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Abstract
Inorganic fertilizers have played a vital role in increasing crop production. However, its application in high doses caused adverse impacts on soil and plant production, as well as human health. The study aims to evaluate the beneficial effects of organic fertilizer in supporting sustainable plant growth and production and increasing economic value. The study was conducted from July to October 2022 in Poncokusumo, Kabupaten Malang. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of ten combination treatments with three times replication. The fertilizer combination includes GOF (250, 500, 750, and 1000 kg ha-1), Phonska (250 and 300 kg ha-1), and Urea 300 kg ha-1. Our results showed that application of GOF at a dose of 750-1000 kg ha-1 GOF + 250/300 kg ha-1 Phonska + 300 kg ha-1 Urea plays a role in increasing growth (height, number of leaves and stem diameter) and yields ha-1 sweet corn. The treatment of 1000 kg ha-1 GOF + 300 kg ha-1 Phonska + 300 kg ha-1 Urea (T8) gave the highest yield reaching 21.70 tons ha-1. The combination of GOF treatment with inorganic fertilizer (T2-T9) produces RAE values that meet the criteria for cultivation effectiveness, ranging from 128-163%. Meanwhile, the combination of 1000 kg ha-1 GOF with 300 kg ha-1 Phonska fertilizer and 300 kg ha-1 Urea (T8) fertilizer showed the highest R/C and B/C ratio values, 1.65 and 0.65. Reducing the Phonska dose by 50 kg ha-1, followed by increasing the GOF dose, can increase income. Overall, the GOF application can help increase productivity and economic benefits in sweet corn cultivation.
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References
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Ahmed, M., Rauf, M., Akhtar, M., Mukhtar, Z., & Saeed, N. A. (2020). Hazards of nitrogen fertilizers and ways to reduce nitrate accumulation in crop plants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 17661-17670. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08236-y
Aisyawati, L., Saeri, M., Trijaya, D., & Latifah, E. (2022). Growth analysis of sweet corn plants treated with a soil amendment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1107. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1107/1/012038
Al-Budeiri, M., & Al-Shami, Y. (2021). Effect of addition mineral, organic and bio-fertilizers on nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium concentration and protein of corn crop (Zea mays L.). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 735. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/735/1/012062
Ali, S.S., & Ali, T. (2019). Assessment of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Growth and Yield component by application of local granular organic fertilizer, peat and inorganic fertilizer: comparative study. Science, 4, 195-205. https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2019.2.19.
Annaheim, K., Doolette, A., Smernik, R., Mayer, J., Oberson, A., Frossard, E., & Bünemann, E. (2015). Long-term addition of organic fertilizers has little effect on soil organic phosphorus as characterized by 31P NMR spectroscopy and enzyme additions. Geoderma, 67-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.01.014
Baghdadi, A., Halim, R., Ghasemzadeh, A., Ramlan, M., & Sakimin, S. (2018). Impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the yield and quality of silage corn intercropped with soybean. PeerJ, 6. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5280
Barłóg, P., Grzebisz, W., & Łukowiak, R. (2022). Fertilizers and fertilization strategies are mitigating soil factors constraining efficiency of nitrogen in plant production. Plants, 11(14), 1855. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11141855
Fahrurrozi, F., Muktamar, Z., , D., Setyowati, N., Sudjatmiko, S., & Chozin, M. (2016). Growth and Yield Responses of Three Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. var. Saccharata) Varieties to Local-based Liquid Organic Fertilizer. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 6, 319-323. https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.6.3.730
Hammad, H. M., Khaliq, A., Abbas, F., Farhad, W., Fahad, S., Aslam, M., & Bakhat, H. F. (2020). Comparative effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil organic carbon and wheat productivity under arid region. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 51(10), 1406-1422. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2020.1763385
Hawayant, E., Palmasari, B., Nopriyanto, N., & Sebayang, N. S. (2021). Combination of planting methods and multiple npk fertilizer on plant growth and production sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt). BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan, 9(2), 165-175. https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/biotik/article/view/10714
Hossain, M. E., Shahrukh, S., & Hossain, S. A. (2022). Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides: Impacts on Soil Degradation, Groundwater, and Human Health in Bangladesh. In Environmental Degradation: Challenges and Strategies for Mitigation. 63-92. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95542-7_4
Ilahude, Z., Gubali, H., Lihawa, M., & Bahua, M. (2023). Organic fertilizer application to improve bacterial quality and rice production. International Journal of Life Science Research Archive. 04(01), 117–122. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14105919
Intansari, R. S. R., & Subiksa, I. G. M. (2022). The effectiveness of organic fertilizer granules for increasing sweet corn production on Acid Dryland In Bogor District. Journal of Soilscape and Agriculture, 1(1), 40-52. https://doi.org/10.19184/jsa.v1i1.127
Karmakar, S., Bhattacharyya, A., Ghosh, B., Roy, R., Kumar, S., Kar, B., & Saha, G. (2020). Suitability of coupling application of organic and inorganic fertilizers for crop cultivation. Ecological and Practical Applications for Sustainable Agriculture, 149-177. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3372-3_8
Lazcano, C., Zhu-Barker, X., & Decock, C. (2021). Effects of Organic Fertilizers on the Soil Microorganisms Responsible for N2O Emissions: A Review. Microorganisms, 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050983
Lin, Y., Ye, G., Kuzyakov, Y., Liu, D., Fan, J., & Ding, W. (2019). Long-term manure application increases soil organic matter and aggregation, and alters microbial community structure and keystone taxa. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 134, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.03.030
Muktamar, Z., Sinaga, D. P., Widiyono, H., Gusmara, H., & Mucitro, B. G. (2023). Performance of Sweet Corn and Increasing Soil Total Nitrogen after the Application of Vegetable Waste-Based Liquid Organic Fertilizer in Coastal Entisols. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 35(21), 221-231. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i213968
Ning, C., Gao, P., Wang, B., Lin, W., Jiang, N., & Cai, K. (2017). Impacts of chemical fertilizer reduction and organic amendments supplementation on soil nutrient, enzyme activity and heavy metal content. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 16, 1819-1831. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61476-4
Pahalvi, H. N., Rafiya, L., Rashid, S., Nisar, B., & Kamili, A. N. (2021). Chemical fertilizers and their impact on soil health. Microbiota and Biofertilizers, Vol 2: Ecofriendly Tools for Reclamation of Degraded Soil Environs, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61010-4_1
Singh, B. (2018). Are Nitrogen Fertilizers Deleterious to Soil Health. Agronomy, 8, 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8040048
Soni, R., Gupta, R., Agarwal, P., & Mishra, R. (2022). Organic Farming: A Sustainable Agricultural Practice. Vantage: Journal of Thematic Analysis, 3(1), 21-44. https://doi.org/10.52253/vjta.2022.v03i01.03
Susanto, D., & Amirta, R. (2020). The application of NPK fertilizer boosts the nutrient uptake status and biomass production of Vernonia amygdalina. Nusantara Bioscience, 12. https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n120205
Wei, B., Yu, J., Cao, Z., Meng, M., Yang, L., & Chen, Q. (2020). The availability and accumulation of heavy metals in greenhouse soils associated with intensive fertilizer application. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5359. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155359
Wu, Q., Li, S., Huang, Z., & Wang, Q. (2021). Variations in soil bacterial communities and putative functions in a sugarcane soil following five years of chemical fertilization. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 67(6), 727-738. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2020.1752916
Yang, X., Li, G., Jia, X., Zhao, X., & Lin, Q. (2020). Net nitrogen mineralization delay due to microbial regulation following the addition of granular organic fertilizer. Geoderma, 359, 113994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.113994
Zhang, M., Zhang, X., Zhang, L., Zeng, L., Liu, Y., Wang, X., & Ai, C. (2021). The stronger impact of inorganic nitrogen fertilization on soil bacterial community than organic fertilization in short-term condition. Geoderma, 382, 114752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114752
Zhang, Z., Liu, H., Liu, X., Chen, Y., Lu, Y., Shen, M., Dang, K., Zhao, Y., Dong, Y., Li, Q., & Li, J. (2021). Organic fertilizer enhances rice growth in severe saline–alkali soil by increasing soil bacterial diversity. Soil Use and Management, 38, 964 - 977. https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12711
References
Ahmed, M., Rauf, M., Akhtar, M., Mukhtar, Z., & Saeed, N. A. (2020). Hazards of nitrogen fertilizers and ways to reduce nitrate accumulation in crop plants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 17661-17670. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-08236-y
Aisyawati, L., Saeri, M., Trijaya, D., & Latifah, E. (2022). Growth analysis of sweet corn plants treated with a soil amendment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1107. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1107/1/012038
Al-Budeiri, M., & Al-Shami, Y. (2021). Effect of addition mineral, organic and bio-fertilizers on nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium concentration and protein of corn crop (Zea mays L.). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 735. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/735/1/012062
Ali, S.S., & Ali, T. (2019). Assessment of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Growth and Yield component by application of local granular organic fertilizer, peat and inorganic fertilizer: comparative study. Science, 4, 195-205. https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2019.2.19.
Annaheim, K., Doolette, A., Smernik, R., Mayer, J., Oberson, A., Frossard, E., & Bünemann, E. (2015). Long-term addition of organic fertilizers has little effect on soil organic phosphorus as characterized by 31P NMR spectroscopy and enzyme additions. Geoderma, 67-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.01.014
Baghdadi, A., Halim, R., Ghasemzadeh, A., Ramlan, M., & Sakimin, S. (2018). Impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the yield and quality of silage corn intercropped with soybean. PeerJ, 6. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5280
Barłóg, P., Grzebisz, W., & Łukowiak, R. (2022). Fertilizers and fertilization strategies are mitigating soil factors constraining efficiency of nitrogen in plant production. Plants, 11(14), 1855. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11141855
Fahrurrozi, F., Muktamar, Z., , D., Setyowati, N., Sudjatmiko, S., & Chozin, M. (2016). Growth and Yield Responses of Three Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. var. Saccharata) Varieties to Local-based Liquid Organic Fertilizer. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 6, 319-323. https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.6.3.730
Hammad, H. M., Khaliq, A., Abbas, F., Farhad, W., Fahad, S., Aslam, M., & Bakhat, H. F. (2020). Comparative effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil organic carbon and wheat productivity under arid region. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 51(10), 1406-1422. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2020.1763385
Hawayant, E., Palmasari, B., Nopriyanto, N., & Sebayang, N. S. (2021). Combination of planting methods and multiple npk fertilizer on plant growth and production sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt). BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan, 9(2), 165-175. https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/biotik/article/view/10714
Hossain, M. E., Shahrukh, S., & Hossain, S. A. (2022). Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides: Impacts on Soil Degradation, Groundwater, and Human Health in Bangladesh. In Environmental Degradation: Challenges and Strategies for Mitigation. 63-92. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95542-7_4
Ilahude, Z., Gubali, H., Lihawa, M., & Bahua, M. (2023). Organic fertilizer application to improve bacterial quality and rice production. International Journal of Life Science Research Archive. 04(01), 117–122. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14105919
Intansari, R. S. R., & Subiksa, I. G. M. (2022). The effectiveness of organic fertilizer granules for increasing sweet corn production on Acid Dryland In Bogor District. Journal of Soilscape and Agriculture, 1(1), 40-52. https://doi.org/10.19184/jsa.v1i1.127
Karmakar, S., Bhattacharyya, A., Ghosh, B., Roy, R., Kumar, S., Kar, B., & Saha, G. (2020). Suitability of coupling application of organic and inorganic fertilizers for crop cultivation. Ecological and Practical Applications for Sustainable Agriculture, 149-177. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3372-3_8
Lazcano, C., Zhu-Barker, X., & Decock, C. (2021). Effects of Organic Fertilizers on the Soil Microorganisms Responsible for N2O Emissions: A Review. Microorganisms, 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050983
Lin, Y., Ye, G., Kuzyakov, Y., Liu, D., Fan, J., & Ding, W. (2019). Long-term manure application increases soil organic matter and aggregation, and alters microbial community structure and keystone taxa. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 134, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.03.030
Muktamar, Z., Sinaga, D. P., Widiyono, H., Gusmara, H., & Mucitro, B. G. (2023). Performance of Sweet Corn and Increasing Soil Total Nitrogen after the Application of Vegetable Waste-Based Liquid Organic Fertilizer in Coastal Entisols. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 35(21), 221-231. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i213968
Ning, C., Gao, P., Wang, B., Lin, W., Jiang, N., & Cai, K. (2017). Impacts of chemical fertilizer reduction and organic amendments supplementation on soil nutrient, enzyme activity and heavy metal content. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 16, 1819-1831. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61476-4
Pahalvi, H. N., Rafiya, L., Rashid, S., Nisar, B., & Kamili, A. N. (2021). Chemical fertilizers and their impact on soil health. Microbiota and Biofertilizers, Vol 2: Ecofriendly Tools for Reclamation of Degraded Soil Environs, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61010-4_1
Singh, B. (2018). Are Nitrogen Fertilizers Deleterious to Soil Health. Agronomy, 8, 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8040048
Soni, R., Gupta, R., Agarwal, P., & Mishra, R. (2022). Organic Farming: A Sustainable Agricultural Practice. Vantage: Journal of Thematic Analysis, 3(1), 21-44. https://doi.org/10.52253/vjta.2022.v03i01.03
Susanto, D., & Amirta, R. (2020). The application of NPK fertilizer boosts the nutrient uptake status and biomass production of Vernonia amygdalina. Nusantara Bioscience, 12. https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n120205
Wei, B., Yu, J., Cao, Z., Meng, M., Yang, L., & Chen, Q. (2020). The availability and accumulation of heavy metals in greenhouse soils associated with intensive fertilizer application. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5359. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155359
Wu, Q., Li, S., Huang, Z., & Wang, Q. (2021). Variations in soil bacterial communities and putative functions in a sugarcane soil following five years of chemical fertilization. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 67(6), 727-738. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2020.1752916
Yang, X., Li, G., Jia, X., Zhao, X., & Lin, Q. (2020). Net nitrogen mineralization delay due to microbial regulation following the addition of granular organic fertilizer. Geoderma, 359, 113994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.113994
Zhang, M., Zhang, X., Zhang, L., Zeng, L., Liu, Y., Wang, X., & Ai, C. (2021). The stronger impact of inorganic nitrogen fertilization on soil bacterial community than organic fertilization in short-term condition. Geoderma, 382, 114752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114752
Zhang, Z., Liu, H., Liu, X., Chen, Y., Lu, Y., Shen, M., Dang, K., Zhao, Y., Dong, Y., Li, Q., & Li, J. (2021). Organic fertilizer enhances rice growth in severe saline–alkali soil by increasing soil bacterial diversity. Soil Use and Management, 38, 964 - 977. https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12711
Aisyawati, L., Saeri, M., Trijaya, D., & Latifah, E. (2022). Growth analysis of sweet corn plants treated with a soil amendment. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1107. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1107/1/012038
Al-Budeiri, M., & Al-Shami, Y. (2021). Effect of addition mineral, organic and bio-fertilizers on nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium concentration and protein of corn crop (Zea mays L.). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 735. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/735/1/012062
Ali, S.S., & Ali, T. (2019). Assessment of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Growth and Yield component by application of local granular organic fertilizer, peat and inorganic fertilizer: comparative study. Science, 4, 195-205. https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2019.2.19.
Annaheim, K., Doolette, A., Smernik, R., Mayer, J., Oberson, A., Frossard, E., & Bünemann, E. (2015). Long-term addition of organic fertilizers has little effect on soil organic phosphorus as characterized by 31P NMR spectroscopy and enzyme additions. Geoderma, 67-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2015.01.014
Baghdadi, A., Halim, R., Ghasemzadeh, A., Ramlan, M., & Sakimin, S. (2018). Impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the yield and quality of silage corn intercropped with soybean. PeerJ, 6. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5280
Barłóg, P., Grzebisz, W., & Łukowiak, R. (2022). Fertilizers and fertilization strategies are mitigating soil factors constraining efficiency of nitrogen in plant production. Plants, 11(14), 1855. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11141855
Fahrurrozi, F., Muktamar, Z., , D., Setyowati, N., Sudjatmiko, S., & Chozin, M. (2016). Growth and Yield Responses of Three Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. var. Saccharata) Varieties to Local-based Liquid Organic Fertilizer. International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 6, 319-323. https://doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.6.3.730
Hammad, H. M., Khaliq, A., Abbas, F., Farhad, W., Fahad, S., Aslam, M., & Bakhat, H. F. (2020). Comparative effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil organic carbon and wheat productivity under arid region. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 51(10), 1406-1422. https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2020.1763385
Hawayant, E., Palmasari, B., Nopriyanto, N., & Sebayang, N. S. (2021). Combination of planting methods and multiple npk fertilizer on plant growth and production sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt). BIOTIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Teknologi dan Kependidikan, 9(2), 165-175. https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/biotik/article/view/10714
Hossain, M. E., Shahrukh, S., & Hossain, S. A. (2022). Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides: Impacts on Soil Degradation, Groundwater, and Human Health in Bangladesh. In Environmental Degradation: Challenges and Strategies for Mitigation. 63-92. Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95542-7_4
Ilahude, Z., Gubali, H., Lihawa, M., & Bahua, M. (2023). Organic fertilizer application to improve bacterial quality and rice production. International Journal of Life Science Research Archive. 04(01), 117–122. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14105919
Intansari, R. S. R., & Subiksa, I. G. M. (2022). The effectiveness of organic fertilizer granules for increasing sweet corn production on Acid Dryland In Bogor District. Journal of Soilscape and Agriculture, 1(1), 40-52. https://doi.org/10.19184/jsa.v1i1.127
Karmakar, S., Bhattacharyya, A., Ghosh, B., Roy, R., Kumar, S., Kar, B., & Saha, G. (2020). Suitability of coupling application of organic and inorganic fertilizers for crop cultivation. Ecological and Practical Applications for Sustainable Agriculture, 149-177. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3372-3_8
Lazcano, C., Zhu-Barker, X., & Decock, C. (2021). Effects of Organic Fertilizers on the Soil Microorganisms Responsible for N2O Emissions: A Review. Microorganisms, 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050983
Lin, Y., Ye, G., Kuzyakov, Y., Liu, D., Fan, J., & Ding, W. (2019). Long-term manure application increases soil organic matter and aggregation, and alters microbial community structure and keystone taxa. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 134, 187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.03.030
Muktamar, Z., Sinaga, D. P., Widiyono, H., Gusmara, H., & Mucitro, B. G. (2023). Performance of Sweet Corn and Increasing Soil Total Nitrogen after the Application of Vegetable Waste-Based Liquid Organic Fertilizer in Coastal Entisols. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 35(21), 221-231. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i213968
Ning, C., Gao, P., Wang, B., Lin, W., Jiang, N., & Cai, K. (2017). Impacts of chemical fertilizer reduction and organic amendments supplementation on soil nutrient, enzyme activity and heavy metal content. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 16, 1819-1831. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61476-4
Pahalvi, H. N., Rafiya, L., Rashid, S., Nisar, B., & Kamili, A. N. (2021). Chemical fertilizers and their impact on soil health. Microbiota and Biofertilizers, Vol 2: Ecofriendly Tools for Reclamation of Degraded Soil Environs, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61010-4_1
Singh, B. (2018). Are Nitrogen Fertilizers Deleterious to Soil Health. Agronomy, 8, 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8040048
Soni, R., Gupta, R., Agarwal, P., & Mishra, R. (2022). Organic Farming: A Sustainable Agricultural Practice. Vantage: Journal of Thematic Analysis, 3(1), 21-44. https://doi.org/10.52253/vjta.2022.v03i01.03
Susanto, D., & Amirta, R. (2020). The application of NPK fertilizer boosts the nutrient uptake status and biomass production of Vernonia amygdalina. Nusantara Bioscience, 12. https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n120205
Wei, B., Yu, J., Cao, Z., Meng, M., Yang, L., & Chen, Q. (2020). The availability and accumulation of heavy metals in greenhouse soils associated with intensive fertilizer application. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5359. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155359
Wu, Q., Li, S., Huang, Z., & Wang, Q. (2021). Variations in soil bacterial communities and putative functions in a sugarcane soil following five years of chemical fertilization. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 67(6), 727-738. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2020.1752916
Yang, X., Li, G., Jia, X., Zhao, X., & Lin, Q. (2020). Net nitrogen mineralization delay due to microbial regulation following the addition of granular organic fertilizer. Geoderma, 359, 113994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2019.113994
Zhang, M., Zhang, X., Zhang, L., Zeng, L., Liu, Y., Wang, X., & Ai, C. (2021). The stronger impact of inorganic nitrogen fertilization on soil bacterial community than organic fertilization in short-term condition. Geoderma, 382, 114752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114752
Zhang, Z., Liu, H., Liu, X., Chen, Y., Lu, Y., Shen, M., Dang, K., Zhao, Y., Dong, Y., Li, Q., & Li, J. (2021). Organic fertilizer enhances rice growth in severe saline–alkali soil by increasing soil bacterial diversity. Soil Use and Management, 38, 964 - 977. https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12711