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August 25, 2025
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October 29, 2025
Published
December 31, 2025
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Abstract

Metode pelatihan intensitas tinggi, seperti High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) dan Sprint Interval Training (SIT), telah menjadi semakin populer sebagai strategi efektif untuk meningkatkan kinerja atletik melalui adaptasi fisiologis yang signifikan. Tinjauan ini menggunakan analisis naratif dari literatur ilmiah terbaru (2015-2025) untuk memeriksa mekanisme adaptasi tubuh terhadap pelatihan intensitas tinggi, termasuk peningkatan kapasitas aerobik (VO₂max), efisiensi metabolik, penyangga laktat, dan fungsi mitokondria. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa baik HIIT maupun SIT dapat meningkatkan kinerja kardiovaskular dan neuromuskular dalam periode pelatihan yang relatif singkat, terutama ketika disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan individu. Namun, respons adaptif tubuh bervariasi dan dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti kebugaran dasar, usia, dan kondisi metabolik. Oleh karena itu, pendekatan berbasis bukti dan yang dipersonalisasi sangat penting untuk mengoptimalkan hasil pelatihan. Wawasan ini memberikan panduan berharga bagi pelatih, fisiolog olahraga, dan profesional kebugaran dalam mengembangkan intervensi yang ditargetkan untuk mencapai kinerja fisik puncak.

Keywords

Fungsi mitokondria pelatihan interval intensitas tinggi pelatihan interval sprint adaptasi fisiologis VO₂max

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How to Cite
Widyawati, D. (2025). Peran Adaptasi Fisiologis terhadap Latihan Intensitas Tinggi (High-Intensity Training) dalam Optimalisasi Performa Atletik: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini. Jurnal Kedokteran Raflesia, 11(2), 61–76. https://doi.org/10.33369/juke.v11i2.44565
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