Plagiarism Policy

The journal upholds the highest standards of academic integrity and strictly prohibits any form of plagiarism. All manuscripts submitted to this journal will be screened for plagiarism using reliable plagiarism detection software.

Definition of Plagiarism
Plagiarism occurs when an author presents another person's work, ideas, or words as their own, without proper attribution. This includes but is not limited to:

• Copying text directly from another source without citation;

• Paraphrasing substantial parts of another work without acknowledgment;

• Reusing one’s own previously published work without disclosure (self-plagiarism);

• Using images, data, or tables without permission or proper credit.

Plagiarism Detection and Handling

• All submitted manuscripts will be checked for plagiarism before being sent for peer review.

• The acceptable similarity index is below 20%, with no single source exceeding 5%.

• Manuscripts found to have excessive similarity or clear instances of plagiarism will be rejected immediately. Minor overlaps may be returned to the author for revision.

Consequences of Plagiarism

• Submissions with confirmed plagiarism will be rejected.

• If plagiarism is discovered after publication, the article may be retracted, and a notice of retraction will be published.

• Authors found guilty of plagiarism may be blacklisted from submitting to the journal in the future.

Author Responsibility
It is the responsibility of the authors to ensure that their work is free from plagiarism. Authors are advised to check their manuscripts using plagiarism detection tools before submission.