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Abstract
The ACL is an important ligament in the knee that connects the femur to the tibia. anterior cruciate ligament injuries can result from a sudden knee injury in any direction resulting in partial or complete tearing of the ligament. Trauma can also cause anterior cruciate ligament tears, especially direct trauma to the knee due to lateral forces. The incidence of ACL injury in some European countries is around 29-32 cases per 100,000 people. This study is a descriptive case study involving one client with participatory observation method. Physiotherapy interventions include ice packs, TENS, and exercises given in the form of quadsets, straight raises, ankle sets, hamstring sets, gluts sets, and heel slides . The subjects were 27-year-old parahyangan soccer athletes with a height of 182 cm, a weight of 70 kg, and a BMI of 21.1 in the ideal category. The patient came to the IBESt PHYSIO SOLO physiotherapy clinic on August 20, 2023 with complaints of pain in the outer right knee. Physical examination showed normal results except pain examination using the numerical Rating Scale (NRS) obtained silent pain 2/10, tenderness 4/10, and motion pain 5/10. Postoperative ACL Diagnosis through X-ray dextra results. After physiotherapy with ice packs, TENS, and exercises given in the form of quadset, straight raise, ankle set, hamstring set, gluts set, and heel slide six times, obtained a significant reduction in pain and increased functional activity in post op ACL patients. Patients are advised to undergo regular physiotherapy, do stretching exercises before and after activities, and compress with warm water if they experience pain.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Neriza Dwiyanti
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How to Cite
Physiotherapy management in case of Post Reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament sinistra at Sport clinic IBEST PHYSIO SOLO: Case Report. (2025). Kinestetik : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Jasmani, 9(1), 119–127. https://doi.org/10.33369/jk.v9i1.40292
References
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Binkley JM, Stratford PW, Lott SA, RD (2011). Skala Fungsional Ekstremitas Bawah. Jurnal Akademi Kesehatan Jepang Ilmu Pengetahuan, 14(3),137–143.
Delgado, D. A., Lambert, B. S. Boutris, N., McCulloch, P. C., Robbins, A. B., Moreno, M. R., & Harris, J. D. (2018). Validation of Digital Visual Analog Scale Pain Scoring With a Traditional Paper-based Visual Analog Scale in Adults. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Global Research and Reviews, 2(3),1–6. https://doi.org/10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-17-00088
Kendall, McCreary, P. (2019). Muscle Testing and Function with Posture and Pain. In Muscles, testing and function : with Posture and pain (4th Edition, pp. 56-59.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 1993. https://search.worldcat.org/en/title/26396271
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA,Tahun 1993 Jurnal Filsafat dan Ilmu Sosial.
Latihan Terapi. Dalam F. A David Company (Ed.), Latihan Terapi (edisi ke-7, hlm. 1).
Dasar-dasar dan Teknik. https:// books.google.co.id/books?id=yZc6 DwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=id &source=gbs_ge_summary_r&ca
Leigh-Ann Bramble. (2021). tatic vs. Dynamic Stretching: What Are They and Which Should You Do? HSS Sports Rehabilitation and Performance Center. https://www.hss.edu/article_static_dynamic_stretching.asp
Novak, M., & Goolsby, M. (2023). optimizing health equity through para sport. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 57(3), 130–131.
Prabowo, E., & Syahlaa, PL (2023).Hubungan Kekuatan Inti Stabilitas Dengan Fleksibilitas Tungkai Bawah Pada Lansia Di Celana Werdha Budi Mulia 3 Jakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Fisioterapi, 6(01), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.36341/jif.v6i01.2860
Setiawan, A. (2011). Faktor TimbulnyaCedera Olahraga. Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 1(1), 94–98.
Setyaningrum, DAW (2019). Cedera olahraga serta penyakit terkait olahraga. Jurnal Biomedika Dan Kesehatan, 2(1), 39– 44.
Weiler, R., Van Mechelen, W., Fuller, C., & Verhagen, E. (2016). Sport Injuries Sustained by Athletes with Disability: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 46(8), 1141–1153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0478-0
WHO. (2022). Disability. World Health Organizations. https://www.who.int/health-topics/disability#tab
Alanazi, A. D., Mitchell, K., Roddey, T., Alenazi, A. M., Alzhrani, M. M., Almansour, A. M., & Ortiz Rodriguez, A. (2021). The effects of a High intensity exercise bout on landing biomechanics post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a quasi experimental study. BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation 13 (1), 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-021 - 00263 - 7
Andrade, M. S., Lira, C. A., Vancini, R. L., Nakamoto, F. P., Cohen, M., & Silva, A. C. (2014). Differences in muscle strength after ACL reconstruction do not influence cardiorespiratory responses to isometabolic exercise. Brazilian journal of physical therapy, 18 (2), 144 –151. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413 35552012005000153
Anggriani A, Zulkarnain Z, Sulaiman S, Gunawan R. Pengaruh Rom (Range Of Motion) Terhadap Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas Pada Pasien Stroke Non Hemoragic. J Ris Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan. 2018;3(2):64–74
Banfi G, Lombardi G, Colombini A, Melegati G. Whole-body cryotherapy in athletes. Sports medicine. 2010; 40 (6):509 – 17. 10.2165/11531940 – 000000000 -00000
Bieler, T., Sobol, N. A., Andersen, L. L., Kiel, P., Løfholm, P., Aagaard, P., Magnusson, S. P., Krogsgaard, M. R., & Beyer, N. (2014). The effects of high-intensity versus low- intensity resistance training on leg extensor power and recovery of knee function after ACL-reconstruction.BioMed research international,2014, 278512. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/278512
Francaux, M., & Deldicque, L. (2019). Exercise and the control of muscle mass in human. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology,471 (3), 397–411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424 -018-2217-
Friedmann Bette, B., Profit, F., Gwechenberger, T., Weiberg, N., Parstorfer, M., Weber, M. A., Streich,
N., & Barié, A. (2018). Strength Training Effects on Muscular Regene ration after ACL Reconstruction. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 50 (6), 1152 –1161
Gupton M., Imonugo O., Terreberry RR. (2022). Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb, Knee. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Kaya, D., Guney
Deniz, H., Sayaca, C., Calik, M., & Doral, M. N. (2019). Effects on Lower Extremity Neuromuscular Control Exercises on Knee Proprioception, Muscle Strength, and Functional Level in Patients with ACL Reconstruction. BioMed research international, 2019, 1694695. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1694695
Lepley, L. K., Davi, S. M., Burland, J. P., & Lepley, A. S. (2020). Muscle Atrophy After ACL Injury: Implications for Clinical Practice. Sports health, 12 (6), 579–586. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738120944256
MacLennan, R. J., Sahebi, M., Becker, N., Davis, E., Garcia, J. M., & Stock, M. S. (2020). Declines in skeletal muscle quality vs. size following two weeks of knee joint immobilization. PeerJ,8, e8224. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8224NIH: National Institute of Health. (2022). Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury. [online] Available at: <https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001074.htm> [Accessed 24 Februari 2022]
Paschos, N. K., & Howell, S. M. (2017). Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: principles of treatment. EFORT open reviews , 1 (11), 398 – 408. https://doi.org/10.1302/2058 -5241.1.160032
Petersen, W., & Zantop, T. (2007). Anatomy of the anterior cruciate ligament with regard to its two bundles. Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 454, 35–47. https://doi.org/10.1097/BLO.0b013e31802b4a59
Pointon M, Duffield R, Cannon J, Marino FE. Cold application for neuromuscular recovery following intense lower -body exercise.European journal of applied physiology. 2011;111(12):2977–86. 10.1007/s00421-011-1924-1
Raines, B. T., Naclerio, E., & Sherman, S. L. (2017). Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: What's In and What's Out?.Indian journal of orthopaedics,51(5), 563–575. https://doi.org/10.4103/ortho.IJOrtho_24517
Rousseau, R., Labruyere, C., Kajetanek, C., Deschamps, O., Makridis, K. G., & Djian, P. (2019). Complications After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Their Relation to the Type of Graft: A Prospective Study of 958 Cases.The American journal of sports medicine,47 (11), 2543–2549. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546519867913
References
Binkley JM, Stratford PW, Lott SA, RD (2011). Skala Fungsional Ekstremitas Bawah. Jurnal Akademi Kesehatan Jepang Ilmu Pengetahuan, 14(3),137–143.
Delgado, D. A., Lambert, B. S. Boutris, N., McCulloch, P. C., Robbins, A. B., Moreno, M. R., & Harris, J. D. (2018). Validation of Digital Visual Analog Scale Pain Scoring With a Traditional Paper-based Visual Analog Scale in Adults. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Global Research and Reviews, 2(3),1–6. https://doi.org/10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-17-00088
Kendall, McCreary, P. (2019). Muscle Testing and Function with Posture and Pain. In Muscles, testing and function : with Posture and pain (4th Edition, pp. 56-59.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 1993. https://search.worldcat.org/en/title/26396271
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA,Tahun 1993 Jurnal Filsafat dan Ilmu Sosial.
Latihan Terapi. Dalam F. A David Company (Ed.), Latihan Terapi (edisi ke-7, hlm. 1).
Dasar-dasar dan Teknik. https:// books.google.co.id/books?id=yZc6 DwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=id &source=gbs_ge_summary_r&ca
Leigh-Ann Bramble. (2021). tatic vs. Dynamic Stretching: What Are They and Which Should You Do? HSS Sports Rehabilitation and Performance Center. https://www.hss.edu/article_static_dynamic_stretching.asp
Novak, M., & Goolsby, M. (2023). optimizing health equity through para sport. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 57(3), 130–131.
Prabowo, E., & Syahlaa, PL (2023).Hubungan Kekuatan Inti Stabilitas Dengan Fleksibilitas Tungkai Bawah Pada Lansia Di Celana Werdha Budi Mulia 3 Jakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Fisioterapi, 6(01), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.36341/jif.v6i01.2860
Setiawan, A. (2011). Faktor TimbulnyaCedera Olahraga. Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 1(1), 94–98.
Setyaningrum, DAW (2019). Cedera olahraga serta penyakit terkait olahraga. Jurnal Biomedika Dan Kesehatan, 2(1), 39– 44.
Weiler, R., Van Mechelen, W., Fuller, C., & Verhagen, E. (2016). Sport Injuries Sustained by Athletes with Disability: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 46(8), 1141–1153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0478-0
WHO. (2022). Disability. World Health Organizations. https://www.who.int/health-topics/disability#tab
Alanazi, A. D., Mitchell, K., Roddey, T., Alenazi, A. M., Alzhrani, M. M., Almansour, A. M., & Ortiz Rodriguez, A. (2021). The effects of a High intensity exercise bout on landing biomechanics post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a quasi experimental study. BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation 13 (1), 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-021 - 00263 - 7
Andrade, M. S., Lira, C. A., Vancini, R. L., Nakamoto, F. P., Cohen, M., & Silva, A. C. (2014). Differences in muscle strength after ACL reconstruction do not influence cardiorespiratory responses to isometabolic exercise. Brazilian journal of physical therapy, 18 (2), 144 –151. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413 35552012005000153
Anggriani A, Zulkarnain Z, Sulaiman S, Gunawan R. Pengaruh Rom (Range Of Motion) Terhadap Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas Pada Pasien Stroke Non Hemoragic. J Ris Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan. 2018;3(2):64–74
Banfi G, Lombardi G, Colombini A, Melegati G. Whole-body cryotherapy in athletes. Sports medicine. 2010; 40 (6):509 – 17. 10.2165/11531940 – 000000000 -00000
Bieler, T., Sobol, N. A., Andersen, L. L., Kiel, P., Løfholm, P., Aagaard, P., Magnusson, S. P., Krogsgaard, M. R., & Beyer, N. (2014). The effects of high-intensity versus low- intensity resistance training on leg extensor power and recovery of knee function after ACL-reconstruction.BioMed research international,2014, 278512. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/278512
Francaux, M., & Deldicque, L. (2019). Exercise and the control of muscle mass in human. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology,471 (3), 397–411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424 -018-2217-
Friedmann Bette, B., Profit, F., Gwechenberger, T., Weiberg, N., Parstorfer, M., Weber, M. A., Streich,
N., & Barié, A. (2018). Strength Training Effects on Muscular Regene ration after ACL Reconstruction. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 50 (6), 1152 –1161
Gupton M., Imonugo O., Terreberry RR. (2022). Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb, Knee. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Kaya, D., Guney
Deniz, H., Sayaca, C., Calik, M., & Doral, M. N. (2019). Effects on Lower Extremity Neuromuscular Control Exercises on Knee Proprioception, Muscle Strength, and Functional Level in Patients with ACL Reconstruction. BioMed research international, 2019, 1694695. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1694695
Lepley, L. K., Davi, S. M., Burland, J. P., & Lepley, A. S. (2020). Muscle Atrophy After ACL Injury: Implications for Clinical Practice. Sports health, 12 (6), 579–586. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738120944256
MacLennan, R. J., Sahebi, M., Becker, N., Davis, E., Garcia, J. M., & Stock, M. S. (2020). Declines in skeletal muscle quality vs. size following two weeks of knee joint immobilization. PeerJ,8, e8224. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8224NIH: National Institute of Health. (2022). Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury. [online] Available at: <https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001074.htm> [Accessed 24 Februari 2022]
Paschos, N. K., & Howell, S. M. (2017). Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: principles of treatment. EFORT open reviews , 1 (11), 398 – 408. https://doi.org/10.1302/2058 -5241.1.160032
Petersen, W., & Zantop, T. (2007). Anatomy of the anterior cruciate ligament with regard to its two bundles. Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 454, 35–47. https://doi.org/10.1097/BLO.0b013e31802b4a59
Pointon M, Duffield R, Cannon J, Marino FE. Cold application for neuromuscular recovery following intense lower -body exercise.European journal of applied physiology. 2011;111(12):2977–86. 10.1007/s00421-011-1924-1
Raines, B. T., Naclerio, E., & Sherman, S. L. (2017). Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: What's In and What's Out?.Indian journal of orthopaedics,51(5), 563–575. https://doi.org/10.4103/ortho.IJOrtho_24517
Rousseau, R., Labruyere, C., Kajetanek, C., Deschamps, O., Makridis, K. G., & Djian, P. (2019). Complications After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Their Relation to the Type of Graft: A Prospective Study of 958 Cases.The American journal of sports medicine,47 (11), 2543–2549. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546519867913
Delgado, D. A., Lambert, B. S. Boutris, N., McCulloch, P. C., Robbins, A. B., Moreno, M. R., & Harris, J. D. (2018). Validation of Digital Visual Analog Scale Pain Scoring With a Traditional Paper-based Visual Analog Scale in Adults. Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Global Research and Reviews, 2(3),1–6. https://doi.org/10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-17-00088
Kendall, McCreary, P. (2019). Muscle Testing and Function with Posture and Pain. In Muscles, testing and function : with Posture and pain (4th Edition, pp. 56-59.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, 1993. https://search.worldcat.org/en/title/26396271
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA,Tahun 1993 Jurnal Filsafat dan Ilmu Sosial.
Latihan Terapi. Dalam F. A David Company (Ed.), Latihan Terapi (edisi ke-7, hlm. 1).
Dasar-dasar dan Teknik. https:// books.google.co.id/books?id=yZc6 DwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=id &source=gbs_ge_summary_r&ca
Leigh-Ann Bramble. (2021). tatic vs. Dynamic Stretching: What Are They and Which Should You Do? HSS Sports Rehabilitation and Performance Center. https://www.hss.edu/article_static_dynamic_stretching.asp
Novak, M., & Goolsby, M. (2023). optimizing health equity through para sport. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 57(3), 130–131.
Prabowo, E., & Syahlaa, PL (2023).Hubungan Kekuatan Inti Stabilitas Dengan Fleksibilitas Tungkai Bawah Pada Lansia Di Celana Werdha Budi Mulia 3 Jakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Fisioterapi, 6(01), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.36341/jif.v6i01.2860
Setiawan, A. (2011). Faktor TimbulnyaCedera Olahraga. Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 1(1), 94–98.
Setyaningrum, DAW (2019). Cedera olahraga serta penyakit terkait olahraga. Jurnal Biomedika Dan Kesehatan, 2(1), 39– 44.
Weiler, R., Van Mechelen, W., Fuller, C., & Verhagen, E. (2016). Sport Injuries Sustained by Athletes with Disability: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 46(8), 1141–1153. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0478-0
WHO. (2022). Disability. World Health Organizations. https://www.who.int/health-topics/disability#tab
Alanazi, A. D., Mitchell, K., Roddey, T., Alenazi, A. M., Alzhrani, M. M., Almansour, A. M., & Ortiz Rodriguez, A. (2021). The effects of a High intensity exercise bout on landing biomechanics post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a quasi experimental study. BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation 13 (1), 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-021 - 00263 - 7
Andrade, M. S., Lira, C. A., Vancini, R. L., Nakamoto, F. P., Cohen, M., & Silva, A. C. (2014). Differences in muscle strength after ACL reconstruction do not influence cardiorespiratory responses to isometabolic exercise. Brazilian journal of physical therapy, 18 (2), 144 –151. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413 35552012005000153
Anggriani A, Zulkarnain Z, Sulaiman S, Gunawan R. Pengaruh Rom (Range Of Motion) Terhadap Kekuatan Otot Ekstremitas Pada Pasien Stroke Non Hemoragic. J Ris Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan. 2018;3(2):64–74
Banfi G, Lombardi G, Colombini A, Melegati G. Whole-body cryotherapy in athletes. Sports medicine. 2010; 40 (6):509 – 17. 10.2165/11531940 – 000000000 -00000
Bieler, T., Sobol, N. A., Andersen, L. L., Kiel, P., Løfholm, P., Aagaard, P., Magnusson, S. P., Krogsgaard, M. R., & Beyer, N. (2014). The effects of high-intensity versus low- intensity resistance training on leg extensor power and recovery of knee function after ACL-reconstruction.BioMed research international,2014, 278512. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/278512
Francaux, M., & Deldicque, L. (2019). Exercise and the control of muscle mass in human. Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology,471 (3), 397–411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00424 -018-2217-
Friedmann Bette, B., Profit, F., Gwechenberger, T., Weiberg, N., Parstorfer, M., Weber, M. A., Streich,
N., & Barié, A. (2018). Strength Training Effects on Muscular Regene ration after ACL Reconstruction. Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 50 (6), 1152 –1161
Gupton M., Imonugo O., Terreberry RR. (2022). Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb, Knee. StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Kaya, D., Guney
Deniz, H., Sayaca, C., Calik, M., & Doral, M. N. (2019). Effects on Lower Extremity Neuromuscular Control Exercises on Knee Proprioception, Muscle Strength, and Functional Level in Patients with ACL Reconstruction. BioMed research international, 2019, 1694695. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1694695
Lepley, L. K., Davi, S. M., Burland, J. P., & Lepley, A. S. (2020). Muscle Atrophy After ACL Injury: Implications for Clinical Practice. Sports health, 12 (6), 579–586. https://doi.org/10.1177/1941738120944256
MacLennan, R. J., Sahebi, M., Becker, N., Davis, E., Garcia, J. M., & Stock, M. S. (2020). Declines in skeletal muscle quality vs. size following two weeks of knee joint immobilization. PeerJ,8, e8224. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8224NIH: National Institute of Health. (2022). Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury. [online] Available at: <https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001074.htm> [Accessed 24 Februari 2022]
Paschos, N. K., & Howell, S. M. (2017). Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: principles of treatment. EFORT open reviews , 1 (11), 398 – 408. https://doi.org/10.1302/2058 -5241.1.160032
Petersen, W., & Zantop, T. (2007). Anatomy of the anterior cruciate ligament with regard to its two bundles. Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 454, 35–47. https://doi.org/10.1097/BLO.0b013e31802b4a59
Pointon M, Duffield R, Cannon J, Marino FE. Cold application for neuromuscular recovery following intense lower -body exercise.European journal of applied physiology. 2011;111(12):2977–86. 10.1007/s00421-011-1924-1
Raines, B. T., Naclerio, E., & Sherman, S. L. (2017). Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: What's In and What's Out?.Indian journal of orthopaedics,51(5), 563–575. https://doi.org/10.4103/ortho.IJOrtho_24517
Rousseau, R., Labruyere, C., Kajetanek, C., Deschamps, O., Makridis, K. G., & Djian, P. (2019). Complications After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Their Relation to the Type of Graft: A Prospective Study of 958 Cases.The American journal of sports medicine,47 (11), 2543–2549. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546519867913