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Abstrak
The use of bioproducts as biostimulants to stimulate plant growth and to increase yields as an alternative to chemical fertilizers are currently being promoted for cost-effective, sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural practices of crop production systems. The objective of the study was to determine plant growth and productivity of rice responded to Bio Green application. A short growing period (90 – 95 days) OM-5451 rice variety was used in this study. The rice plants were cultivated in the randomized-completed block with two treatments and six replications in the plot of 2 m * 2 m. Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizer was applied once at a rate of 100 kg/ha. For treatment, Bio-green with a solution of 1% (v/v) was weekly applied as foliage spray; and without Bio-Green as control. The results showed the grain yield was 3.7 t/ha in the treatment and 2.83 t/ha in the control, indicating that 36.4% of the grain yield was increased. The Bio-Green could be significantly used as plant biostimulants to promote plant growth and grain yield in rice in Cambodia.
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Referensi
- CARDI. (2012). Annual Report 2011. Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI), Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
- Causin, H. F. (1996). The central role of amino acids on nitrogen utilization and plant growth. Journal of Plant Physiology, 149(3-4), 358-362.
- Jin, C., Sun, Y., Shi, Y., Zhang, Y., Chen, K., Li, Y., Liu, G., Yao, F., Cheng, D., Li, J., Zhou, J. Qu, L., Liu, X. & Luo J. (2019). Branched-chain amino acids regulate plant growth by affecting the homeostasis of mineral elements in rice. Science China Life Sciences, 62, 1107–1110.
- Kato, Y., Tajima, R., Toriumi, A., Homma, K., Moritsuka, N., Shiraiwa, T., ... & Jongdee, B. (2016). Grain yield and phosphorus uptake of rainfed lowland rice under unsubmerged soil stress. Field Crops Research, 190, 54-59.
- Kong, K., Hin, S., Seng, V., Ismail, A. M., Vergara, G., Choi, I. L., Ehara, H., & Kato, Y. (2020). Potential yield and nutrient requirements of direct-seeded, dry-season rice in Cambodia. Experimental Agriculture, 56 (2), 255-264.
- Madende, M., & Hayes, M. (2020). Fish by-product use as biostimulants: An overview of the current state of the art, including relevant legislation and regulations within the EU and USA. Molecules, 25 (5), 1122.
- Muller, B. & Touraine, B. (1992). Inhibition of NO3 – uptake by various phkloem translocated amino acids in soybean seedlings. Journal of Experimental Botany, 43 (5), 617–623.
- Meyyappan, M. Balaji, E. & Angayarkanni, A. (2021). Effect of fish meal extract spray on the yield of Co-47 rice variety. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, (IJNPR)[Formerly Natural Product Radiance (NPR)], 12(1), 116–121.
- Padgett, P.E. & Leonard R.T. (1996) Free amino acid levels and the regulation of nitrate uptake in maize cell suspension cultures. Journal of Experimental Botany, 47 (7), 871–883.
- Pylak, M., Oszust, K., & Fr?c, M. (2019). Review report on the role of bioproducts, bio preparations, biostimulants and microbial inoculants in organic production of fruit. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 18(3), 597-616.
- Team, R. C. (2020). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.Rproject.org.
- Rouphael, Y., & Colla, G. (2018). Synergistic biostimulatory action: Designing the next generation of plant biostimulants for sustainable agriculture. Frontiers in plant science, 9, 1655.
- Rouphael, Y., Spíchal, L., Panzarová, K., Casa, R., & Colla, G. (2018). High-throughput plant phenotyping for developing novel biostimulants: from lab to field or from field to lab?. Frontiers in plant science, 9, 1197.
- Singh, S. P., Ekanem, E. P., Wakefield Jr, T., & Comer, S. (2003). Emerging importance of bio-based products and bio-energy in the US economy: information dissemination and training of students. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 5 (1-15).
- Seng, V., Ros, C., Bell, R.W., White, P.F. and Sarith, H. (2001) Nutrient requirements of rainfed lowland rice in Cambodia. In: Fukai, S. and Basnayake, J., (eds.) Increased Lowland Rice Production in the Mekong Region; proceedings of an international workshop held in Vientiane, Laos, 30 Oct - 1 Nov. ACIAR, Canberra, pp. 169-178.
- Sun, Y., Shi, Y., Liu, G., Yao, F., Zhang, Y., Yang, C., Guo, H., Liu, X., Jin, C., & Luo, J. (2020). Natural variation in the OsbZIP18 promoter contributes to branched?chain amino acid levels in rice. New Phytologist, 228(5), 1548-1558.
- Srean, P., Eang, B., Rien, R. & Martin, J. R. (2018). Paddy rice farming practices and profitability in northwest Cambodia. Asian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Safety, 1, 1–5.
- Srean, P., Suon, S., Yong, T. & Montague A. (2016). Effects of foliar and soil applied fertilizers on Cambodian rice. The International Journal of Science & Technology, 4(12), 32–38.
- Srean, P., Houm, S., Touch, B., Zhou, H., Wang, W., Shi, Y., Wei, S., Liu, B. (2012). Growth and yield of Chinese hybrid rice in Battambang, Cambodia. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 43, (8): 1101-1105.
- Vuthy, T., Pirom, K., & Dary, P. (2014). Development of the Fertilizer Industry in Cambodia: Structure of the Market, Challenges in the Demand and Supply Sides and the Way Forward. Cambodia Development Resource Institute – CDRI Working Paper Series No. 91.
- Wickham, H. (2011). ggplot2. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Statistics, 3: 180-185.
- Wilcoxon, F. (1945). Individual comparisons by ranking methods. Biometrics Bulletin, 1 (6), 80-83.
- White, P. F., Oberthu?r, T. & Sovuthy, P. (1997). The soils used for rice production in Cambodia: a manual for their identification and management. International Rice Research Institute, P.O. Box 933. Manila, Philippines.
Referensi
CARDI. (2012). Annual Report 2011. Cambodian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI), Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Causin, H. F. (1996). The central role of amino acids on nitrogen utilization and plant growth. Journal of Plant Physiology, 149(3-4), 358-362.
Jin, C., Sun, Y., Shi, Y., Zhang, Y., Chen, K., Li, Y., Liu, G., Yao, F., Cheng, D., Li, J., Zhou, J. Qu, L., Liu, X. & Luo J. (2019). Branched-chain amino acids regulate plant growth by affecting the homeostasis of mineral elements in rice. Science China Life Sciences, 62, 1107–1110.
Kato, Y., Tajima, R., Toriumi, A., Homma, K., Moritsuka, N., Shiraiwa, T., ... & Jongdee, B. (2016). Grain yield and phosphorus uptake of rainfed lowland rice under unsubmerged soil stress. Field Crops Research, 190, 54-59.
Kong, K., Hin, S., Seng, V., Ismail, A. M., Vergara, G., Choi, I. L., Ehara, H., & Kato, Y. (2020). Potential yield and nutrient requirements of direct-seeded, dry-season rice in Cambodia. Experimental Agriculture, 56 (2), 255-264.
Madende, M., & Hayes, M. (2020). Fish by-product use as biostimulants: An overview of the current state of the art, including relevant legislation and regulations within the EU and USA. Molecules, 25 (5), 1122.
Muller, B. & Touraine, B. (1992). Inhibition of NO3 – uptake by various phkloem translocated amino acids in soybean seedlings. Journal of Experimental Botany, 43 (5), 617–623.
Meyyappan, M. Balaji, E. & Angayarkanni, A. (2021). Effect of fish meal extract spray on the yield of Co-47 rice variety. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, (IJNPR)[Formerly Natural Product Radiance (NPR)], 12(1), 116–121.
Padgett, P.E. & Leonard R.T. (1996) Free amino acid levels and the regulation of nitrate uptake in maize cell suspension cultures. Journal of Experimental Botany, 47 (7), 871–883.
Pylak, M., Oszust, K., & Fr?c, M. (2019). Review report on the role of bioproducts, bio preparations, biostimulants and microbial inoculants in organic production of fruit. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 18(3), 597-616.
Team, R. C. (2020). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.Rproject.org.
Rouphael, Y., & Colla, G. (2018). Synergistic biostimulatory action: Designing the next generation of plant biostimulants for sustainable agriculture. Frontiers in plant science, 9, 1655.
Rouphael, Y., Spíchal, L., Panzarová, K., Casa, R., & Colla, G. (2018). High-throughput plant phenotyping for developing novel biostimulants: from lab to field or from field to lab?. Frontiers in plant science, 9, 1197.
Singh, S. P., Ekanem, E. P., Wakefield Jr, T., & Comer, S. (2003). Emerging importance of bio-based products and bio-energy in the US economy: information dissemination and training of students. International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 5 (1-15).
Seng, V., Ros, C., Bell, R.W., White, P.F. and Sarith, H. (2001) Nutrient requirements of rainfed lowland rice in Cambodia. In: Fukai, S. and Basnayake, J., (eds.) Increased Lowland Rice Production in the Mekong Region; proceedings of an international workshop held in Vientiane, Laos, 30 Oct - 1 Nov. ACIAR, Canberra, pp. 169-178.
Sun, Y., Shi, Y., Liu, G., Yao, F., Zhang, Y., Yang, C., Guo, H., Liu, X., Jin, C., & Luo, J. (2020). Natural variation in the OsbZIP18 promoter contributes to branched?chain amino acid levels in rice. New Phytologist, 228(5), 1548-1558.
Srean, P., Eang, B., Rien, R. & Martin, J. R. (2018). Paddy rice farming practices and profitability in northwest Cambodia. Asian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Safety, 1, 1–5.
Srean, P., Suon, S., Yong, T. & Montague A. (2016). Effects of foliar and soil applied fertilizers on Cambodian rice. The International Journal of Science & Technology, 4(12), 32–38.
Srean, P., Houm, S., Touch, B., Zhou, H., Wang, W., Shi, Y., Wei, S., Liu, B. (2012). Growth and yield of Chinese hybrid rice in Battambang, Cambodia. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 43, (8): 1101-1105.
Vuthy, T., Pirom, K., & Dary, P. (2014). Development of the Fertilizer Industry in Cambodia: Structure of the Market, Challenges in the Demand and Supply Sides and the Way Forward. Cambodia Development Resource Institute – CDRI Working Paper Series No. 91.
Wickham, H. (2011). ggplot2. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Statistics, 3: 180-185.
Wilcoxon, F. (1945). Individual comparisons by ranking methods. Biometrics Bulletin, 1 (6), 80-83.
White, P. F., Oberthu?r, T. & Sovuthy, P. (1997). The soils used for rice production in Cambodia: a manual for their identification and management. International Rice Research Institute, P.O. Box 933. Manila, Philippines.