ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla spp.) DI EKOSISTEM MANGROVE KELURAHAN KANDANG KECAMATAN KAMPUNG MELAYU KOTA BENGKULU
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Vol 10 No 1 (2021)
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September 17, 2021
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January 1, 2022
Abstrak
The goals of this study was to identify the characteristics of mangrove crab habitat in Kandang Village, Kampung Melayu District, Bengkulu City. This research was conducted in September 2020, using a survey method. Primary data were collected by direct observation and measurement methods at the research location.The station for sampling and data measurement was determined by the purposive method. All samples were analyzed in the Fishery Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Bengkulu University.The analysis of the bottom substrate type was carried out using the Shepard Triangle method. Macrozoobenthos data analysis was conducted to determine the conditions of structural community which consisted of diversity index (H '), uniformity index (E) and dominance index (C). The study results showed the waters parameter values of the mangrove crab habitat were temperature (290 C), pH (7), and salinity (10ppt). Based on sediment analysis showed that the sediment was dominated by the dust fraction, which was 74.54%, then followed by 11% clay and 10% sand. The substrate of the waters is a dusty clay type, with a composition of dust (74.54%), clay (11%), and sand (10%). There are 4 types of macrozoobenthos that found from substrate samples, namely Thiaridae, Corbiludae, Bulimidae, and Gobiidae. The value of the diversity index (H ') macrozoobenthos was 0.83 and the dominance index value (C) was 0.74. The uniformity index (E) was based on the calculation of the data obtained by the value of 0.60, this showed that the level of uniformity was high, also justified by the presence of one dominating individual. The parameter values and the type of water substrate in Kandang Village, Kampung Melayu District, Bengkulu City still support the growth and survival of mangrove crabs.
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Referensi
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249 P-ISSN: 2302- 6715 E- ISSN: 2654-7732
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Avianto, I., Sulistiono, dan I. Setyobudiandi. 2013. Karakteristik habitat dan potensikepitingbakau (Scylla serrata, S.transquaberica, dan S. olivacea) di hutan mangrove Cibako, SancangKabupatenGarutJawaBarat.J.I lmuPerikanan dan SumberdayaPerairanAquasains, 2, 97106. Bidawi, B. M., D. Desrita, Y. Yunasfi. 2017. Tembakul (famili: gobiidae) pada ekosistem mangrove di DesaPulau Sembilan KabupatenLangkatProvinsi Sumatera Utara. Depik, 6, 228-234. Bouchard. R. W. 2004. Guide to Aquatic Macroinvertebrata of the Upper Midwest. Water Resources Center: University of Minnesota. Buhang, A. 2009. Sifat Fisik Tanah Pada TegakanAgroforestriSederhana dan Kompleks di Kawasan Zona Penyangga Taman Nasional Lore LinduKecamatan Palolo KabupateenSigi.Skripsi,JurusanKehuta nanFakultasKehutanan Universitas Tadulakop,Palu. DirektoratJenderalPengolahan dan Pemasaran Hasil Perikanan.2011. StatistikEkspor Hasil Perikanan2010: Buku I. Jakarta: Pusat Data, Statistik, dan Informasi, SekretariatJenderal, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. Djarwanto, P.S. dan P. Subagyo.1998. StatistikInduktif. Yogyakarta:BPFE.
248
Volume 10 Nomor 1, April 2021 P-ISSN: 2302- 6715 E- ISSN: 2654-7732
Djumanto, S. Eko, Rudiansyah. 2012.
Fekunditas ikan belodok, Boleophthalmusboddarti (Pallas 1770) di Pantai Brebes.JurnalIkhtiologi Indonesia, 12, 59- 71.
Edmondson. W. T. 1959. Fresh Water Biology.NewYork: Jhon Willey & Sons Inc Effendi, H.2003.Telaah kualitas air bagipengelolaansumberdaya dan Food and AgricultureOrganization (FAO).2011. Modul mud crab culture. Rome:FAO.
Fortes RD.1999. Mud Crab Research and Development in the Philippines: An Overview. In Keenan, C.P. & A. Blackshaw (eds). Mud CrabAquaculture and Biology. Proceedings of an International Scientific Forum held in Darwin, Australia, 21-24 April 1977. ACIAR Proceeding, 78: 27 – 32p.
Gerber, A.2002. Aquatic Invertebrates of South African Rivers. Africa: Institute for Water Qulity Studies. Gunarto& A. F.Widodo.2012.
Pengaruhperbedaansuhu air pada perkembangan larva kepitingbakau (Scylla olivacea).ProsidingIndo AquaForumInovasiTeknologiAkuaku ltur,281-288 p.
Hamasaki, K. 2003. Effect of temperature on the egg incubation period, survival and developmental period of larvae of the mud crab Scylla serrata (Forsskal) reared in the laboratory. Aquaculture, 219, 561-572 Hassan A, Hai TN, Chatterji A, Sukumaran M. 2011. Preliminary study on the feeding regime of laboratory reared mud crab larva, Scylla serrata (Forsskal, 1775). World applied sciences journal, 14,1651-1654.
Herlinah. Sulaiman dan Tenriulo A. 2010.
PembesaranKepitingBakau (Skylla
lingkunanperairan.Yogyakarta:Kani sius. Ferraris. R. P. F.D.P. Estepa. J.M.Ladja and E.G.De Jesus.1986. Effect of salinity on the osmotic.chloride. total protein and calcium concentration in the hemolymph of the prawn. Penaeus monodon Fabricius.Comp.Biochem.Physiol, 83, 701-708.
serrata) Di TambakDenganPemberianPakanBer beda. Sulawesi: BalairisetperikananBudidaya Air Payau Ayu. A, M.Dewi.A, I Wayan Arnata.2015. OptimasiSalinitas Dan Ph Awal Media Bg-11terhadap KonsentrasiBiomassaTetraselmisCh uii.Bali:Jurusan Teknik IndustriPertanian, Fakultas Teknik Pertanian Universitas Udayana. Katiandagho, B. 2014. AnalisisFluktuasi Parameter Kualitas Air TerhadapAktifitas Molting KepitingBakau (Scylla Sp).JurnalIlmiahAgribisnisdan Perikanan.Ternate, 7.
Ida
Karim, M. Y. 2005. Kinerja PertumbuhanKepitingBakauBetina (Scylla serrata Forskal) Pada BerbagaiSalinitas Media dan Evaluasinya Pada Salinitas Optimum Dengan Kadar Protein PakanBerbeda (desertasi).SekolahPascasarjana, InstitutPertanian Bogor. Bogor. Kasry, A. 1991. BudidayakepitingBakau dan BiologiRingkas.Jakarta:Penerbit PT. BhrataraNiagaMeda, Kasry, A. 1996. Budidayakepitingbakau dan biologiringkas.Jakarta:PT. BhrataraNiaga Medan, .
Kanna I. 2002. Budidayakepitingbakau:
pembenihan dan pembesaran.Yogyakarta:Kanisius. Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan.2018. Potensi Usaha dan
NATURALIS – Jurnal Penelitian Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan
249 P-ISSN: 2302- 6715 E- ISSN: 2654-7732
PeluangInvestasiKelautan dan PeriPerikananProvinsi Bengkulu. Bengkulu: DirektoratJenderalPenDirektoratJenderalPeningProdukKelautan dan Perikanan Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. Krebs, C. J. 1978. Ecology. The Experimental Analysis of Distribution and Abudance, Second Edition. Harper & Row Publishers, New York. Kumlu, M., O.T.Eroldogan and B.Saglamtimur.2001. Effect of salinity and added substrates on growth andsurvivalofMetapenaeusMonocero s (Decapoda: Penaeidae) post larvae. Aquaculture, 196, 177-188. Ludwig E.J and Reynolds. 1988. Statistical Ecology a Primer inMethods and Computing. New York:John Wiley and Sons. Li YY, Xia XA, Wu QY, Liu WH, Lin YS.2008. Infection with Hematodinium sp. in mud crabs Scylla serrata cultured in low salinity water in southern China. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 82, 145?150. Millamena, O.M. & E.T. Quinitio. 1999. Reproductive Performance of Pondsourced Scylla serrata Fed Various BroodstockDiets.InKeenan, C.P. & A. Blackshaw (eds). Mud Crab Aquaculture and Biology. Proceeding of an International Scientific Forum held in Darwin, Australia, 21-24 April 1997. ACIAR Proceedings, 78, 114 117p. Minggawati, I. 2013. StrukturKomunitasMakrozoobentos Di PerairanRawaBanjiran Sungai Rungan, Kota Palangka Raya. JurnalIlmuHewaniTropika, 2, 64-68. Morton, B. 1976. The biology and Funcional of The Souteast Asian Mangrove Bivalve Polymesoda (Geloina) erosa (Solander, 1976) Bivalve: Corciculidae, From Indo-
Pasific Mangrove Asian Marine Biology. Moosa, M.K, 1985. KepitingBakau (Scylla serrata Forskal) Dari PerairanIndonesia.ProyekStudiPote nsiSumberdayaAlam Indonesia.Jakarta:Lembaga Oseanologi Nasional, Lembaga IlmuPengatahuan Indonesia. Motoh, H. 1979. Edible crustaceans in Philippines. 11th Scylla serrata (Forsskal), in A series. Asian Aquaculture, 2, 5. Muhtadi A, Sabilah fi Ramadhani, Yunasfi. 2016. Identification and habitat type of Mudskipper (Family: Gobiidae) at the Bali Beach, district of Batu Bara, north Sumatra province. Biospecies, 9, 1-6. Muntsji, A. R. 1972. BeberapaAspekBiologiRumputLau t.SkripsiDalam Mata AjaranPokokHidrologi. InstitutPertanian Bogor. FakultasPertanian. Murdy, E.O. 1986. The lords of the mudflats.Freshwater and Marine Aquarium, 9, 20- 23. Nisa K, Marsi, Fitriani M. 2013. Pengaruh pH pada media air rawaterhadapkelangsunganhidup dan pertumbuhanbenih ikan gabusChanna striata. JurnalAkuakulturRawa Indonesia, 1, 57?65. Nontji, A. 1993. Laut Nusantara. Jakarta:Djambatan. Nurdiani R, Zeng C. 2007. Effects of temperature and salinity on the survival and development of mud crab Scylla serrata (Forsskål) larvae. Aquaculture Research, 38, 529?1.538 Nybakken, J.W., 1992. BiologiLautSuatuPendekatanEkologi s. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama. Odum, E.P. 1993. Dasar-dasarEkologi. TjahjonoSamingan, Penerjemah; Yogyakarta: Ed ke-3. Universitas
250
Volume 10 Nomor 1, April 2021 P-ISSN: 2302- 6715 E- ISSN: 2654-7732
Gadjah Mada. Terjemahandari: Fundamental of Ecology.
Odum, E.P. 1996. Dasar-Dasar Ekologi.Terjemahan oleh Samingan dan B. Srigadi.Yogyakarta:Universitas Gajah Mada Press.
Pescod, N.B.1973. Investigation of Rational Effluent and Stream ForTropicalCountries.Bangkok: AIT.
Puji, Y.H. Horas Nadeak. Ridwan Affandi.Kurnia Faturrohman. 2016. Penentuan pH optimum untukpertumbuhankepitingbakau Scylla serrata dalamwadahterkontrol.
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Penulis
Zamdial, Z., Hartono, D., Rhamadhon, A., & Herliany, N. E. (2022). ANALISIS KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla spp.) DI EKOSISTEM MANGROVE KELURAHAN KANDANG KECAMATAN KAMPUNG MELAYU KOTA BENGKULU. Naturalis: Jurnal Penelitian Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam Dan Lingkungan, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.31186/naturalis.10.1.17931
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