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Abstract
[MAKING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CELLULOSE METHOD OF BONGGOL AND LEATHER LEATHER (Ananas comosus)] Wastes of core and peel of pineapple are often not utilized properly, in fact the waste has nutritional content that can be useful. Carbohydrate content in the waste is large enough and allows to be utilized. The purpose of this research is for converting glucose into cellulose and synthesized into methylcellulose. The first stage is glucose from core and peel of pineapple converted into microbial cellulose with Acetobacter xylinum bacteria with the addition of nitrogen and carbon sources. The second stage is synthesis of methylcellulose with methylene chloride and the solvent aquadest/acetone. The dried microbial cellulose was firstly swelled with NaOH addition, then methylation by addition of solvent and methylene chloride and then refluxed at 50-60. Then methyl cellulose neutralized, washed and dried at 50.The FTIR results showed typical cellulose uptake for cellulose microbial pineapple core at wave number 3377.36 cm-1 for OH bonds and 2935.66 cm-1 for CH bonds and in cellulose microbialpineapple peel at wave number 3377.36 cm-1 for OH bonds and 2935.66 cm-1 for the CH bonds. The ratio OH/CH of methyl cellulose-acetone has a smaller value in the core and peel of pineapple concluded that acetone is more efficient to use as a solvent at the methylation. The substitution value of the core and peel of pineapple skin is estimated to below based on the solubility test results.
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References
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- Bhatia, L., & Johri, S.. FTIR Analysis and Optimization of Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Parame ters for Sustainable Production of Ethanol from Peels of Ananas cosmosus by Mucor indicus MTCC 4349. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2016:7(3),427-438.
References
Sene, C. F., McCann, M.C., Wilson, R.H. Grinter, R. . Fourier-transform Raman and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (an investigation of five higher plant cell walls and their components). Plant Physiology, 1994: 106(4): 1623-1631.
Lynd, L. R., Weimer, P. J., Van Zyl, W. H., & Pretorius, I. S. Microbial cellulose utilization: fundamentals and biotech-nology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology reviews, 2002:66(3):506-577.
J.B Harborne, Metode Fitokimia. Bandung: ITB, 1987. ISBN 979-8001-14-1.
Sievens-Figueroa, Lucas, Anagha Bhakay, Jackeline I. Jerez-Rozo, Natasha Pandya, Rodolfo J. Romañach, Bozena Michniak-Kohn, Zafar Iqbal, Ecevit Bilgili, and Rajesh N. Davé. Preparation and characterization of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose films containing stable BCS Class II drug nanoparticles for pharmaceutical pplications. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 2012:423 (2):496-508.
Floury, J., Anne Desrumaux, Monique AV Axelos, Jack Legrand., Effect of high pressure homogenisation on methylcellulose as food emulsifier. Journal of Food Engineering, 2003:58(3):227-238.
Tanja Wustenberg, Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives in Food Industry. Germany: Markono Print Media, 2015. ISBN 978-3-527-33758-3.
Omang Komarudin, Solusi Smart Kimia. Jakarta: Cmedia, 2014. ISBN 6021609395
Viera, R. G., Rodrigues Filho, G., de Assuncao, R. M., Meireles, C. D. S., Vieira, J. G., and de Oliveira, G. S., Synthesis and Charaterization of Methylcellulose from Sugar Cane Bagasse Cellulose Carbohydrate Polymers, 2007: 67(2):182-189.
Indah Apriyanty, Seluk Beluk Nanas dan penanamannya. Bandung: Jasa Grafika, 2009. ISBN: 978-979-003-028-2.
Anna Poedjiadi and F.M Titin Supriyanti, Dasar-dasar Biokimia. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia (UI-Press), 2005.ISBN 979-456-119-3.
Philips G.O and Wiliams P.A, Handbook of Hydrocolloids. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2000.ISBN 978-184-569-587-3
Susheel Kaila, B.S Kaith, and Inderjeet Kaur, Cellulose Fiber: Bio- and Nano- Polymer Composite. New York: Springer, 2011. ISBN 978-3642-17370-7.
Ibrahim, N. A., Azraaie, N., Abidin, N. A. M. Z., Razali, M., Amira, N., Aziz, F. A., & Zakaria, S., XRD and FTIR studies of natural cellulose isolated from pineapple (Ananas comosus) leaf fibres. In Advanced Materials Research, 2015: 1087: 197-201.
Bhatia, L., & Johri, S.. FTIR Analysis and Optimization of Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Parame ters for Sustainable Production of Ethanol from Peels of Ananas cosmosus by Mucor indicus MTCC 4349. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 2016:7(3),427-438.