Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to ascertain : (1) the significant influence of the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) learning model in basketball games on students critical thinking skills, (2) the significant influence of the Direct Instruction (DI) learning model in basketball games on students' critical thinking skills, (3) the significant difference in the influence between the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) learning model and the Direct Instruction (DI) learning model in basketball games on students' critical thinking skills. This type of research is quasi-experimental design using randomized pretest-posttest group design. The population in this study is all seventh-grade classes of SMP Negeri 1 Rancaekek, Rancaekek District, Bandung Regency, West Java Province, totaling 11 classes with 543 students. The sampling technique used is cluster random sampling. The data analysis technique used is a significance test at the 5% level. The results of the study show that: (1) There is a significant influence of the Teaching Games For Understanding (TGfU) Learning Models on Students' Critical Thinking Skills in Basketball Games with a p-value (0.001) < (0.05). (2) The significant influence of the Direct Instruction (DI) learning model in basketball games on students' critical thinking skills with a p-value (0.001) < (0.05). (3) There is a significant difference between the Teaching Games For Understanding (TGfU) and Direct Instruction (DI) learning models on Students' Critical Thinking Skills in Basketball Games with a p-value (0.001) < (0.05).
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References
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- Anjar Muhamad Ikbal, - (2018) Pengaruh model pembelajaran dan keterampilan berpikir kritis terhadap kemampuan memecahkan masalah situasi gerak dalam permainan. S2 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
- Bailey, R. (2006). Physical education and sport in schools: A review of benefits and outcomes. Journal of School Health, 76(8),397401.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2006.00132.x.
- Balakrishnan, M., Rengasamy, S., & Aman, M.S. (2011). Effect of Teaching Games for Understanding Approach on Students’ Cognitive Learning Outcome. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology. Vol:5.
- Bartholomew, K.J., N. Ntoumanis, R.M. Ryan, and C. Thogersen-Ntoumani. (2011). Psychological need thwarting in the sport context: Assessing the darker side of athletic experience. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 33, no. 1: 75-102.
- Bracco, E., Lodewyk, K., Morrison, H., Bracco, E., Lodewyk, K., & A, H. M. (2019). A case study of disengaged adolescent girls ’experiences with teaching games for understanding in physical education. Curriculum Studies in Health and Physical Education, 10(3), 1-19.https://doi.org/10.1080/25742981.2019.1632724.
- Bunker, et al. (1996). Teaching Games for Understanding: Evolution of a model. http://search.proquest.com/docview/215770101?accountid=13771
- Butler, J. I. (2013). Teacher Responses to Teaching Games for Understanding. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 67(9), 17-20.
- https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1996.10604851.
- Chase, M. A., Ewing, M. E., Lirgg, C. D., & George, T. R. (1994). The Effects of Equipment Modification on Children’s Self-Efficacy and Basketball Shooting Performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 65https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1994.10607611.
- Chen, A. (2001). A theoretical conceptualisation for motivation research in physical education: An integrated perspective. Quest 2: 35-58.
- Copel & Susan. (2001). Issues in Physical Education. Canada. Routledge Falmer.
- Da’i, M., Cahyani, O. D., & S, A. (2021). Motivation In Physical Education (PE) Learning Through Online System. Kinestetik: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 5(1), 102-110. https://doi.org/10.33369/jk.v5i1.14436.
- Darmawan, M. (2023). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan Teaching Games For Understanding (TGFU) dan terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar PJOK.
- Ennis R. H. (1985). Goal for a Critical Thinking Curriculum, Developing Minds: A Resource Book for Teaching Thinking. Virginia: ASDC.
- Fahim M., & Pezeshk M. (2012). Manipulating Critical Thinking Skills in Test Taking. International Journal of Education, 4(1), 153- 160.
- Faiz, Fahrudin. Thinking Skills Pengantar Menuju Berpikir Kritis. Yogyakarta: Suka Press, 2012.
- Feu, S.; Garda-Rubio, J.; Gamero, M.G.; Ibanez, S.J. (2019). Task planning for sports learning by physical education teachers in the pre-service phase. PLoS ONE, 14, e0212833.
- Fisher, Alec. Berpikir Kritis Sebuah Pengantar. Jakarta.: Erlangga, 2009.
- Firdaus, F. (2023, December). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Teaching Games for Understanding Terhadap Hasil Belajar Aspek Kognitif Senam Lantai Sikap Kayang Pada Kelas VII SMP NEGERI 3 BUMIJAWA. In Seminar Nasional Keindonesiaan (FPIPSKR) (Vol. 8, No. 01).
- Fletcher, D., & Sarkar, M. (2013). Psychological resilience: A review and critique of definitions, concepts, and theory. European Psychologist, 18, 12-23.
- Gil-Arias, A., Harvey, S., Carceles, A., Praxedes, A., & Del Villar, F. (2017). Impact of a hybrid TGfU-Sport Education unit on student motivation in physicaleducation.PLoSONE,12(6).https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.079876.
- Gil-Arias, A., Harvey, S., Carceles, A., Praxedes, A., & Del Villar, F. (2017). Impact of a hybrid TGfU-Sport Education unit on student motivation in physical education.PLoSONE,12(6).https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179876.
- Gil-Arias, A., Harvey, S., Carceles, A., Praxedes, A., & Del Villar, F. (2017). Impact of a hybrid TGfU-Sport Education unit on student motivation in physical education.PLoSONE,12(6).https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179876.
- Gil-Arias, A.; Diloy-Pena, S.; Sevil-Serrano, J.; Garda-Gonzalez, L.; Abos, A. (2021). A Hybrid TGfU/SE Volleyball Teaching Unit for Enhancing Motivation in Physical Education: A Mixed-Method Approach. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18, 110. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010110.
- Gonzalez-Silva, J., Fernandez-Echeverria, C., Claver, F., Conejero, M., & Moreno, M. (2017). How does it affect the setter intervention to the block participation, in high level male volleyball? Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 12(3), 821-830. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2017.12.proc3.06.
- Hadziq, Khairul (2016). Pengaruh teaching games for understanding dan Direct instruction dalam permainan basket terhadap kreativitas siswa. S2 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
- Harvey, S.; Jarrett, K. (2019). A review of the game-centered approaches to teaching and coaching literature since 2006. Phys. Educ. Sport Pedagog. 19, 278-300.
- Harvey, S.; Pill, S.; Almond, L. (2018). Old wine in new bottles: A response to claims that teaching games for understanding was not developed as a theoretically based pedagogical framework. Phys. Educ. Sport Pedagog. 23, 166-180.
- Holt, N. L., Strean, William B., Bengoecha, E. G. (2002). Expanding The Teaching Games for Understanding Model: New Avenues for Future Research and Practice. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. Canada: University Of Alberta.
- Hooper, T. (1998). Teaching Games Centered Gemes using Progressive Principles of Play. Victotoria: James Mandigo, Jay Tredway, A. K. L. (2018). Examining the Impact of a Teaching Games for Understanding Approach on the Development of Physical Literacy Using the Passport for Life Assessment Tool Education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education.
- Jarvenoja, H. (2010). Socially Shared Regulation of Motivation and Emotions in Collaborative Learning. University of Oulu: Oulu. Finland, p. 94.
- Johnson, Elaine B. Contextual Teaching And Learning. (Edisi Terjemahan Ibnu Setiawan). Bandung: MLC, 2009.
- Kalajas-Tilga, H.; Koka, A.; Hein, V.; Tilga, H.; Raudsepp, L. (2020). Motivational processes in physical education and objectively measured physical activity among adolescents. J. Sport Health Sci, 9, 462-471.
- Kirk, D. & MacDonald. (1998). Situated Learning in Physical Education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. Canada: University Of Alberta.
- Kirk, D. & Macphail, A. (2002). Teaching Games for Understanding and Situated Learning: Rethinking the Bunker-Thorpe Model. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. Loughborough: Loughborough University.
- Kurniawan, F., & Rahayu, E. (2022). Pengaruh Model Direct Instruction Terhadap Keterampilan Bermain Dalam Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler Bola Voli Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 8(24), 37-44.
- Zhu, X., Ennis, C. D., & Chen, A. (2011). Implementation challenges for a constructivist physical education curriculum. Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy, 16(1), 83-99. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408981003712802.
References
Anthony Melendez Nieves & Luis Estrada Oliver. (2019). Introducing a TGfU Mini-volleyball Unit. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 90:9, 56-60, DOI:10.1080/07303084.2019.1658499.
Anjar Muhamad Ikbal, - (2018) Pengaruh model pembelajaran dan keterampilan berpikir kritis terhadap kemampuan memecahkan masalah situasi gerak dalam permainan. S2 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia.
Bailey, R. (2006). Physical education and sport in schools: A review of benefits and outcomes. Journal of School Health, 76(8),397401.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2006.00132.x.
Balakrishnan, M., Rengasamy, S., & Aman, M.S. (2011). Effect of Teaching Games for Understanding Approach on Students’ Cognitive Learning Outcome. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology. Vol:5.
Bartholomew, K.J., N. Ntoumanis, R.M. Ryan, and C. Thogersen-Ntoumani. (2011). Psychological need thwarting in the sport context: Assessing the darker side of athletic experience. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 33, no. 1: 75-102.
Bracco, E., Lodewyk, K., Morrison, H., Bracco, E., Lodewyk, K., & A, H. M. (2019). A case study of disengaged adolescent girls ’experiences with teaching games for understanding in physical education. Curriculum Studies in Health and Physical Education, 10(3), 1-19.https://doi.org/10.1080/25742981.2019.1632724.
Bunker, et al. (1996). Teaching Games for Understanding: Evolution of a model. http://search.proquest.com/docview/215770101?accountid=13771
Butler, J. I. (2013). Teacher Responses to Teaching Games for Understanding. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 67(9), 17-20.
https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.1996.10604851.
Chase, M. A., Ewing, M. E., Lirgg, C. D., & George, T. R. (1994). The Effects of Equipment Modification on Children’s Self-Efficacy and Basketball Shooting Performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 65https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1994.10607611.
Chen, A. (2001). A theoretical conceptualisation for motivation research in physical education: An integrated perspective. Quest 2: 35-58.
Copel & Susan. (2001). Issues in Physical Education. Canada. Routledge Falmer.
Da’i, M., Cahyani, O. D., & S, A. (2021). Motivation In Physical Education (PE) Learning Through Online System. Kinestetik: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 5(1), 102-110. https://doi.org/10.33369/jk.v5i1.14436.
Darmawan, M. (2023). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan Teaching Games For Understanding (TGFU) dan terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar PJOK.
Ennis R. H. (1985). Goal for a Critical Thinking Curriculum, Developing Minds: A Resource Book for Teaching Thinking. Virginia: ASDC.
Fahim M., & Pezeshk M. (2012). Manipulating Critical Thinking Skills in Test Taking. International Journal of Education, 4(1), 153- 160.
Faiz, Fahrudin. Thinking Skills Pengantar Menuju Berpikir Kritis. Yogyakarta: Suka Press, 2012.
Feu, S.; Garda-Rubio, J.; Gamero, M.G.; Ibanez, S.J. (2019). Task planning for sports learning by physical education teachers in the pre-service phase. PLoS ONE, 14, e0212833.
Fisher, Alec. Berpikir Kritis Sebuah Pengantar. Jakarta.: Erlangga, 2009.
Firdaus, F. (2023, December). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Teaching Games for Understanding Terhadap Hasil Belajar Aspek Kognitif Senam Lantai Sikap Kayang Pada Kelas VII SMP NEGERI 3 BUMIJAWA. In Seminar Nasional Keindonesiaan (FPIPSKR) (Vol. 8, No. 01).
Fletcher, D., & Sarkar, M. (2013). Psychological resilience: A review and critique of definitions, concepts, and theory. European Psychologist, 18, 12-23.
Gil-Arias, A., Harvey, S., Carceles, A., Praxedes, A., & Del Villar, F. (2017). Impact of a hybrid TGfU-Sport Education unit on student motivation in physicaleducation.PLoSONE,12(6).https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.079876.
Gil-Arias, A., Harvey, S., Carceles, A., Praxedes, A., & Del Villar, F. (2017). Impact of a hybrid TGfU-Sport Education unit on student motivation in physical education.PLoSONE,12(6).https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179876.
Gil-Arias, A., Harvey, S., Carceles, A., Praxedes, A., & Del Villar, F. (2017). Impact of a hybrid TGfU-Sport Education unit on student motivation in physical education.PLoSONE,12(6).https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179876.
Gil-Arias, A.; Diloy-Pena, S.; Sevil-Serrano, J.; Garda-Gonzalez, L.; Abos, A. (2021). A Hybrid TGfU/SE Volleyball Teaching Unit for Enhancing Motivation in Physical Education: A Mixed-Method Approach. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18, 110. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010110.
Gonzalez-Silva, J., Fernandez-Echeverria, C., Claver, F., Conejero, M., & Moreno, M. (2017). How does it affect the setter intervention to the block participation, in high level male volleyball? Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 12(3), 821-830. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2017.12.proc3.06.
Hadziq, Khairul (2016). Pengaruh teaching games for understanding dan Direct instruction dalam permainan basket terhadap kreativitas siswa. S2 thesis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Harvey, S.; Jarrett, K. (2019). A review of the game-centered approaches to teaching and coaching literature since 2006. Phys. Educ. Sport Pedagog. 19, 278-300.
Harvey, S.; Pill, S.; Almond, L. (2018). Old wine in new bottles: A response to claims that teaching games for understanding was not developed as a theoretically based pedagogical framework. Phys. Educ. Sport Pedagog. 23, 166-180.
Holt, N. L., Strean, William B., Bengoecha, E. G. (2002). Expanding The Teaching Games for Understanding Model: New Avenues for Future Research and Practice. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. Canada: University Of Alberta.
Hooper, T. (1998). Teaching Games Centered Gemes using Progressive Principles of Play. Victotoria: James Mandigo, Jay Tredway, A. K. L. (2018). Examining the Impact of a Teaching Games for Understanding Approach on the Development of Physical Literacy Using the Passport for Life Assessment Tool Education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education.
Jarvenoja, H. (2010). Socially Shared Regulation of Motivation and Emotions in Collaborative Learning. University of Oulu: Oulu. Finland, p. 94.
Johnson, Elaine B. Contextual Teaching And Learning. (Edisi Terjemahan Ibnu Setiawan). Bandung: MLC, 2009.
Kalajas-Tilga, H.; Koka, A.; Hein, V.; Tilga, H.; Raudsepp, L. (2020). Motivational processes in physical education and objectively measured physical activity among adolescents. J. Sport Health Sci, 9, 462-471.
Kirk, D. & MacDonald. (1998). Situated Learning in Physical Education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. Canada: University Of Alberta.
Kirk, D. & Macphail, A. (2002). Teaching Games for Understanding and Situated Learning: Rethinking the Bunker-Thorpe Model. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education. Loughborough: Loughborough University.
Kurniawan, F., & Rahayu, E. (2022). Pengaruh Model Direct Instruction Terhadap Keterampilan Bermain Dalam Kegiatan Ekstrakurikuler Bola Voli Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 8(24), 37-44.
Zhu, X., Ennis, C. D., & Chen, A. (2011). Implementation challenges for a constructivist physical education curriculum. Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy, 16(1), 83-99. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408981003712802.