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Abstract
Pengobatan berbasis bahan alam di Indonesia telah digunakan secara turun-temurun, namun pengembangannya masih terhambat oleh keterbatasan pemahaman ilmiah terhadap komposisi dan mekanisme kerja senyawa aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi potensi pendekatan network pharmacology dalam mengungkap hubungan kompleks antara bahan alam, target biologis, dan jalur penyakit. Kajian dilakukan melalui penelusuran literatur dan analisis data bioinformatika yang diintegrasikan ke dalam basis data farmakologi jaringan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa network pharmacology mampu mengidentifikasi senyawa aktif utama serta target protein yang relevan, sekaligus memetakan interaksi biologis yang mendasari efek terapeutik bahan alam Indonesia. Pendekatan ini juga memperlihatkan potensi sinergi antar senyawa yang berkontribusi terhadap aktivitas farmakodinamik kompleks. Kesimpulannya, network pharmacology memberikan kerangka ilmiah yang kuat untuk memahami dan memvalidasi mekanisme kerja pengobatan berbasis bahan alam, serta menjadi landasan strategis dalam upaya modernisasi dan standarisasi obat tradisional Indonesia menuju pengobatan berbasis bukti.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Muthia Nurhidayah Muthi
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References
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P. Zhang et al., “Network pharmacology: Towards the artificial intelligence-based precision traditional Chinese medicine,” Brief. Bioinform., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2024, doi: 10.1093/bib/bbad518.
Z. Wang, H. Yang, and Y. Huang, “Integrating Network Pharmacology and Traditional Chinese Medicine for Effective Inflammation Treatment,” Asian J. Med. Heal., vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 214–220, 2024, doi: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i71062.
L. A. Setiani, F. C. Saputri, A. Yanuar, and A. Mun’im, “Network Pharmacology and Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Indonesian Medicine in Hypertension Treatment,” Indones. J. Pharm., vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 712–722, 2024, doi: 10.22146/ijp.9415.
T. M. Fakih et al., “LC-MS/MS-guided profiling and network pharmacology analysis of bioactive compounds from Costus speciosus targeting type 2 diabetes: Insights from molecular docking and dynamics,” Intell. Pharm., no. June, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.ipha.2025.07.002.
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R. Fatriani et al., “Unveiling the anti-obesity potential of Kemuning (Murraya paniculata): A network pharmacology approach,” PLoS One, vol. 19, no. 8 August, pp. 1–29, 2024, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305544.
Fatimawali, T. E. Tallei, B. J. Kepel, W. Bodhi, A. E. Manampiring, and F. Nainu, “Molecular Insight into the Pharmacological Potential of Clerodendrum minahassae Leaf Extract for Type-2 Diabetes Management Using the Network Pharmacology Approach,” Med., vol. 59, no. 11, 2023, doi: 10.3390/medicina59111899.
R. Mutiah et al., “The Potential Compounds in Lansium parasiticum Leaf Extract for Breast Cancer Therapy: Metabolite Profiling, Pharmacological Network Analysis and In Silico Validation,” Asian Pacific J. Cancer Prev., vol. 25, no. 11, pp. 3831–3840, 2024, doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.11.3831.
R. Mutiah et al., “Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Oxo berberine Compound in Arcangelisia flava Root Extract for Breast Cancer Treatment: Metabolite Profiling, Pharmacological Network Analysis, and In Silico and In Vitro Evaluation,” Asian Pacific J. Cancer Prev., vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 1313–1328, 2025, doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.4.1313.
G. W. Permatasari, M. F. Atho’illah, and W. E. Putra, “Target protein prediction of Indonesian jamu kunyit asam (Curcumin-tamarind) for dysmenorrhea pain reliever: A network analysis approach,” J. Kedokt. dan Kesehat. Indones., 2021, doi: 10.20885/jkki.vol12.iss3.art7.
S. Hadi et al., “Network Pharmacology and Docking of Nephrolepis cordifolia as Type-2 Antidiabetic Agent,” Trop. J. Nat. Prod. Res., vol. 8, no. 9, pp. 8345–8354, 2024, doi: 10.26538/tjnpr/v8i9.16.
D. H. M. Fath, M. A. Muchlisin, and A. S. Jamil, “Analisis Network Pharmacology Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder Tanaman Lengkuas (Alpinia galanga) pada Penyakit Kanker,” J. Islam. Pharm., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 43–49, 2024, doi: 10.18860/jip.v9i1.27094.
Z. Zhou et al., “Medicine Research,” vol. 2020, 2020.
S. I. Reprint and A. G. Panossian, Network Pharmacology of Natural Products. 2025. doi: 10.3390/books978-3-7258-4203-2.