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Abstract
Keselamatan pelayaran kapal nelayan masih menghadapi tantangan akibat keterbatasan perangkat navigasi dan komunikasi. Automatic Identification System (AIS) adalah solusi navigasi yang dapat meningkatkan keselamatan kapal, namun harga perangkat AIS yang tinggi menjadi kendala bagi kapal nelayan kecil. Penelitian ini mengembangkan perangkat AIS Mobile berbasis GPS, sensor tekanan udara BME280, dan GSM (SIM7000E) sebagai alternatif yang lebih ekonomis. Perangkat ini mampu mengirimkan data posisi kapal, arah, kecepatan, tekanan udara, suhu, dan ketinggian tempat ke platform IoT Ubidots secara real-time. Analisis dilakukan terhadap akurasi sensor, efisiensi konsumsi daya, dan keberhasilan pengiriman data yang diukur melalui Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR). Hasil kalibrasi sensor BME280 menunjukkan akurasi 99,7% dengan nilai RMSE 0,0022 hPa. Pengujian lapangan di perairan Tanjung Berakit menunjukkan bahwa perangkat dapat mengirimkan data posisi dengan PDR sebesar 85,5%. Implementasi AIS Mobile ini menawarkan solusi yang lebih terjangkau dibandingkan AIS konvensional, sekaligus meningkatkan keselamatan kapal nelayan melalui pemantauan data navigasi dan kondisi lingkungan secara real-time.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Hollanda Arief Kusuma, Handallah Jabbal Nur
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Pengembangan AIS Mobile Berbasis GPS dan Sensor Tekanan Udara dengan Evaluasi Packet Delivery Ratio untuk Kapal Nelayan. (2025). Newton-Maxwell Journal of Physics, 6(1), 10–21. https://doi.org/10.33369/nmj.v6i1.40162
References
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[3] M. Kendek, I. Iskandar, I. D. Satria, and A. W. Bayuntara, “STUDI KASUS ANALISIS HASIL INVESTIGASI KOMITE NASIONAL KESELAMATAN TRANSPORTASI (KNKT) TERHADAP PENYEBAB TUBRUKAN KAPAL DI PERAIRAN INDONESIA,” JPB J. Patria Bahari, vol. 2, no. 2, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.54017/jpb.v2i2.60.
[4] Ismadi, “Banyak Kecelakaan Kapal Ikan, Kelalaian Siapa?” Accessed: Jun. 06, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://nusantaramaritimenews.id/analisis/banyak-kecelakaan-kapal-ikan-kelalaian-siapa/
[5] A. A. Samekto, “ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESELAMATAN PELAYARAN KAPAL PENANGKAP IKAN DI PELABUHAN TASIKAGUNG REMBANG,” J. SAINS DAN Teknol. Marit., vol. 19, no. 2, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.33556/jstm.v19i2.208.
[6] M. Tichavska, F. Cabrera, B. Tovar, and V. Araña, “Use of the Automatic Identification System in Academic Research,” 2015, pp. 33–40. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-27340-2_5.
[7] H. Saputra, A. B. K. Atmaja, D. Istardi, and ..., “Penggunaan Data Automatic Identification System (AIS) untuk Mengetahui Pergerakan Kapal,” J. Integr., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 139–143, 2016, [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.polibatam.ac.id/index.php/JI/article/view/44
[8] R. A. Wahab, “Penggunaan Alat dan Perangkat Telekomunikasi dalam Sistem Navigasi dan Komunikasi Aktivitas Perikanan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Bitung,” Bul. Pos dan Telekomun., vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 279–290, 2014, [Online]. Available: https://web.archive.org/web/20161210230229id_/http://online.bpostel.com:80/index.php/bpostel/article/download/120404/22
[9] A. Maulidi, “Disain Sistem Navigasi Automatic Identification System (AIS) Transceiver Berbasis Mini Computer Pada Kapal Nelayan Tradisional Di Madura,” INOVTEK POLBENG, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 12, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.35314/ip.v9i1.878.
[10] Kementerian Perhubungan, Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan tentang Pemasangan dan Pengaktifan Sistem Identifikasi Otomatis bagi Kapal yang Berlayar di wilayah Perairan Indonesia. Indonesia, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/102493/permenhub-no-7-tahun-2019
[11] A. Kuncoro, M. Ma’muri, and M. Agus, “PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN PERANGKAT AIS UNTUK NELAYAN TRADISIONAL,” J. Kelaut. dan Perikan. Terap., vol. 3, no. 1, p. 17, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.15578/jkpt.v3i1.8227.
[12] S. W. Widyanto, M. Agus, S. Wisnugroho, and A. Kuncoro, “Teknik Telekomunikasi Pada Perekayasaan Teknologi Pengawasan Wilayah Konservasi Laut,” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kedua Sinergitas Multidisiplin Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi, Makassar: Yayasan Pendidikan dan Research Indonesia, 2019, pp. 259–266. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.yapri.ac.id/index.php/semnassmipt/article/view/109
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[14] S. J. Chang, C. H. Huang, and S. M. Chang, “AIS-Assisted Service Provision and Crowdsourcing of Marine Meteorological Information,” TransNav, Int. J. Mar. Navig. Saf. Sea Transp., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 63–67, 2019, doi: 10.12716/1001.13.01.05.
[15] S. Nugraha and H. Kurniawan, “Studi Kinerja Rancang Bangun Sistem Penampil Informasi Hybrid Pada Perahu Nelayan Berbasis Google Maps,” J. Sustain. J. Has. Penelit. dan Ind. Terap., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 39–45, Oct. 2018, doi: 10.31629/sustainable.v7i2.630.
[16] H. A. Kusuma, Buku Ajar Dasar Pemograman, 1st ed. Tanjungpinang, Indonesia: UMRAH Press, 2023.
[17] H. A. Kusuma, Yuliani, T. Suhendra, D. Devendra, and D. E. D. Setyono, “Evaluating the Accuracy of BMP280 and BME280 Sensors for Sea Level in a Coastal Environment: A Field Study at Tanjung Siambang Pier,” ILMU Kelaut. Indones. J. Mar. Sci., vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 189–202, 2023, doi: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.2.189-202.
[18] Shanghai SIMCom Wireless Solutions, “SIM7000 Hardware Design V1.04,” Shanghai, 2018.
[19] T. Chai and R. R. Draxler, “Root mean square error (RMSE) or mean absolute error (MAE)? -Arguments against avoiding RMSE in the literature,” Geosci. Model Dev., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1247–1250, 2014, doi: 10.5194/gmd-7-1247-2014.
[20] R. Purbakawaca, A. S. Yuwono, I. D. M. Subrata, Supandi, and H. Alatas, “Ambient Air Monitoring System with Adaptive Performance Stability,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1–1, 2022, doi: 10.1109/access.2022.3222329.
[21] M. F. Irsyaadi, B. Rahmat, and D. Perdana, “Analisis Sistem Monitor pH Tanah Pada Tanaman Teh Berbasis GSM,” eProceedings Eng., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 8935–8942, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.34818/eoe.v7i3.14012.
[22] M. K. Hasin and Adianto, “Prototipe Automatic Identification System Secara Realtime Menggunakan Web dan Android pada Kapal Kecil untuk Kelompok Petani Nelayan,” in Seminar MASTER 2016, Surabaya: Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://journal.ppns.ac.id/index.php/SeminarMASTER/article/view/43
[23] E. Prayetno, D. Nusyirwan, S. Nugraha, A. Faturrahman, and D. P. Winata, “Vessel Monitoring System Using GSM Communications Network,” E3S Web Conf., vol. 324, pp. 3–6, 2021, doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202132405003.
[24] J. D. C. Sihasale and S. T. A. Lekatompessy, “RANCANG BANGUN WAS (Weather Automatic Station) PENDETEKSI CUACA SECARA REAL TIME DAN TERINTEGRASI GUNA MENDUKUNG KESELAMATAN PELAYARAN KAPAL RAKYAT DI MALUKU,” ALE Proceeding, vol. 1, pp. 43–49, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.30598/ale.1.2018.43-49.
[25] Y. A. Ahmad, N. S. Mustapa, A. H. Razaman, M. N. A. Abdul Hamid, N. Abdul Malik, and M. F. Jamlos, “Integration of LoRa IoT with Cloud Platform in a Stingless Beehive Remote Monitoring System,” IIUM Eng. J., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 373–397, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.31436/iiumej.v26i1.3531.
[26] N. Abdullah et al., “Towards Smart Agriculture Monitoring Using Fuzzy Systems,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 4097–4111, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3041597.
[27] M. Polo-Castañeda, J. Gomez-Rojas, and J. Linero-Cueto, “Application of AHP and GIS for Determination of Suitable Wireless Sensor Network Zones for Oceanographic Monitoring in the South Caribbean Sea Upwelling Zone,” Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., vol. 11, no. 5, p. 1696, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.18517/ijaseit.11.5.14293.
[28] S. Parjuangan, R. Ali, and A. Purnama, “Real-time monitoring and warning system in urban rivers,” TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Comput. Electron. Control., vol. 17, no. 3, p. 1521, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.12928/telkomnika.v17i3.10397.
[29] R. M. Woo-García, V. Herrera-Nevraumont, E. Osorio-de-la-Rosa, S. E. Vázquez-Valdés, and F. López-Huerta, “Location Monitoring System for Sailboats by GPS Using GSM/GPRS Technology,” IEEE Embed. Syst. Lett., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 69–72, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1109/LES.2022.3188935.
References
[1] S. Hasugian, A. A. I. Sri Wahyuni, M. Rahmawati, and A. Arleiny, “Pemetaan Karakteristik Kecelakaan Kapal di Perairan Indonesia Berdasarkan Investigasi KNKT,” War. Penelit. Perhub., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 229–240, Jul. 2018, doi: 10.25104/warlit.v29i2.521.
[2] A. D. Saputra, “Studi Kecelakaan Kapal di Indonesia dari Tahun 2003-2019 Berdasarkan Data Investigasi Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi,” War. Penelit. Perhub., vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 87–94, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.25104/warlit.v33i2.1502.
[3] M. Kendek, I. Iskandar, I. D. Satria, and A. W. Bayuntara, “STUDI KASUS ANALISIS HASIL INVESTIGASI KOMITE NASIONAL KESELAMATAN TRANSPORTASI (KNKT) TERHADAP PENYEBAB TUBRUKAN KAPAL DI PERAIRAN INDONESIA,” JPB J. Patria Bahari, vol. 2, no. 2, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.54017/jpb.v2i2.60.
[4] Ismadi, “Banyak Kecelakaan Kapal Ikan, Kelalaian Siapa?” Accessed: Jun. 06, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://nusantaramaritimenews.id/analisis/banyak-kecelakaan-kapal-ikan-kelalaian-siapa/
[5] A. A. Samekto, “ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESELAMATAN PELAYARAN KAPAL PENANGKAP IKAN DI PELABUHAN TASIKAGUNG REMBANG,” J. SAINS DAN Teknol. Marit., vol. 19, no. 2, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.33556/jstm.v19i2.208.
[6] M. Tichavska, F. Cabrera, B. Tovar, and V. Araña, “Use of the Automatic Identification System in Academic Research,” 2015, pp. 33–40. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-27340-2_5.
[7] H. Saputra, A. B. K. Atmaja, D. Istardi, and ..., “Penggunaan Data Automatic Identification System (AIS) untuk Mengetahui Pergerakan Kapal,” J. Integr., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 139–143, 2016, [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.polibatam.ac.id/index.php/JI/article/view/44
[8] R. A. Wahab, “Penggunaan Alat dan Perangkat Telekomunikasi dalam Sistem Navigasi dan Komunikasi Aktivitas Perikanan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Bitung,” Bul. Pos dan Telekomun., vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 279–290, 2014, [Online]. Available: https://web.archive.org/web/20161210230229id_/http://online.bpostel.com:80/index.php/bpostel/article/download/120404/22
[9] A. Maulidi, “Disain Sistem Navigasi Automatic Identification System (AIS) Transceiver Berbasis Mini Computer Pada Kapal Nelayan Tradisional Di Madura,” INOVTEK POLBENG, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 12, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.35314/ip.v9i1.878.
[10] Kementerian Perhubungan, Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan tentang Pemasangan dan Pengaktifan Sistem Identifikasi Otomatis bagi Kapal yang Berlayar di wilayah Perairan Indonesia. Indonesia, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/102493/permenhub-no-7-tahun-2019
[11] A. Kuncoro, M. Ma’muri, and M. Agus, “PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN PERANGKAT AIS UNTUK NELAYAN TRADISIONAL,” J. Kelaut. dan Perikan. Terap., vol. 3, no. 1, p. 17, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.15578/jkpt.v3i1.8227.
[12] S. W. Widyanto, M. Agus, S. Wisnugroho, and A. Kuncoro, “Teknik Telekomunikasi Pada Perekayasaan Teknologi Pengawasan Wilayah Konservasi Laut,” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kedua Sinergitas Multidisiplin Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi, Makassar: Yayasan Pendidikan dan Research Indonesia, 2019, pp. 259–266. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.yapri.ac.id/index.php/semnassmipt/article/view/109
[13] T. Stupak, “Influence of Automatic Identification System on Safety of Navigation at Sea,” TransNav, Int. J. Mar. Navig. Saf. Sea Transp., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 337–341, 2014, doi: 10.12716/1001.08.03.02.
[14] S. J. Chang, C. H. Huang, and S. M. Chang, “AIS-Assisted Service Provision and Crowdsourcing of Marine Meteorological Information,” TransNav, Int. J. Mar. Navig. Saf. Sea Transp., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 63–67, 2019, doi: 10.12716/1001.13.01.05.
[15] S. Nugraha and H. Kurniawan, “Studi Kinerja Rancang Bangun Sistem Penampil Informasi Hybrid Pada Perahu Nelayan Berbasis Google Maps,” J. Sustain. J. Has. Penelit. dan Ind. Terap., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 39–45, Oct. 2018, doi: 10.31629/sustainable.v7i2.630.
[16] H. A. Kusuma, Buku Ajar Dasar Pemograman, 1st ed. Tanjungpinang, Indonesia: UMRAH Press, 2023.
[17] H. A. Kusuma, Yuliani, T. Suhendra, D. Devendra, and D. E. D. Setyono, “Evaluating the Accuracy of BMP280 and BME280 Sensors for Sea Level in a Coastal Environment: A Field Study at Tanjung Siambang Pier,” ILMU Kelaut. Indones. J. Mar. Sci., vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 189–202, 2023, doi: 10.14710/ik.ijms.28.2.189-202.
[18] Shanghai SIMCom Wireless Solutions, “SIM7000 Hardware Design V1.04,” Shanghai, 2018.
[19] T. Chai and R. R. Draxler, “Root mean square error (RMSE) or mean absolute error (MAE)? -Arguments against avoiding RMSE in the literature,” Geosci. Model Dev., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1247–1250, 2014, doi: 10.5194/gmd-7-1247-2014.
[20] R. Purbakawaca, A. S. Yuwono, I. D. M. Subrata, Supandi, and H. Alatas, “Ambient Air Monitoring System with Adaptive Performance Stability,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1–1, 2022, doi: 10.1109/access.2022.3222329.
[21] M. F. Irsyaadi, B. Rahmat, and D. Perdana, “Analisis Sistem Monitor pH Tanah Pada Tanaman Teh Berbasis GSM,” eProceedings Eng., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 8935–8942, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.34818/eoe.v7i3.14012.
[22] M. K. Hasin and Adianto, “Prototipe Automatic Identification System Secara Realtime Menggunakan Web dan Android pada Kapal Kecil untuk Kelompok Petani Nelayan,” in Seminar MASTER 2016, Surabaya: Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://journal.ppns.ac.id/index.php/SeminarMASTER/article/view/43
[23] E. Prayetno, D. Nusyirwan, S. Nugraha, A. Faturrahman, and D. P. Winata, “Vessel Monitoring System Using GSM Communications Network,” E3S Web Conf., vol. 324, pp. 3–6, 2021, doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202132405003.
[24] J. D. C. Sihasale and S. T. A. Lekatompessy, “RANCANG BANGUN WAS (Weather Automatic Station) PENDETEKSI CUACA SECARA REAL TIME DAN TERINTEGRASI GUNA MENDUKUNG KESELAMATAN PELAYARAN KAPAL RAKYAT DI MALUKU,” ALE Proceeding, vol. 1, pp. 43–49, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.30598/ale.1.2018.43-49.
[25] Y. A. Ahmad, N. S. Mustapa, A. H. Razaman, M. N. A. Abdul Hamid, N. Abdul Malik, and M. F. Jamlos, “Integration of LoRa IoT with Cloud Platform in a Stingless Beehive Remote Monitoring System,” IIUM Eng. J., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 373–397, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.31436/iiumej.v26i1.3531.
[26] N. Abdullah et al., “Towards Smart Agriculture Monitoring Using Fuzzy Systems,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 4097–4111, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3041597.
[27] M. Polo-Castañeda, J. Gomez-Rojas, and J. Linero-Cueto, “Application of AHP and GIS for Determination of Suitable Wireless Sensor Network Zones for Oceanographic Monitoring in the South Caribbean Sea Upwelling Zone,” Int. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Inf. Technol., vol. 11, no. 5, p. 1696, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.18517/ijaseit.11.5.14293.
[28] S. Parjuangan, R. Ali, and A. Purnama, “Real-time monitoring and warning system in urban rivers,” TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Comput. Electron. Control., vol. 17, no. 3, p. 1521, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.12928/telkomnika.v17i3.10397.
[29] R. M. Woo-García, V. Herrera-Nevraumont, E. Osorio-de-la-Rosa, S. E. Vázquez-Valdés, and F. López-Huerta, “Location Monitoring System for Sailboats by GPS Using GSM/GPRS Technology,” IEEE Embed. Syst. Lett., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 69–72, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1109/LES.2022.3188935.
[2] A. D. Saputra, “Studi Kecelakaan Kapal di Indonesia dari Tahun 2003-2019 Berdasarkan Data Investigasi Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi,” War. Penelit. Perhub., vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 87–94, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.25104/warlit.v33i2.1502.
[3] M. Kendek, I. Iskandar, I. D. Satria, and A. W. Bayuntara, “STUDI KASUS ANALISIS HASIL INVESTIGASI KOMITE NASIONAL KESELAMATAN TRANSPORTASI (KNKT) TERHADAP PENYEBAB TUBRUKAN KAPAL DI PERAIRAN INDONESIA,” JPB J. Patria Bahari, vol. 2, no. 2, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.54017/jpb.v2i2.60.
[4] Ismadi, “Banyak Kecelakaan Kapal Ikan, Kelalaian Siapa?” Accessed: Jun. 06, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://nusantaramaritimenews.id/analisis/banyak-kecelakaan-kapal-ikan-kelalaian-siapa/
[5] A. A. Samekto, “ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESELAMATAN PELAYARAN KAPAL PENANGKAP IKAN DI PELABUHAN TASIKAGUNG REMBANG,” J. SAINS DAN Teknol. Marit., vol. 19, no. 2, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.33556/jstm.v19i2.208.
[6] M. Tichavska, F. Cabrera, B. Tovar, and V. Araña, “Use of the Automatic Identification System in Academic Research,” 2015, pp. 33–40. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-27340-2_5.
[7] H. Saputra, A. B. K. Atmaja, D. Istardi, and ..., “Penggunaan Data Automatic Identification System (AIS) untuk Mengetahui Pergerakan Kapal,” J. Integr., vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 139–143, 2016, [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.polibatam.ac.id/index.php/JI/article/view/44
[8] R. A. Wahab, “Penggunaan Alat dan Perangkat Telekomunikasi dalam Sistem Navigasi dan Komunikasi Aktivitas Perikanan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Bitung,” Bul. Pos dan Telekomun., vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 279–290, 2014, [Online]. Available: https://web.archive.org/web/20161210230229id_/http://online.bpostel.com:80/index.php/bpostel/article/download/120404/22
[9] A. Maulidi, “Disain Sistem Navigasi Automatic Identification System (AIS) Transceiver Berbasis Mini Computer Pada Kapal Nelayan Tradisional Di Madura,” INOVTEK POLBENG, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 12, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.35314/ip.v9i1.878.
[10] Kementerian Perhubungan, Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan tentang Pemasangan dan Pengaktifan Sistem Identifikasi Otomatis bagi Kapal yang Berlayar di wilayah Perairan Indonesia. Indonesia, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Home/Details/102493/permenhub-no-7-tahun-2019
[11] A. Kuncoro, M. Ma’muri, and M. Agus, “PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN PERANGKAT AIS UNTUK NELAYAN TRADISIONAL,” J. Kelaut. dan Perikan. Terap., vol. 3, no. 1, p. 17, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.15578/jkpt.v3i1.8227.
[12] S. W. Widyanto, M. Agus, S. Wisnugroho, and A. Kuncoro, “Teknik Telekomunikasi Pada Perekayasaan Teknologi Pengawasan Wilayah Konservasi Laut,” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kedua Sinergitas Multidisiplin Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi, Makassar: Yayasan Pendidikan dan Research Indonesia, 2019, pp. 259–266. [Online]. Available: https://jurnal.yapri.ac.id/index.php/semnassmipt/article/view/109
[13] T. Stupak, “Influence of Automatic Identification System on Safety of Navigation at Sea,” TransNav, Int. J. Mar. Navig. Saf. Sea Transp., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 337–341, 2014, doi: 10.12716/1001.08.03.02.
[14] S. J. Chang, C. H. Huang, and S. M. Chang, “AIS-Assisted Service Provision and Crowdsourcing of Marine Meteorological Information,” TransNav, Int. J. Mar. Navig. Saf. Sea Transp., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 63–67, 2019, doi: 10.12716/1001.13.01.05.
[15] S. Nugraha and H. Kurniawan, “Studi Kinerja Rancang Bangun Sistem Penampil Informasi Hybrid Pada Perahu Nelayan Berbasis Google Maps,” J. Sustain. J. Has. Penelit. dan Ind. Terap., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 39–45, Oct. 2018, doi: 10.31629/sustainable.v7i2.630.
[16] H. A. Kusuma, Buku Ajar Dasar Pemograman, 1st ed. Tanjungpinang, Indonesia: UMRAH Press, 2023.
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