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Abstract
Rimau Gerga Lebong (RGL) variety is one of the main orange fruit commodities in Lebong Regency of Bengkulu Province, which has a competitive advantage and has good market potential. However, high number of seed characteristic makes this orange fruit becomes less popular. Triploid genotype formation through endosperm culture in vitro is an alternative solution to develop seedless orange fruit. The objective of this study was to determine the best composition medium for callus induction of endosperm of RGL orange seeds as the foremost step of in vitro triploid plant development. The research was conducted from August 2017 until December 2018 at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, with eight treatment combinations i.e. G1 (MT + 5 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D), G2 (MT + 5 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D + 500 ppm CH), G3 (MT + 5 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D + 500 ppm + 0.5 ppm Kinetin), G4 (MT + 5 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D + 500 ppm CH + 0.5 ppm to 500 ppm Kinetin + ME) , G5 (MS + 5 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D), G6 (MS + 5 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D + 500 ppm CH), G7 (MS + 5 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4- D + 500 ppm CH + 0.5 ppm Kinetin), G8 (MS + 5 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D + 500 ppm CH + 0.5 ppm to 500 ppm Kinetin + ME), with three replications. The experimental unit was five culture bottles containing three explants per bottle. Observations were conducted on days to callus formation, rate of callus formation, callus weight, callus diameter, callus color and texture. The results showed that media of MS + 5 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D + 500 ppm CH was the best media for callus induction, and MT + 5 ppm BAP + 2 ppm 2,4-D + 500 ppm CH was the best media for callus development.
Keyword: RGL citrus, calli, endosperm, kinetin, BAP
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Copyright (c) 2019 Rossi Anandayu Sari, Reny Herawati, Catur Herison
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References
- Ali, S. and B. Mirza. 2006. Micropropagation of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.): effect of explant type and hormone concentration. Acta Bot. Croat. 65(2):137-146.
- BPS, 2017. Tanaman Buah-Buahan Jeruk Keprok (Ton) Tahun 2012-2016. http://www.bps.go.id/site/resultTab. Diakses 5 Januari 2018.
- Deo, P.C., A.P. Tyagi, M. Taylor, R. Harding, D. Becker. 2010. Factors affecting somatic embryogenesis and transformation in modern plant breeding. The South Pacific J. Nat. Appl. Sci. (28): 27-40.
- Fatmawati, A. 2008. Kajian konsentrasi BAP dan 2,4-D terhadap induksi kalus tanaman Artemisia annua L. Secara in vitro. Skripsi Fakultas Pertanian UNS . Surakarta.
- Fitriani, H. 2008. Kajian Konsentrasi BAP dan NAA terhadap Multiplikasi Tanaman Artemisia annua L. secara In Vitro. Skripsi Fakultas Pertanian UNS. Surakarta.
- Graitter, F. G., X. B. Jr Ling, and X. B.Deng. 1990. Induction of triploid citrus plants from endosperm calli in vitro. Theor. Appl. Genes. 8:735-740.
- Husni, A., A. Purwito, I. Mariska, Sudarsono. 2010. Regenerasi tanaman jeruk siam melalui embryogenesis somatic. J. Agrobiogen (6): 79-83.
- Ibrahim, 2010. Pengaruh umur eksplan terhadap keberhasilan pembentukan kalus embriogenik pada kultur meristem jahe (Zingiber officinale Rosc) : 37-42.
- Karsinah, S.P., Sudjidjo, Sukarmin. 2002. Perbaikan Tekstur Buah Jeruk Siam melalui Hibridisasi. Seminar Hasil Penelitian tahun 2002. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah, Solok.
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- Manuhara, Y.S.W. 2001. Regenerasi tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.var Morakot) Melalui Teknik Kultur Jaringan. MIPA Universitas Airlangga :127-130
- Nair, A.J., 2008. Introduction to Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering. Infinity Science Press LLC. Hingham. Massachusetts. p.685.
- Rahayu, B. Solichatun A. 2003. Pengaruh asam 2,4-D terhadap pembentukan dan pertumbuhan kalus serta kandungan flavonoid kultur kalus Acalypha indica L. Biofarmasi 1(1): 1-6.
- Rahmi I, Suliansyah I, Bustamam T. 2010. Pengaruh pemberian beberapa konsentrasi BAP dan NAA terhadap multipikasi tunas pucuk Jeruk Kanci (Citrus sp.) secara in vitro. Jerami. 3(3): 210-219.
- Rambe, S.S., M.R., A. Supriyanto, Afrizon, I. Calista, L. Ifanti, K. Dinata, B. Honorita dan Robiyanto. 2012. Laporan Akhir Pengkajian Teknologi Pembungaan dan Pembuahan Jeruk Gerga di lebong. Balai Pengkajian teknologi Pertanian Bengkulu. Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian. Badan Litbang Pertanian. Kementerian Pertanian.
- Sriyanti DP. 2000. Pelestarian tanaman nilam (Pogostemon Heyneanus Benth.) melalui kultur mikrostek. Biosmart 2 (2): 19-22.
- Sunyoto, Purnomo S, Makful. 2010. Formula media kultur endosperm jeruk hasil persilangan antarklon siem dengan keprok dan jeruk besar. J. Hort 20(4): 332-341.
- Widiarso, M. 2010. Kajian Penggunaan BAP dan IBA untuk Merangsang Pembentukan Tunas Lengkeng (Dimocarpus longan Lour) Varietas Pingpong secara In Vitro. Skripsi Fakultas Pertanian UNS. Surakarta.
- Wijayani, A. 2002. Pertumbuhan kentang pada berbagai intensitas cahaya dan konsentrasi benzyl amino purin. Agrivet. 5(2):98-104.
- Yusnita. 2003. Kultur Jaringan Cara Memperbanyak Tanaman Secara Efisien. Agromedia Pustaka. Jakarta.
References
Ali, S. and B. Mirza. 2006. Micropropagation of rough lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.): effect of explant type and hormone concentration. Acta Bot. Croat. 65(2):137-146.
BPS, 2017. Tanaman Buah-Buahan Jeruk Keprok (Ton) Tahun 2012-2016. http://www.bps.go.id/site/resultTab. Diakses 5 Januari 2018.
Deo, P.C., A.P. Tyagi, M. Taylor, R. Harding, D. Becker. 2010. Factors affecting somatic embryogenesis and transformation in modern plant breeding. The South Pacific J. Nat. Appl. Sci. (28): 27-40.
Fatmawati, A. 2008. Kajian konsentrasi BAP dan 2,4-D terhadap induksi kalus tanaman Artemisia annua L. Secara in vitro. Skripsi Fakultas Pertanian UNS . Surakarta.
Fitriani, H. 2008. Kajian Konsentrasi BAP dan NAA terhadap Multiplikasi Tanaman Artemisia annua L. secara In Vitro. Skripsi Fakultas Pertanian UNS. Surakarta.
Graitter, F. G., X. B. Jr Ling, and X. B.Deng. 1990. Induction of triploid citrus plants from endosperm calli in vitro. Theor. Appl. Genes. 8:735-740.
Husni, A., A. Purwito, I. Mariska, Sudarsono. 2010. Regenerasi tanaman jeruk siam melalui embryogenesis somatic. J. Agrobiogen (6): 79-83.
Ibrahim, 2010. Pengaruh umur eksplan terhadap keberhasilan pembentukan kalus embriogenik pada kultur meristem jahe (Zingiber officinale Rosc) : 37-42.
Karsinah, S.P., Sudjidjo, Sukarmin. 2002. Perbaikan Tekstur Buah Jeruk Siam melalui Hibridisasi. Seminar Hasil Penelitian tahun 2002. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah, Solok.
Kosmiatin, M. Purwito A. Wattimena G.A., dan Mariska I. 2014. Induksi embrigenesis somatik dari jaringan endosperma jeruk siam (Citrus nobilis Lour.) cv Simadu. J. Agron. Indonesia 42(1): 44-51.
Mahadi I. Syafi’i W, Sari Y. 2016. Induksi kalus jeruk kasturi (Citrus microcarpa) menggunakan hormon 2,4-D dan BAP dengan metode in vitro. JIPI. 21 (2): 84-89.
Manuhara, Y.S.W. 2001. Regenerasi tanaman sawi (Brassica juncea L.var Morakot) Melalui Teknik Kultur Jaringan. MIPA Universitas Airlangga :127-130
Nair, A.J., 2008. Introduction to Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering. Infinity Science Press LLC. Hingham. Massachusetts. p.685.
Rahayu, B. Solichatun A. 2003. Pengaruh asam 2,4-D terhadap pembentukan dan pertumbuhan kalus serta kandungan flavonoid kultur kalus Acalypha indica L. Biofarmasi 1(1): 1-6.
Rahmi I, Suliansyah I, Bustamam T. 2010. Pengaruh pemberian beberapa konsentrasi BAP dan NAA terhadap multipikasi tunas pucuk Jeruk Kanci (Citrus sp.) secara in vitro. Jerami. 3(3): 210-219.
Rambe, S.S., M.R., A. Supriyanto, Afrizon, I. Calista, L. Ifanti, K. Dinata, B. Honorita dan Robiyanto. 2012. Laporan Akhir Pengkajian Teknologi Pembungaan dan Pembuahan Jeruk Gerga di lebong. Balai Pengkajian teknologi Pertanian Bengkulu. Balai Besar Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian. Badan Litbang Pertanian. Kementerian Pertanian.
Sriyanti DP. 2000. Pelestarian tanaman nilam (Pogostemon Heyneanus Benth.) melalui kultur mikrostek. Biosmart 2 (2): 19-22.
Sunyoto, Purnomo S, Makful. 2010. Formula media kultur endosperm jeruk hasil persilangan antarklon siem dengan keprok dan jeruk besar. J. Hort 20(4): 332-341.
Widiarso, M. 2010. Kajian Penggunaan BAP dan IBA untuk Merangsang Pembentukan Tunas Lengkeng (Dimocarpus longan Lour) Varietas Pingpong secara In Vitro. Skripsi Fakultas Pertanian UNS. Surakarta.
Wijayani, A. 2002. Pertumbuhan kentang pada berbagai intensitas cahaya dan konsentrasi benzyl amino purin. Agrivet. 5(2):98-104.
Yusnita. 2003. Kultur Jaringan Cara Memperbanyak Tanaman Secara Efisien. Agromedia Pustaka. Jakarta.