Kajian Hubungan Antara Perubahan Tutupan Lahan dan Dinamika Kelimpahan Jenis Gajah Sumatera (Elephas Maximus Sumatranus Temminck, 1847) di Taman Wisata Alam Seblat Tahun 2011-2020
Abstract
Seblat Natural Tourism Park is substantial for the well being of Sumatran Elephant which provides suitable habitat in Bengkulu Province. The conversion of former production forest area with Particular Function of Elephant Training Center of Seblat into Convertible Production Forest Area of Seblat as wide as 710 hectares in 2011, and forest enroachment activities resulted in fragmentation of Sumatran Elephant habitat. This fragmentation led to the isolation of Seblat Natural Tourism Park and separation from surrounding forest area, which affects the species abundance of Sumatran Elephant. A study is required to understand the relationship between land cover change and dynamics of species abundance of Sumatran elephant during the period of 2011-2020. The study was conducted in the TWA Seblat with the area of ±7,768.36 hectares. Data used in this study were secondary data, particularly inventory data of Sumatran Elephants from the BKSDABengkulu which was obtained using the path transect method from patrol activities as many as ±228 patrols for ±1596 days, and land cover data which was obtained from the Directorate of Forest Resources Inventory and Monitoring, Directorate General of PKTL. Spatial analysis was carried out by performing topology test using ArcGIS 10.4 software and land cover classification based on SNI 7645:2010. Topology test resulted in 1 forest cover class and 6 non-forest cover classes. Statistical analysis carried out was multiple linear regression using the IBM SPSS 26 application by performing the Anova test or F test, and T test. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed the correlation value (R) 0.753 indicated that there was close relationship between secondary dryland forest (X1) and shrubs (X2) with the dynamics of the species abundance of Sumatran elephant (Y). The contribution of variable X1 and variable X2 in influencing variable Y was56.7%, and 43.3% was influenced by other variables which unincluded in this study. The calculated F value is 3.935 with p value 0.081, andbecause the p value is higher than 0.05, simultaneously secondary dryland forest (X1) and shrubs (X2) did not influence the dynamics of the species abundance of Sumatran elephant (Y). The calculated T value is 1.776 with value of p=0.126, because value of p is higher than 0.05, partially there is no significant influence between secondary dryland forest (X1) on the dynamics of the species abundance of Sumatran elephant species (Y). Determining the influence of shrubs (X2) on the dynamics of the species abundance of Sumatran elephant (Y) resulted in T value of 2.579 and value of p=0.042, with value of p is lower than 0.05 means that there were significant effect between the two variables.
Full text article
References
BKSDA Bengkulu. 2022. Rencana Pengelolaan Jangka Panjang Taman Wisata Alam Seblat Tahun 2023-2032.
Dhaka, Y.R., A.S. Leksono, dan D. Suprayitno. 2017. Analisis dan Dampaknya Secara Ekonomi, Ekologi dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perambahan Hutan di Kawasan Cagar Alam Watu Ata Kecamatan Bajawa. Konservasi Sumberdaya Hutan Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan. 1(4): 51-58. Desember 2017. https://ejournal.ipm.ac.id/ (25 Februari 2021).
Gunawan, H dan L.B. Prasetyo. 2013. Fragmentasi Hutan, Teori yang mendasari penataan ruang hutan menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Konservasi dan Rehabilitasi. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan. Kementerian Kehutanan. Bogor. 2013.
Hadadi, O.H., Hartono, E. Haryono. 2015. Analisis Potensi Habitat dan Koridor Harimau Sumatera di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Bukit Batabuh, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Provinsi Riau. 2015. Sekolah Pasca Sarjana Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta. Indonesia. 29 (1). 40-50. Maret 2015.
Hidayat, W., Abdullah, dan Khairil. 2018. Estimasi Populasi Gajah Sumatera (Elephas maximus sumatranus) Berdasarkan Metode Defekasi di Kawasan Hutan Peunaron Kabupaten Aceh Timur. Jurnal EduBio Tropika. Volume 6, Nomor 1, April 2018. Program Studi Magister Pendidikan Biologi. Universitas Syah Kuala. Aceh.
Mardiansyah, A. Susatya, H. Suhartoyo, G. Anwar dan D. Uker. 2022. Pemanfaatan Drone/ Unmanned Aerial Vehicle dalam Klasifikasi Tutupan Lahan Taman Wisata Alam Danau Dusun Besar Provinsi Bengkulu. Naturalis-Jurnal Penelitian Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan. 11(1). April 2022.
Mossbrucker, A.M. 2021. Island Elephants, The Giants of Sumatra. International Elephant Project. Perth, Australia.
Ningsih, S., dan H. Dukalang. 2019. Penerapan Metode Suksesif Interval pada Analisis Regresi Linier Berganda. Jambura Journal of Mathematics, 1(1). Januari 2019. http://ejurnal.ung.ac.id/index.php/jjom.
Rahmansyah, R., A. Susatya, dan H. Suhartoyo. 2014. Studi Kelimpahan jenis Mamalia Besar di HPK Eks PLG (Pusat Latihan Gajah) Seblat Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Skripsi. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Bengkulu. (dipublikasikan).
Siregar, I. A. 2021. Analisis dan Interpretasi Data Kuantitatif. Journal of Education. Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara. 1(2). Juni 2021. http://Ipppipublishing.com/index.php/alacrity.
Sitompul, A.F., C.R. Griffin, T.K. Fuller. 2013. Diurnal Activty and Food Choice of Free-foraging Captive Elephants at the Seblat Elephant Conservation Center, Sumatra, Indonesia. Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA. 38 (2013) 19-24.
Sitompul, A.F., C.R. Griffin, T.K. Fuller. 2013. Sumatran elephant ranging behavior in a fragmented rainforest landscape. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation. Vol. 5(2). Pp. 66-72. February, 2013. http://www.academicjournals.org/IJBC
Suliyanto. 2017. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif. Pelatihan Metodologi Penelitian. Universitas Peradaban Bumiayu. https://eprints.peradaban.ac.id (2 april 2021)
Taralalu, J.M., C. Boer, dan I. Kuncoro. 2006. Kajian tentang Habitat dan Populasi Rusa (Cervus timorensis) di Taman Nasional Lore Lindu, Sulawesi Tengah. Jurnal Kehutanan Unmul 2 (2), Oktober 2006. https://jurnalkehutananunmul.zohosites.com (1 Februari 2021).
Authors
Copyright (c) 2025 Erni Suyanti, Agus Susatya, Wiryono, Bieng Brata, Hery Suhartoyo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
An author who publishes in Naturalis agrees to the following terms:
Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
The author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. The author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Submission of a manuscript implies that the submitted work has not been published before (except as part of a thesis or report, or abstract); that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors. If and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the author(s) still hold the copyright and retain publishing rights without restrictions. Authors or others are allowed to multiply an article as long as not for commercial purposes. For the new invention, authors are suggested to manage its patent before published. The license type is CC-BY-SA 4.0.
Naturalis is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.