Education and Culture for Higher Education in creating innovative classes

. It is recommended for lecturers to use the Case Study learning model because it has been proven to be effective in improving translation skills in various previous studies. Based on these things, this research aims to developCase Study Learning to Improve Students' Translation Ability in the Translation in English Language Teaching (ELT) Course, Department of English Language and Literature, Medan State University

The development of the Case Study Learning Model was carried out using the ADDIE Development model which consists of 5 stages, namely; (1) Needs analysis, (2) Design of the Case learning model 3) Development of the Case Study Learning Model in Translation in ELT Learning (4) Implementation, namely trial of the Case Study learning model in the Translation in ELT course (5) Evaluation of Case Study model-based learning . This research uses a qualitative and quantitative descriptive approach in analyzing data. Validity tests, Practicality Tests and Effectiveness Tests was carried out on the development product to ensure that the Case Study Learning Model developed valid, practical and effective in improving students' translation skills in the Translation in ELT course. The results of the research show that the model developed is valid, practical and effective.

Can the Merdeka Belajar curriculum really improve students’ reading literacy?

Muhammad Zaim — 2024-03-09

Merdeka Belajar curriculum is the brand-new curriculum implemented in Indonesia in response to the low reading literacy of students. Many discussed the features and the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar curriculum and claim that implementing the current curriculum is effective in improving students' reading literacy due to its features, such as simpler yet in-depth materials and flexible time for learning outcome accomplishment; however, there is not yet any empirical evidence provided to prove the claim. This descriptive research was undertaken to provide empirical evidence of that claim as the curriculum has just been implemented. Twelve teachers across senior high schools in West Sumatera were willingly involved in this study. The data were collected through a written interview, in which the teachers answered ten relevant questions. Their responses about the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar curriculum were analyzed qualitatively. The findings established new facts that answered the research question from the teachers' point of view. First, compared to the 2013 curriculum implementation, they did not only see the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar curriculum as advantageous but also disadvantageous. Even few of them found it run-of-the-mill. Second, when implementing the current curriculum, the teacher developed strategies to increase students' reading literacy and interest. They began by supplying multiple materials, designing fun but exhaustive learning instructional activities, varying the assessments, and building reading corners with captivating books to read. Third, after a year of implementation, the students' reading literacy tended to stay the same, even though it did improve a little for some students. These were because the teachers still experienced problems regarding curriculum, school, and time. In summary, implementing the Merdeka Belajar curriculum cannot improve students' reading literacy.

An implementation of integrated performance assessment model in vocational English for communication learning

Rika Wahyuni Tambunan — 2024-03-21

This research implemented the Integrated Performance Assessment (IPA) model within the context of vocational English for communication learning. The IPA model, proposed by the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL), serves as a comprehensive framework aimed at unifying teaching and assessment methodologies to enhance students' speaking abilities. The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the efficacy of the IPA model in improving students' communication skills within a vocational English setting. First-semester students at AKN Blitar serve as the subjects of this research. A mixed-method approach is employed, encompassing both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Pre-test and post-test stages are conducted, with student scores calculated using the Shapiro-Wilk test to ensure the validity of the findings. The results of this research demonstrate a significant improvement in students' communication skills following the implementation of the IPA model. Despite the observed increase in scores between the pre-test and post-test stages, further investigation reveals that the significance value (p) remains above 0.05 (sig. > 0.05), underscoring the need for continued assessment and refinement of the IPA model in vocational English education.

Political contestation: Ideology and linguistic realization by 2024 prospective Indonesian presidential candidates

Amrin Saragih — 2024-03-30

The political statements of prospective presidential candidates in the Republic of Indonesia (RI) in the pre-election period of 2024, in 2023, constitute texts of political contestation (PC) loaded with ideology. This research examines those PC texts. The texts are based on the respective ideologies of each presidential candidate. More specifically, this study investigates the ideologies of the presidential candidates, the linguistic realization used to express those ideologies, and the reasons behind the use of ideology and its linguistic realization. This research employs a qualitative descriptive design. Data collection tools included observation, document analysis, and interviews. The data sources were KP texts from three presidential candidates: Anies Rasyid Baswedan, Ganjar Pranowo, and Prabowo Subianto, obtained from newspapers, television, and social media platforms such as WhatsApp, Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook. The data, in the form of KP texts, were analyzed using the framework of systemic functional linguistic theory (SFL) as developed by Halliday (2014) and other SFL experts. The research findings indicate that, in addition to similarities, the three presidential candidates have differences in leadership ideology, the linguistic realization of that ideology, and the causes or reasons used. The theoretical contribution of this research enriches applied linguistic theories, especially political discourse analysis (PDA), and simultaneously benefits voters in the 2024 election by helping them understand the ideologies of presidential candidates. This understanding can solidify their decision to vote for a specific candidate, thus reducing the social friction that always occurs during elections in Indonesia.

Framing and metaphor in the discourse of Sumatran orangutans’ conservation: Ecolinguistics study

Muhammad Kiki Wardana — 2024-04-06

This study attempts to reveal how language is being used in the conservation of orangutan in Bukit Lawang, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The researchers focus on investigating the framing and metaphor as the reflection of how language is being used to represent the ideology of the policy makers, conservationist, local communities in communicating the urgency of protecting orangutan. The problem is vivid since there is no attempt before by linguists to discover the role of language in the conservation of orangutan. Hence, the status quo remains unanswered. This research fills the gap of the missing links of the unknown about the language used in orangutan’ conservation. This research applied qualitative research in which the data gathered in the form of discourses from various sources like infographic, reports and interview. At the same time, this study embraced Stibbe’s approach in ecolinguistics. Some results are quite alarming because the type of the framing about orangutan is negative such as Human-wildlife conflict frame or destructive metaphor such as ‘orangutan is the pest’ and ‘the kidnapper’. There are also ambivalent framing and metaphor which put endangered animal in a vague situation.

Integrating the case method approach in 21st century teaching: Empowering the development of effective and innovative teaching instruments

Nora Ronita Dewi — 2024-04-07

This study investigated how combining the case method approach and technology tools can be effective in 21st-century instructional methods. The case method approach in teaching instruments focuses on assisting students develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills. Its goal is to provide practical learning experiences that allow students to apply these skills in real-world situations. Teachers can successfully incorporate the case method approach into their instrument teaching by selecting appropriate case studies, establishing clear learning objectives, designing engaging activities,and incorporating technology tools such as digital media, interactive simulations, and online platforms. The study findings indicate that integrating the case method approach in technology tools in instruction, course syllabus, and materials improved student engagement and access to information, encouraged student collaboration and communication, and improved critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills. As a result, incorporating the case method approach and technology tools into teaching instruments allows teachers to provide a hands-on learning experience that focuses on essential skills. This integration creates a dynamic and interactive learning environment, promoting skill development and optimizing students' overall learning experience.

From flexible to subtitling: Exploring students’ experiences on improving listening skills through podcast

Widya Andayani — 2024-04-07

English language learning is mandatory at all levels of school in Indonesia. When acquiring proficiency in the English language, learners frequently experience many challenges, particularly in the domains of speaking and listening. Hence, the researcher examined this matter through the implementation of a study utilizing the Podcast functionality within the Spotify application. One advantage of utilizing this application is its potential to enhance listening proficiency in the context of English language acquisition. Furthermore, its user-friendly interface enables convenient access and utilization at any given time and location. The present study was undertaken on a cohort of German language education students over the years 2020 and 2021. The chosen study methodology involves conducting interviews via the Zoom program, wherein a series of questions are compiled for the participants. The investigation yielded diverse perspectives. In order to enhance their English language proficiency, students must consistently engage in regular practice of speaking and listening activities that are directly relevant to the process of learning the English language. Similar to one's leisure time, it is imperative to utilize available time for the sake of ongoing learning. The study highlights the importance of consistent practice in speaking and listening activities to enhance English language proficiency among students learning English as a foreign language.