Main Article Content
Abstract
Jaring insang digolongkan sebagai alat tangkap yang ramah lingkungan mengingat ukuran ikan yang tertangkap dipengaruhi oleh ukuran mata jaring yang digunakan. Penelitian yang dilakukan selama 2013-2014 di perairan Kotania, Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat bertujuan untuk menghitung kelimpahan ikan pada spektrum ukuran (abundance size-spectrum) berdasarkan habitat ikan pada waktu yang berbeda. Data dikumpulkan melalui logbook yang diisi oleh nelayan Dusun Pulau Osi dan Dusun Wael dengan daerah penangkapan di Teluk Kotania. Distribusi panjang ikan hasil tangkapan setiap mata jaring menunjukkan kisaran panjang yang tidak beraturan yang bisa menimbulkan selektivitas yang tidak konsisten. Ketidakpastian selektivitas jaring insang yang dioperasikan pada perairan dangkal disebabkan oleh perubahan pilihan habitat sebagai daerah penangkapan nelayan. Spektrum panjang menunjukkan distribusi panjang yang unimodal dengan jumlah ikan jenis ikan berukuran kecil tinggi dan menurun secara eksponensial untuk jenis ikan berukuran besar. Mengingat ikan besar mempunyai peranan penting dalam komunitas, dan kurang rentan terhadap jaring insang, kami menyimpulkan bahwa jaring insang adalah alat yang ramah lingkungan.
EVALUATION OF GILLNET SELECTIVITY IN KOTANIA BAY, WEST PART OF SERAM. Gillnets are categorized as environmentally friendly fishing gear convinced by its selectivity. Study conducted at Kotania Bay, West Seram Regency, for two years (2012-2013) aimed to count the abundance size-spectrum on habitat for evaluating the catch of gillnets. Length distribution of catch for each mesh size showed irregular ranges, which may lead to selectivity uncertainties. Data was collected from logbooks filled by fishers from Osi Island and Wael. Uncertainty of gillnets selectivity which were operated in shallow waters was influenced by the fishers’ habitat preference that was distinct temporally. The size-spectra of exhibited unimodal length distribution with high catch of small-bodied species and lowered exponentially towards large-bodied species. As large- bodied species play important role in the community and they are less vulnerable to gillnets, we concluded that the practices of gillnet at Kotania Bay are environmentally friendly gear.
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References
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- Allison M.E., I.F. Vincent-Akpu, A.D.I. George. 2009. Gillnet Selectivity and Abundance in The Palailia pellucida (Boulenger, 1901) (Schilbaidae) Fishery of The Freshwater Reaches of The Lower Nun River, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Journal of Fisheries International. 4(1): 5-7.
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- Froese, R., H. W., D. Gascuel, U. R. Sumaila, and D. Pauly. 2016. “Minimizing the Impact of Fishing.” Fish and Fisheries 17 (3): 785–802.
- Hinton, MG, and M N Maunder. 2003. “Methods for Standardizing CPUE and How to Select among Them.”
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- Winker, H., S. E. Kerwath, and C. G. Attwood. 2014. “Proof of Concept for a Novel Procedure to Standardize Multispecies Catch and Effort Data.” Fisheries Research 155: 149–59.
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- Hall S.J., J.S. Collie, D.E. Duplisea, S. Jennings, M. Bravington, J. Link. 2006. A Length-Based Multispecies Model for Evaluating Community Responses to Fishing. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 63(6): 1344–1359.
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- Hutubessy G. 2011. Encircling Gillnet Selectivity for Oxeye Scad (Selar boops, CUVIER 1933) in the coast of Waai, Ambon Island. Journal of Coastal Development. 14(2): 125-130.
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- Jung S. and E.D. Houde. 2005. Fish Biomass Size Spectra in Chesapeake Bay. Estuary. 28 (2): 226-240.
- Law R., M.J. Plank, and J. Kolding. 2016. Balanced Exploitation And Coexistence Of Interacting, Size-Structured, Fish Species. Fish and Fisheries. 17(2): 281–302.
- Purbaya A.A. 2017. Menteri Susi Ganti Alat Cantrang Dengan Alat Ramah Lingkungan, Kompas 20 September 2017.
- Reynolds J.D., S. Jennings, N.K. Dulvy. 2001. Life Histories of Fishes and Population Responses to Exploitation. In Conservation of Exploited Species. Edited by J.D. Reynolds, G.M. Mace, K.H. Redford, and J.G. Robinson, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Sampson D.B., and R.D. Scott. 2011. A Spatial Model for Fisheries Age-Selection at The Population Level. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 68: 1077-1086.
- Martasuganda, S. 2008. Jaring Insang – Gillnet. Bogor: Departemen Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan IPB.
- Waterhouse L., D.B. Sampson, M. Maunder, B.X. Semmens. 2014. Using Areas-As-Fleet Selectivity to Model Spatial Fishing: Asymptotic Curves Are Unlikely Under Equilibrium Conditions. Fisheries Research. 158: 15-25.
References
Allen G, R. Swainston, and J. Ruse. 1999. Marine Fishes of South-East-Asia, A field Guide for Anglers and Divers. Australia: Western Australia Museum.
Allison M.E., I.F. Vincent-Akpu, A.D.I. George. 2009. Gillnet Selectivity and Abundance in The Palailia pellucida (Boulenger, 1901) (Schilbaidae) Fishery of The Freshwater Reaches of The Lower Nun River, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Journal of Fisheries International. 4(1): 5-7.
Babcock, E. A., R. Coleman, M. Karnauskas, and J. Gibson. 2013. “Length-Based Indicators of Fishery and Ecosystem Status: Glover’s Reef Marine Reserve, Belize.” Fisheries Research 147: 434–45.
Clement, T. A., K. Pangle, D. G. Uzarski, and B. A. Murry. 2014. “Effectiveness of Fishing Gears to Assess Fish Assemblage Size Structure in Small Lake Ecosystems.” Fisheries Management and Ecology 21 (3): 211–19.
Edwards, A.M., J.P.W. Robinson, M. J. Plank, Julia K. Baum, and J. L. Blanchard. 2017. “Testing and Recommending Methods for Fitting Size Spectra to Data.” Methods in Ecology and Evolution 8 (1): 57–67.
Froese, R., H. W., D. Gascuel, U. R. Sumaila, and D. Pauly. 2016. “Minimizing the Impact of Fishing.” Fish and Fisheries 17 (3): 785–802.
Hinton, MG, and M N Maunder. 2003. “Methods for Standardizing CPUE and How to Select among Them.”
Law, R., M. J. Plank, and J. Kolding. 2016. “Balanced Exploitation and Coexistence of Interacting, Size-Structured, Fish Species.” Fish and Fisheries 17 (2): 281–302. .
Winker, H., S. E. Kerwath, and C. G. Attwood. 2014. “Proof of Concept for a Novel Procedure to Standardize Multispecies Catch and Effort Data.” Fisheries Research 155: 149–59.
Clement TA, K. Pangle, D.G. Uzarski, B.A. Murry. 2014. Effectiveness Of Fishing Gears To Assess Fish Assemblage Size Structure In Small Lake Ecosystems. Fisheries Management and Ecology. 21(3), 211–219.
Edwards A.M., J.P.W. Robinson, M.J. Plank, J.K. Baum, J.L. Blanchard. 2017. Testing And Recommending Methods For Fitting Size Spectra To Data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. 8(1): 57–67.
Froese R. 2004. Keep It Simple: Three Indicators to Deal with Overfishing. Fish and Fisheries. 5: 86-91.
Froese R, H. Winker, D. Gascuel, U.R. Sumaila, D. Pauly. 2016. Minimizing the Impact of Fishing. Fish and Fisheries. 17(3): 785–802.
Hall S.J., J.S. Collie, D.E. Duplisea, S. Jennings, M. Bravington, J. Link. 2006. A Length-Based Multispecies Model for Evaluating Community Responses to Fishing. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 63(6): 1344–1359.
Hinton M.G., and M.N. Maunder. 2004. Methods for standardizing CPUE and how to select among them. Working Paper. Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission.
Hutchings J.A. 2002. Life histories, In Handbook of Fish and Fisheries. Edited by PJB. Hart and JD. Reynolds. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd.
Hutubessy B.G. and A. Syahailatua. 2010. Performance of Gillnet-Size Selectivity for Three Flying Fish Species in Ambon Waters, Maluku Province. Marine Research in Indonesia. 35(2): 39-46.
Hutubessy G. 2011. Encircling Gillnet Selectivity for Oxeye Scad (Selar boops, CUVIER 1933) in the coast of Waai, Ambon Island. Journal of Coastal Development. 14(2): 125-130.
Jennings S, J.D. Reynolds, and S.C. Mills. 1998. Life History Correlates of Responses to Fisheries Exploitation, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences. 265: 333–339.
King, M. 2007. Fisheries Biology, Assesment and Management. Second edition. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK.
Jung S. and E.D. Houde. 2005. Fish Biomass Size Spectra in Chesapeake Bay. Estuary. 28 (2): 226-240.
Law R., M.J. Plank, and J. Kolding. 2016. Balanced Exploitation And Coexistence Of Interacting, Size-Structured, Fish Species. Fish and Fisheries. 17(2): 281–302.
Purbaya A.A. 2017. Menteri Susi Ganti Alat Cantrang Dengan Alat Ramah Lingkungan, Kompas 20 September 2017.
Reynolds J.D., S. Jennings, N.K. Dulvy. 2001. Life Histories of Fishes and Population Responses to Exploitation. In Conservation of Exploited Species. Edited by J.D. Reynolds, G.M. Mace, K.H. Redford, and J.G. Robinson, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sampson D.B., and R.D. Scott. 2011. A Spatial Model for Fisheries Age-Selection at The Population Level. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science. 68: 1077-1086.
Martasuganda, S. 2008. Jaring Insang – Gillnet. Bogor: Departemen Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan IPB.
Waterhouse L., D.B. Sampson, M. Maunder, B.X. Semmens. 2014. Using Areas-As-Fleet Selectivity to Model Spatial Fishing: Asymptotic Curves Are Unlikely Under Equilibrium Conditions. Fisheries Research. 158: 15-25.