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Abstract
Palangka Raya has the potential for swamp lowland to be used for rice farming. For this purpose, knowledge of arthropod biodiversity is required. The study aims to determine the biodiversity and abundance of arthropods and arthropods dominant in semi-organic rice plantations in swamp lowlands. The study was conducted from September to November 2019 in Palangka Raya City. The study was carried out on 1.148m2 farmer's paddy fields. The land is divided into three trial plots, each measuring 28x13 m2. Observations were made at the age of 8-15 WAP. Samples were taken using a net trap (Sweep net). Arthropod biodiversity was analyzed using the Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H'). The results showed that in the semi-organic rice ecosystem were obtained 10 orders, 58 families with a total of 8973 individuals, consisting of pests 92.61%, predators 6.59%, parasitoids 0.28%, pollinators 0.06%, Detrivore 0.35%, and 0.07% neutral insects. Diversity index (H') is low to moderate (0.10-2.19), dominance index (C) is in the low to high (0.18-0.97); Evenness index shows that the community is depressed until unstable (0.04-0.67); and The abundance index on the criteria of less to very much (8.96-25.03). The dominant arthropods are dominated by the Rice bug (Leptocorisa acuta).
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Copyright (c) 2021 Melhanah Manaf, Rahmawati Budi Mulyani, Mario Satrio
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References
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- Syam & Wurjandri. 2011. Masalah Lapang Hama, Penyakit,dan Hara pada Padi. Puslitbantan, Bogor.
- Widiarta, I N., T. Surjana, dan D. Kusdiaman. 2000. Famili Anggota Komunitas pada Berbagai Habitat Lahan Sawah Bera dan Usaha Konservasi Musuh Alami pada Padi Tanam Serentak. hlm.185-192. Prosiding Simposium Keanekaragaman Hayati Arthropoda pada Sistem Produksi Pertanian, Cipayung, 16-18 Oktober. 2001. Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia dan Keanekaragaman Hayati Indonesia.
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References
Borror D.J, De Long D.M and Triplehorn C.A. 1991. An Introduction to The Study of Insects. Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia.
Dangles, O., and B. Malmqvist. 2004. Species richness?decomposition relationships depend on species dominance. Ecology Letters 7:395–402. Wiley Online Library Web of Science®Google Scholar
Effendi, S.N., E. Liestiany dan Fitriyanti D. 2019. Keanekaragaman Serangga yang Berasosiasi pada Tanaman Cabai Merah Besar (Capsicum annum L.) di Kelurahan Loktabat Utara Banjarbaru. Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Tropika, 2 (01):1– 3. ISSN 1134-6357.
Fitriani. 2018. Identifikasi Predator Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L) Pada Lahan yang Diaplikasikan Dengan Hamaisida Sintetik. Jurnal Agrovital, 3(02):67-68. ISSN: p-ISSN 2541-7452 e-ISSN:2541-7460.
Hillebrand, H., D. M. Bennett, and M. W. Cadotte. 2008. Consequences of dominance: a review of evenness effects on local and regional ecosystem processes. Ecology 89: 1510– 1520.
Kalshoven. L.G.E. 1991. The Pest of Crops In Indonesia. Revised and translated by P.A. Van Der Laan. P.T. Ichtiar Baru Van Hoeve. Jakarta.
Kirwan, L., et al. 2007. Evenness drives consistent diversity effects in intensive grassland systems across 28 European sites. Journal of Ecology 95: 530– 539.Wiley Online Library Web of Science®Google Scholar
Laba I .W. 2001. Keanekaragaman Hayati Artropoda dan Peranan Musuh Alami Hama Utama Padi pada Ekosistem Sawah. Post graduate program. Institut Pertanian Bogor. http://rudyct.com/PPS702 -ipb/03112/iwlaba. htm. accessible 02 June 2010.
Lilies, C. S., Sulthoni, A.I., Siwi S.S and Subyanto D. 1991. Kunci Determinasi Serangga. Program Nasional Pelatihan dan Pengembangan Pengendalian Hama Terpadu. Kanisius, Yogyakarta.
Melhanah., D. Saraswati dan L. Supriati. 2015a. Diversitas dan Kemelimpahan Arthropoda Pada Agroekosistem Jagung Manis, Kacang panjang dan Sawi di lahan Gambut. Makalah dalam Seminar Nasional Bidang Ilmu Pertanian BKS-PTN Wilayah Barat. Palangka Raya, 20-21 Agustus 2015.
Melhanah., D. Saraswati dan L. Supriati. 2015b. Komunitas Arthropoda Pada Agroekosistem Jagung Manis dan Kacang panjang dengan dan Tanpa perlakuan Insektisida di lahan Gambut. J. Agripeat 16(1):36-44. Fakultas Pertanian. UNPAR. Palangka Raya.
Reissig W.H, E.A. Heinrichs, J.A. Litsinger, K. Moody, L. Fiedler, T. W. Mew and A.T Barrion (1986) Illustrated Guide to Integrated Pest Management in Rice in Tropical Asia. International Rice Research Institute Los Banos Lguna Philippines. Manila.
Syam & Wurjandri. 2011. Masalah Lapang Hama, Penyakit,dan Hara pada Padi. Puslitbantan, Bogor.
Widiarta, I N., T. Surjana, dan D. Kusdiaman. 2000. Famili Anggota Komunitas pada Berbagai Habitat Lahan Sawah Bera dan Usaha Konservasi Musuh Alami pada Padi Tanam Serentak. hlm.185-192. Prosiding Simposium Keanekaragaman Hayati Arthropoda pada Sistem Produksi Pertanian, Cipayung, 16-18 Oktober. 2001. Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia dan Keanekaragaman Hayati Indonesia.
Witriyanto, R., M. Hadi, dan R. Rahadian. 2015. Keanekaragaman Makroarthropoda Tanah di Lahan Persawahan Padi Organik dan Anorganik, Desa Bakalrejo Kecamatan Susukan Kabupaten Semarang. Jurnal Bioma, 17 (1):21-26. ISSN: 1410-8801.
Zar, J.H. 1984. Biostastical Analysis: Second Edition. Prentice Hall Inc. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.