Main Article Content
Abstract
This article aims to analyze how fading the Chinese diaspora culture from Lasem Chinatown over several generations. Previous studies show that Chinese descent's identity and orientation disappeared due to assimilation with the local community during the new order. In fact, there was a tendency for them not to show their Chinese identity from the beginning. This did not pay enough attention to the local context, social situation, and the cultural heritage of Chinese descent between generations. This case study is conducted by interviews, observation, and document study. The data is analyzed using the NVivo Program. Bauböck & Faist’s new concept of diaspora is used to review the phenomenon of the spread of Chinese descent from Lasem Chinatown. This research shows that the Indonesian Chinese people in Lasem tend to refer to themselves as 'Indonesian Chinese Peranakan and are increasingly detached from their identity relationship with their referent origin, China. Their Chinese identity is starting to fade since Chinese cultural heritage through religious rituals has been largely abandoned. Young Chinese children scattered out of Lasem Chinatown and lost their Chinese identity. The novelty in this research is that the assimilation and integration of Peranakan Chinese into local society are precisely related to the acceptance of the Lasem community, instead of Chinese culture's fading.
Keywords: Chinese, Descent, Diaspora, Discontinuity, Dispersed
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References
- Babbie, Earl. 2014. The Basics of Social Research. 6th ed. Canada: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
- Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Rembang. 2015. Kecamatan Lasem dalam Angka 2015. Rembang.
- Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Rembang. 2016. Kecamatan Lasem dalam Angka 2016. Rembang.
- Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Rembang. 2017. Kecamatan Lasem dalam Angka 2017. Rembang.
- Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Rembang. 2018. Kecamatan Lasem dalam Angka 2018. Rembang.
- Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Rembang. 2019. Kecamatan Lasem dalam Angka 2019. Rembang.
- Bauböck, Rainer dan Thomas Faist. 2010. “Diaspora and Transnationalism: Concepts, Theories and Methods.” Amsterdam University Press.
- Bhabha, Homi K. 2004. The Location of Culture. New York: Routledge.
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- Chee-Beng, Tan. 2013. Routledge handbook of the Chinese diaspora. New York.
- Cohen, Robin. 2008. Global diasporas: An introduction. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge.
- Faist, Thomas. 2008. “Migrants as Transnational Development Agents: An Inquiry into the Newest Round of the Migration-Development Nexus.” Population, Space, and Place 14:21–42.
- Gayatri, Irine Hiraswati, Asvi Warman Adam, Atika Nur Kusumaningtyas, Esty Ekawati, Lidya Christin Sinaga, dan Syafuan Rozi. 2019. Tionghoa dan Ke-Indonesia-an: Komunitas Tionghoa di Semarang dan Medan. diedit oleh I. H. Gayatri. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
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- Lakomaki, Sami. 2014. Gathering Together: The Shawnee People through Diaspora and Nationhood, 1600-1870. London: Yale University Press.
- Lestari, Siska Nurazizah dan Nara Setya Wiratama. 2019. “The Dark Side of the Lasem Maritime Industry: Chinese Power in Opium Business in the XIX Century.” Journal of Maritime Studies and Maritim Integration 2(2):91–100.
- Liji, Liang. 2012. Dari relasi upeti ke mitra strategis: 2000 tahun perjalanan hubungan Tiongkok-Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.
- Mahmudi, Mukh. Imron Ali. 2020. “Kontestasi Identitas Masyarakat Etnis Tionghoa di Lasem.” Sosietas: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi 10(2):894–902.
- Nahak, Hildigardis M. I. 2019. “Upaya Melestarikan Budaya Indonesia di Era Globalisasi.” Jurnal Sosiologi Nusantara 5(1):65–76.
- Reid, Anthony. 2016. The Chinese Diaspora in The Pacific. diedit oleh A. Reid. New York: Routledge.
- Safran, William. 1991. “Diasporas in Modern Societies: Myths of Homeland and Return.” Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 1(1):83–99.
- Setijadi, Charlotte. 2016. “Ethnic Chinese in contemporary Indonesia: Changing identity politics and the paradox of sinification.” ISEAS Perspective (12):1–11.
- Suliyati, Titiek. 2009. “Melacak Warisan Budaya Cina di Lasem.” in Menyusur Sungai Meretas Sejarah Cina di Lasem. Rembang: MSI Komisariat Rembang.
- Suryadinata, Leo. 2010. Etnis Tionghoa dan nasionalisme Indonesia: sebuah bunga rampai, 1965-2008. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.
- Tan, Mely G. 1997. “The Ethnic Chinese in Indonesia: Issues of Identity.” Hal. 33–71 in Ethnic Chinese As Southeast Asians. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Tarling, Nicholas. 1999. “Political Structures in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries.” in The Cambridge of Southeast Asia Vol. Three, From 1800 to the 1930. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Unjiya, M. Akrom. 2014. Lasem Negeri Dampoawang: Sejarah yang Terlupakan. Yogyakarta: Salma Idea.
- Weng, Hew Wai. 2014. “Beyond ‘Chinese Diaspora’ and ‘Islamic Ummah’: Various Transnational Connections and Local Negotiations of Chinese Muslim Identities in Indonesia.” Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia 29(3):627–56.
- Wibowo, I. dan Thung Ju Lan. 2010. Setelah air mata kering: masyarakat Tionghoa pasca-peristiwa Mei 1998. diedit oleh I. Wibowo dan T. J. Lan. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.
References
Babbie, Earl. 2014. The Basics of Social Research. 6th ed. Canada: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Rembang. 2015. Kecamatan Lasem dalam Angka 2015. Rembang.
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Rembang. 2016. Kecamatan Lasem dalam Angka 2016. Rembang.
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Rembang. 2017. Kecamatan Lasem dalam Angka 2017. Rembang.
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Rembang. 2018. Kecamatan Lasem dalam Angka 2018. Rembang.
Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Rembang. 2019. Kecamatan Lasem dalam Angka 2019. Rembang.
Bauböck, Rainer dan Thomas Faist. 2010. “Diaspora and Transnationalism: Concepts, Theories and Methods.” Amsterdam University Press.
Bhabha, Homi K. 2004. The Location of Culture. New York: Routledge.
Brahma, Susmita. 2018. “The Position of Ethnic Chinese in Indonesia.” IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature 6(8):269–76.
Chee-Beng, Tan. 2013. Routledge handbook of the Chinese diaspora. New York.
Cohen, Robin. 2008. Global diasporas: An introduction. 2nd ed. New York: Routledge.
Faist, Thomas. 2008. “Migrants as Transnational Development Agents: An Inquiry into the Newest Round of the Migration-Development Nexus.” Population, Space, and Place 14:21–42.
Gayatri, Irine Hiraswati, Asvi Warman Adam, Atika Nur Kusumaningtyas, Esty Ekawati, Lidya Christin Sinaga, dan Syafuan Rozi. 2019. Tionghoa dan Ke-Indonesia-an: Komunitas Tionghoa di Semarang dan Medan. diedit oleh I. H. Gayatri. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
Greif, Stuart W. 1994. “WNI”: Problematik Orang Indonesia Asal Cina. diedit oleh R. S. W. Jakarta: PT Temprint.
Lakomaki, Sami. 2014. Gathering Together: The Shawnee People through Diaspora and Nationhood, 1600-1870. London: Yale University Press.
Lestari, Siska Nurazizah dan Nara Setya Wiratama. 2019. “The Dark Side of the Lasem Maritime Industry: Chinese Power in Opium Business in the XIX Century.” Journal of Maritime Studies and Maritim Integration 2(2):91–100.
Liji, Liang. 2012. Dari relasi upeti ke mitra strategis: 2000 tahun perjalanan hubungan Tiongkok-Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.
Mahmudi, Mukh. Imron Ali. 2020. “Kontestasi Identitas Masyarakat Etnis Tionghoa di Lasem.” Sosietas: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi 10(2):894–902.
Nahak, Hildigardis M. I. 2019. “Upaya Melestarikan Budaya Indonesia di Era Globalisasi.” Jurnal Sosiologi Nusantara 5(1):65–76.
Reid, Anthony. 2016. The Chinese Diaspora in The Pacific. diedit oleh A. Reid. New York: Routledge.
Safran, William. 1991. “Diasporas in Modern Societies: Myths of Homeland and Return.” Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 1(1):83–99.
Setijadi, Charlotte. 2016. “Ethnic Chinese in contemporary Indonesia: Changing identity politics and the paradox of sinification.” ISEAS Perspective (12):1–11.
Suliyati, Titiek. 2009. “Melacak Warisan Budaya Cina di Lasem.” in Menyusur Sungai Meretas Sejarah Cina di Lasem. Rembang: MSI Komisariat Rembang.
Suryadinata, Leo. 2010. Etnis Tionghoa dan nasionalisme Indonesia: sebuah bunga rampai, 1965-2008. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.
Tan, Mely G. 1997. “The Ethnic Chinese in Indonesia: Issues of Identity.” Hal. 33–71 in Ethnic Chinese As Southeast Asians. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Tarling, Nicholas. 1999. “Political Structures in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries.” in The Cambridge of Southeast Asia Vol. Three, From 1800 to the 1930. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Unjiya, M. Akrom. 2014. Lasem Negeri Dampoawang: Sejarah yang Terlupakan. Yogyakarta: Salma Idea.
Weng, Hew Wai. 2014. “Beyond ‘Chinese Diaspora’ and ‘Islamic Ummah’: Various Transnational Connections and Local Negotiations of Chinese Muslim Identities in Indonesia.” Journal of Social Issues in Southeast Asia 29(3):627–56.
Wibowo, I. dan Thung Ju Lan. 2010. Setelah air mata kering: masyarakat Tionghoa pasca-peristiwa Mei 1998. diedit oleh I. Wibowo dan T. J. Lan. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.