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Abstract
This study aims to develop a passing technique skill training model in futsal games for students of the Physical Education, Health, and Recreation (PJKR) Study Program, Class of 2024, Tadulako University, Palu City, using the Borg and Gall Research and Development (R&D) method consisting of ten stages. The research subjects were 30 students selected through purposive sampling techniques, with data collection carried out through questionnaires, expert validation sheets, and small group and large group trials. The validation results showed that two futsal experts gave a feasibility percentage of 72% with the category "used", while learning experts gave a percentage of 83% with the category "very suitable for use", and the results of small group and large group trials each obtained a percentage of 76% with the category "used". The results of the study indicate that the developed training model has a good level of validity, practicality, and usefulness in improving students' understanding, interest, and passing technique skills in futsal games, although some training variations still need to be refined, especially in terms of the level of difficulty and movement variations, so that further improvements are recommended to improve the quality of the training model as a whole.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Moh Syahrir Ishak, Tri Murtono, Andi Saparia, Muh. Saldi

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References
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- Silva, V., Aguiar, S., Sousa, C., Sotero, R., Filho, J., Oliveira, I., … & Sales, M. (2017). Effects of short-term plyometric training on physical fitness parameters in female futsal athletes. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 29(5), 783-788. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.29.783
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References
Casey, A., & Goodyear, V. A. (2020). Digital technologies in physical education: Global perspectives. Routledge.
Casey, A., & MacPhail, A. (2021). Adopting a models-based approach to teaching physical education. European Physical Education Review, 27(1), 105–119. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X20968530
Hardani, Andriani, H., Ustiawaty, J., Utami, E. F., Istiqomah, R. R., Fardani, R. A., Sukmana, D. J., & Auliya, N. H. (2020). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif & Kuantitatif (H. Abadi (ed.); Cetakan I). Pustaka Ilmu.
Hamdani, L., Handayani, H., & Anwar, K. (2022). Pengaruh latihan variasi small sided games terhadap kemampuan teknik dasar passing dan stopping pemian futsal the jinkz fc bangkalan. Jurnal Ilmiah Mandala Education, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.58258/jime.v8i3.3732
Harvey, S., & Pill, S. (2021). Teaching games for understanding: Theory, research, and practice. Routledge.
Hastie, P. A., Martínez de Ojeda, D., & Calderón, A. (2020). A review of research on Sport Education: 2004 to the present. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 25(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2019.1660456
Hidayat, A. (2020). Pengaruh latihan teknik passing terhadap peningkatan keterampilan permainan futsal pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga, 12(3), 45-52.
Indrayogi, I., Sofyan, D., Rudi, R., & Fauzi, R. (2023). The influence of small-sided games training on passing and endurance ability in bmi men's futsal team. Sriwijaya Journal of Sport, 2(2), 113-127. https://doi.org/10.55379/sjs.v2i2.677
Issurin, V. B. (2021). Principles and basics of advanced athletic training: A scientific approach to periodization and planning. Ultimate Athlete Concepts.
Kirk, D. (2020). Physical education and curriculum study: A critical introduction. Routledge.
Loughran, M. (2021). The Science of Futsal: Performance and Training Concepts. Routledge.
Muarif, M., Nazurty, & Palmizal. (2021). Pengembangan Media Audio Visual Latihan Passing dalam Permainan Futsal. Cerdas Sifa Pendidikan, 10(1), 16–23.
Oliveira, J., Sampaio, T., Marinho, D., Barbosa, T., & Morais, J. (2024). Exploring injury prevention strategies for futsal players: a systematic review. Healthcare, 12(14), 1387. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12141387
Praniata, A. R., Kridasuwarso, B., & Puspitorini, W. (2019). Model Latihan Passing Futsal Berbasis Small Sided Games Untuk Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas. Journal Sport Area, 4(1), 191–197. https://doi.org/10.25299/sportarea.2019.vol4(1).2364
Renshaw, I., Chow, J. Y., Davids, K., & Hammond, J. (2019). A constraints-led perspective to understanding skill acquisition and game play. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 24(2), 154–166.
Ridwan, M., & Arini, I. (2022). Pengembangan model latihan passing Kontrolling futsal untuk anak usia SMP. Journal RESPECS (Research Physical Education and Sport), 2(2), 172–176. https://doi.org/10.31949/respecs.v4i2.3379
Rismawati, D. (2018). Pemanfaatan teknologi dalam latihan futsal: Studi pada peningkatan keterampilan passing di kalangan mahasiswa. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 8(1), 33-39.
Rismawati, D. (2018). Pemanfaatan teknologi dalam latihan futsal: Studi pada peningkatan keterampilan passing di kalangan mahasiswa. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 8(1), 33-39.
Sapardi, S., Andiyanto, A., & Ricky, Z. (2021). Model latihan passing futsal untuk klub. BRAVO’S: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Jasmani dan Kesehatan, 9(4), 189–199. https://doi.org/10.32682/bravos.v9i4.1991
Sari, P. (2019). Pengembangan model latihan futsal untuk meningkatkan keterampilan passing pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan, 7(2), 71-78.
Sembodo, S. (2017). Pengembangan model latihan teknik dasar passing dan Kontrol dalam permainan futsal melalui video pada atlet Bina Harapan Setia Kota Malang (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Negeri Malang).
Setiawan, L., Hendrayana, Y., & Mahendra, A. (2020). Pengaruh program motor cognitive coordination training terhadap gross motor skill dan working memory dalam pendidikan jasmani. Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Pendidikan, 13(2), 94-109. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpipfip.v13i2.29279
Setiawan, W. A., Festiawan, R., Heza, F. N., Kusuma, I. J., Hidayat, R., & Khurrohman, M. F. (2021). Peningkatan keterampilan dasar futsal melalui metode latihan passing aktif dan pasif. Jurnal Pendidikan Kesehatan Rekreasi, 7(2), 270–278. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4896155
Silva, V., Aguiar, S., Sousa, C., Sotero, R., Filho, J., Oliveira, I., … & Sales, M. (2017). Effects of short-term plyometric training on physical fitness parameters in female futsal athletes. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 29(5), 783-788. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.29.783
Sugandi, G. and Santosa, A. (2020). Pengaruh small sided game terhadap keterampilan teknik dasar passing dalam permainan futsal. Journal of Physical and Outdoor Education, 2(1), 109-116. https://doi.org/10.37742/jpoe.v2i1.30
Sugiyono, M. (2019). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tan, T., Chia, M., & Teo, Y. (2023). Integration of technology in physical education: Opportunities and challenges. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 42(1), 22–37.