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Abstract
The percentage of the population living in poverty in Bengkulu Province was not affected by the pandemic and even tended to decrease. This is contrary to the findings of studies on the impact of the pandemic on income, poverty, and food security. One way to determine the impact of the pandemic on food security is by comparing the conditions before and after the pandemic. Based on the descriptive analysis results, the food Security Index in some districts increased steadily throughout the period, but others fluctuated. Some districts experiencing fluctuations include Rejang Lebong, Seluma, and Mukomuko. The Food Security Index of other districts, including Bengkulu City, tends to increase. Only the Food Security Index of Kepahiang and Bengkulu Tengah districts shows a tendency to decrease. The results of the paired sample t-test indicate a significant difference in the food security index among districts and cities in Bengkulu Province between before and after the pandemic. This finding aligns with the descriptive analysis results that show a difference in the food security index among districts and cities in Bengkulu Province. Further analysis was conducted by considering these three aspects. However, the three aspects yielded different results in the paired sample t-test. Only in terms of food quality, the paired sample t-test results showed a significant difference in quality index between before and after the pandemic, supported by a p-value of (0.032) < alpha 5%.
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References
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- Vogenthaler, N. S., Kushel, M. B., Hadley, C., Frongillo, E. A., Riley, E. D., Bangsberg, D. R., & Weiser, S. D. (2013). Food insecurity and risky sexual behaviors among homeless and marginally housed HIV-infected individuals in San Francisco. AIDS and Behavior, 17(5), 1688–1693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-012-0355-2
References
Béné, C., Bakker, D., Chavarro, M. J., Even, B., Melo, J., & Sonneveld, A. (2021). Global assessment of the impacts of COVID-19 on food security. Global Food Security, 31(December), 100575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100575
Fan, S., Teng, P., Chew, P., Smith, G., & Copeland, L. (2021). Food system resilience and COVID-19 – Lessons from the Asian experience. Global Food Security, 28(March), 100501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100501
Franklin, B., Jones, A., Love, D., Puckett, S., Macklin, J., & White-Means, S. (2012). Exploring Mediators of Food Insecurity and Obesity: A Review of Recent Literature. Journal of Community Health, 37(1), 253–264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-011-9420-4
Gowda, C., Hadley, C., & Aiello, A. E. (2012). The Association Between Food Insecurity and Inflammation in the US Adult Population. American Journal of Public Health, 102(8), 1579–1586. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2011.300551
Hackett, M., Melgar-Quiñonez, H., & Álvarez, M. C. (2009). Household food insecurity associated with stunting and underweight among preschool children in Antioquia, Colombia. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 25(6), 506–510. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1020-49892009000600006
Ishtiaq, M. (2019). Book Review Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. English Language Teaching, 12(5), 40. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n5p40
Ivers, L. C., & Cullen, K. A. (2011). Food insecurity: special considerations for women. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 94(6), 1740S-1744S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.012617
Khairad F. (2020). Sektor Pertanian di Tengah Pandemi COVID-19 ditinjau Dari Aspek Agribisnis. Jounal Agriuma. 2(2): 82–89. http://www.ojs.uma.ac.id/index.php/agriuma/article/view/4357
Kurniasih, E. P. (2020). Dampak Pandemi Covid 19 Terhadap Penurunan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Kota Pontianak. Prosiding Seminar Akademik Tahunan Ilmu Ekonomi Dan Studi Pembangunan 2020, 277–289. https://feb.untan.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Erni-1.pdf
Motbainor, A., Worku, A., & Kumie, A. (2015). Stunting Is Associated with Food Diversity while Wasting with Food Insecurity among Underfive Children in East and West Gojjam Zones of Amhara Region, Ethiopia. PLOS ONE, 10(8), e0133542. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133542
Ouoba, Y., & Sawadogo, N. (2022). Food security, poverty and household resilience to COVID-19 in Burkina Faso: Evidence from urban small traders’ households. World Development Perspectives, 25(March), 100387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2021.100387
Pan, L., Sherry, B., Njai, R., & Blanck, H. M. (2012). Food Insecurity Is Associated with Obesity among US Adults in 12 States. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 112(9), 1403–1409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2012.06.011
Rose-Jacobs, R., Black, M. M., Casey, P. H., Cook, J. T., Cutts, D. B., Chilton, M., Heeren, T., Levenson, S. M., Meyers, A. F., & Frank, D. A. (2008). Household Food Insecurity: Associations With At-Risk Infant and Toddler Development. Pediatrics, 121(1), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-3717
Saraswati, H. (2019). Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Pasar Saham Di Indonesia. JAD : Jurnal Riset Akuntansi & Keuangan Dewantara, 3(2), 153–163. https://doi.org/10.26533/jad.v3i2.696
Seligman, H. K., Laraia, B. A., & Kushel, M. B. (2010). Food insecurity is associated with chronic disease among low-income nhanes participants. Journal of Nutrition, 140(2), 304–310. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.109.112573
Slopen, N., Fitzmaurice, G., Williams, D. R., & Gilman, S. E. (2010). Poverty, Food Insecurity, and the Behavior for Childhood Internalizing and Externalizing Disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 49(5), 444–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2010.01.018
Syakirotin, M., Karyani, T., & Noor, T. I. (2022). Ketahanan Pangan Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Bandung. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 27(3), 473–491. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.27.3.473
van den Berg, H., Gu, B., Grenier, B., Kohlschmid, E., Al-Eryani, S., da Silva Bezerra, H. S., Nagpal, B. N., Chanda, E., Gasimov, E., Velayudhan, R., & Yadav, R. S. (2020). Pesticide lifecycle management in agriculture and public health: Where are the gaps? Science of The Total Environment, 742, 140598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140598
Vogenthaler, N. S., Kushel, M. B., Hadley, C., Frongillo, E. A., Riley, E. D., Bangsberg, D. R., & Weiser, S. D. (2013). Food insecurity and risky sexual behaviors among homeless and marginally housed HIV-infected individuals in San Francisco. AIDS and Behavior, 17(5), 1688–1693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-012-0355-2