Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the challenges faced by employee class students in aquatic lectures in terms of time management. Time management here is defined as the decision-making process to organize and adjust time according to changing needs. Employee class students face challenges in dividing their time between work, study, and practical activities that require physical presence. The method used is descriptive quantitative with a questionnaire covering four aspects including time management, time protection, time adaptation, and time use effectiveness. The sample consisted of 40 students who contracted the Aquatic Learning course. The results showed that students' time management skills were in the fairly good category, with an average score of 2.95 on a scale of 1 to 4. The aspects of time management and effectiveness received high scores, while time protection was an area that needed improvement. These findings indicate that although students have basic skills in time management, additional strategies are needed to improve consistency and focus in practical learning.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Sriningsih Sriningsih, Ani Pristiawati, Muhammad Yazid

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References
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- Ahmady, S., Khajeali, N., Kalantarion, M., Sharifi, F., & Yaseri, M. (2021). Relation between stress, time management, and academic achievement in preclinical medical education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 10, 32. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_600_20
- Anabillah, AR, Febriansyah, MR, & Atmaja, MZD (2022). Time Management Skills in Overcoming Academic Procrastination in Students. National Seminar on Psychology and Humanities (SENAPIH), 1(1), Article 1.
- Anatasya, EP, & Sayekti, A. (2022). THE EFFECT OF TIME MANAGEMENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENT ACTIVISTS IN STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS FEM IPB. Journal of Entrepreneurship Management, 19(2), 155. https://doi.org/10.33370/jmk.v19i2.875
- Andrayani, MI, Puspitasari, RHU, & Kusumawati, DA (2022). The Influence of Time Management, Learning Motivation, and Procrastination Behavior on Students' Academic Success: (Case Study of Employee Class Students Semester III and V FEB Universitas PGRI Semarang Academic Year 2020/2021. Scientific Journal of Business Management and Creative Economy, 1(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.26877/jibeka.v1i1.7
- Andri, C., Oktaviati, R., & Wijaya, H. (2024). Implementation of Virtual Campus Tour to Improve the Orientation Experience of Employee Class Students at Jakarta Global University. JTIM: Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia, 6(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.35746/jtim.v6i2.583
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- Dimitriadou, E. (2023). A critical evaluation, challenges, and future perspectives of using artificial intelligence and emerging technologies in smart classrooms. Smart Learning Environments, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00231-3
- Dobson, B., Ward, S., Corden, S., & Tinnion, D. (2025). Comparative analysis of National Student Survey responses: Exploring the perspectives and feedback of undergraduate sport students. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 36, 100550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2025.100550
- Hardani, AO (2024). Time Management of Part-Time Students: (A Phenomenological Study). Katalis Pendidikan: Journal of Educational Sciences and Mathematics, 1(3), 204–210. https://doi.org/10.62383/katalis.v1i3.595
- Haryanto, AI, Pulungan, KA, Siregar, N., Kadir, SS, & Ikhsan, H. (2022). WHAT ARE THE OBSTACLES FACING SPORTS STUDENTS WHO ARE NOT PROFICIENT AT SWIMMING? JSES: Journal of Sport and Exercise Science, 5(2), 79–85. https://doi.org/10.26740/jses.v5n2.p79-85
- Hayman, R., Hibbs, A., Fox, E., Wilson, S., Timmis, M., Stephens, D., & Polman, R. (2025). Sport students experiences of their first year at a Post-92 English University: An exploration through the U-curve theory of adjustment. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 36, 100554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2025.100554
- Herdiana, D. (2021). INNOVATION IN ONLINE LEARNING PROCESS FOR EMPLOYEE CLASS STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. UrbanGreen Conference Proceeding Library, 129–137.
- Hussain, A. (2020). COVID-19 and diabetes: Knowledge in progress. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 162(Query date: 2025-05-14 14:02:51). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108142
- Mardesia, P. (2021). Effectiveness of teaching style: An alternative breaststroke swimming learning model in higher education. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(6), 1236–1243. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090618
- Maria, F., & Afandi, D. (2021). Analysis of Academic Achievement Through Time Management Behavior: EKOMABIS: Journal of Business Management Economics, 2(01), Article 01. https://doi.org/10.37366/ekomabis.v2i01.125
- Maulana, A., Wardana, FB, Hanafri, MI, & Laela, NLB (2024). Gamification-Based Smart Schedule Application to Optimize Time Productivity for Students. JTIM: Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia, 6(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.35746/jtim.v6i2.565
- RIZAL, S. (2023). THE EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING ON ACADEMIC STRESS IN EMPLOYEE CLASS STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY X JAKARTA [S1, Mercu Buana University Jakarta]. https://repository.mercubuana.ac.id/85691/
- Ross, L. K., Lalka, A., Keeter, C., Hamati, M. C., Robell, K., Howell, D. R., Zona, N. E., & Hunt, K. J. (2024). Playing surface and sport contact status modulate time to lower extremity musculoskeletal injury at a greater level than concussion history among collegiate student-athletes. Journal of ISAKOS, 9(4), 628–634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisako.2024.06.008
- Vistanabilla, A., KUSUMANINGTYAS, D., & BIRAWA, SWS (2022). THE EFFECT OF MOTIVATION, PERCEPTION, AND TIME MANAGEMENT ON WORK-LIFE BALANCE (CASE STUDY OF EMPLOYEE CLASS STUDENTS OF MANAGEMENT STUDY, UNIVERSITAS NUSANTARA PGRI KEDIRI) [Other, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri]. https://repository.unpkediri.ac.id/4978/
- Wahyuni, NT, & Machali, I. (2021). The Influence of Time Management and Self-Efficacy on Thesis Writing Procrastination in Students in Kandis District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. HEUTAGOGIA: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.14421/hjie.2021.12-02
- Xu, Z. (2024). RESEARCH ON TEACHING MODEL OF SWIMMING SKILLS TRAINING IN COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de La Actividad Fisica y Del Deporte, 24(96), 490–503. https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2024.96.030
References
Aeon, B., & Aguinis, H. (2017). It's About Time: New Perspectives and Insights on Time Management. Academy of Management Perspectives, 31(4), 309–330. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2016.0166
Ahmady, S., Khajeali, N., Kalantarion, M., Sharifi, F., & Yaseri, M. (2021). Relation between stress, time management, and academic achievement in preclinical medical education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 10, 32. https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_600_20
Anabillah, AR, Febriansyah, MR, & Atmaja, MZD (2022). Time Management Skills in Overcoming Academic Procrastination in Students. National Seminar on Psychology and Humanities (SENAPIH), 1(1), Article 1.
Anatasya, EP, & Sayekti, A. (2022). THE EFFECT OF TIME MANAGEMENT ON ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENT ACTIVISTS IN STUDENT ORGANIZATIONS FEM IPB. Journal of Entrepreneurship Management, 19(2), 155. https://doi.org/10.33370/jmk.v19i2.875
Andrayani, MI, Puspitasari, RHU, & Kusumawati, DA (2022). The Influence of Time Management, Learning Motivation, and Procrastination Behavior on Students' Academic Success: (Case Study of Employee Class Students Semester III and V FEB Universitas PGRI Semarang Academic Year 2020/2021. Scientific Journal of Business Management and Creative Economy, 1(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.26877/jibeka.v1i1.7
Andri, C., Oktaviati, R., & Wijaya, H. (2024). Implementation of Virtual Campus Tour to Improve the Orientation Experience of Employee Class Students at Jakarta Global University. JTIM: Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia, 6(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.35746/jtim.v6i2.583
Central Statistics Agency. (2020). Children are the Future of Indonesia. https://www.bps.go.id/id/news/2020/10/20/390/anak-adalah-masa-depan-indonesia.html
Dimitriadou, E. (2023). A critical evaluation, challenges, and future perspectives of using artificial intelligence and emerging technologies in smart classrooms. Smart Learning Environments, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-023-00231-3
Dobson, B., Ward, S., Corden, S., & Tinnion, D. (2025). Comparative analysis of National Student Survey responses: Exploring the perspectives and feedback of undergraduate sport students. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 36, 100550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2025.100550
Hardani, AO (2024). Time Management of Part-Time Students: (A Phenomenological Study). Katalis Pendidikan: Journal of Educational Sciences and Mathematics, 1(3), 204–210. https://doi.org/10.62383/katalis.v1i3.595
Haryanto, AI, Pulungan, KA, Siregar, N., Kadir, SS, & Ikhsan, H. (2022). WHAT ARE THE OBSTACLES FACING SPORTS STUDENTS WHO ARE NOT PROFICIENT AT SWIMMING? JSES: Journal of Sport and Exercise Science, 5(2), 79–85. https://doi.org/10.26740/jses.v5n2.p79-85
Hayman, R., Hibbs, A., Fox, E., Wilson, S., Timmis, M., Stephens, D., & Polman, R. (2025). Sport students experiences of their first year at a Post-92 English University: An exploration through the U-curve theory of adjustment. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 36, 100554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2025.100554
Herdiana, D. (2021). INNOVATION IN ONLINE LEARNING PROCESS FOR EMPLOYEE CLASS STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. UrbanGreen Conference Proceeding Library, 129–137.
Hussain, A. (2020). COVID-19 and diabetes: Knowledge in progress. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 162(Query date: 2025-05-14 14:02:51). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108142
Mardesia, P. (2021). Effectiveness of teaching style: An alternative breaststroke swimming learning model in higher education. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 9(6), 1236–1243. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2021.090618
Maria, F., & Afandi, D. (2021). Analysis of Academic Achievement Through Time Management Behavior: EKOMABIS: Journal of Business Management Economics, 2(01), Article 01. https://doi.org/10.37366/ekomabis.v2i01.125
Maulana, A., Wardana, FB, Hanafri, MI, & Laela, NLB (2024). Gamification-Based Smart Schedule Application to Optimize Time Productivity for Students. JTIM: Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia, 6(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.35746/jtim.v6i2.565
RIZAL, S. (2023). THE EFFECT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING ON ACADEMIC STRESS IN EMPLOYEE CLASS STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY X JAKARTA [S1, Mercu Buana University Jakarta]. https://repository.mercubuana.ac.id/85691/
Ross, L. K., Lalka, A., Keeter, C., Hamati, M. C., Robell, K., Howell, D. R., Zona, N. E., & Hunt, K. J. (2024). Playing surface and sport contact status modulate time to lower extremity musculoskeletal injury at a greater level than concussion history among collegiate student-athletes. Journal of ISAKOS, 9(4), 628–634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisako.2024.06.008
Vistanabilla, A., KUSUMANINGTYAS, D., & BIRAWA, SWS (2022). THE EFFECT OF MOTIVATION, PERCEPTION, AND TIME MANAGEMENT ON WORK-LIFE BALANCE (CASE STUDY OF EMPLOYEE CLASS STUDENTS OF MANAGEMENT STUDY, UNIVERSITAS NUSANTARA PGRI KEDIRI) [Other, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri]. https://repository.unpkediri.ac.id/4978/
Wahyuni, NT, & Machali, I. (2021). The Influence of Time Management and Self-Efficacy on Thesis Writing Procrastination in Students in Kandis District, Siak Regency, Riau Province. HEUTAGOGIA: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.14421/hjie.2021.12-02
Xu, Z. (2024). RESEARCH ON TEACHING MODEL OF SWIMMING SKILLS TRAINING IN COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE. Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de La Actividad Fisica y Del Deporte, 24(96), 490–503. https://doi.org/10.15366/rimcafd2024.96.030