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Abstract
Dalam konteks perubahan sosial menarik untuk membahas tentang unsur penyebab perubahan itu sendiri. Perubahan sosial dalam suatu komunitas, yang melatarbelakangi terjadinya perubahan sebab-sebabnya urgen untuk diketahui. Suatu perubahan pada masyarakat apabila ditelisik lebih mendalam penyebab terjadinya, karena adanya elemen yang dirasakan tidak mampu lagi memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Ada dua perspektif pandangan perubahan secara general dalam suatu komunitas kelompok yang menjadi unsur penyebab perubahan, yaitu materialistis serta idealis. Oleh karena itu artikel ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan perubahan sosial bidang pertanian dari perspektif materialistis dan perspektif idealis. Dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode kualitatif. Metode kualitatif bertujuan untuk menguraikan serta mendeskripsikan konsep-konsep yang berhubungan dengan pengertian secrara komprehensif mendalam mengenai suatu gejala-gejala atau fenomena, objektif dan realitas yang melatarbelakang serta tujuannya. Metode pengumpulan data adalah studi pustaka. Perubahan sosial dalam perspektif materialistis antara lain teknologi baru (moda produksi) yang terdiri dari produksi subsisten, yaitu; kekuatan produksi mencakup lahan, produksi komersial, yaitu kemampuan produksi meliputi lahan dan non lahan merupakan sarana berproduksi, dan produksi kapitalis, yaitu; kekuatan produksi mencakup modal sebagai alat produksinya. Sedangkan perubahan sosial dalam perspektif idealis adalah faktor non material berupa gagasan atau ide, etik dan gagasan. Gagasan diharapkan bisa menimbulkan perubahan minimal dengan melewati 3 (tiga) kaidah yaitu gagasan dapat menjustifikasi kehendak dalam melaksanakan perubahan-perubahan, gagasan dapat membuat fundamental kesetiakawanan sosial yang diperlukan untuk melaksanakan perubahan, dan gagasan dapat membawa dampak perubahan melewati problematika dan perbedaan yang eksis dalam suatu kelompok masyarakat.
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References
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- Brandth, Berit. 2019. Farmers framing fatherhood: everyday life and rural change. Agriculture and Human Values, 36(1), 49-59.
- Bryan S, Turner. 2012. Teori Sosial Dari Klasik Sampai Postmodern. Penerbit Pustaka Pelajar: Yogyakarta.
- Cameron, Esther., and Green, Mike. 2019. Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page
- Comi, Matt. 2020. Other agricultures of scale: Social and environmental insights from Yakima Valley hop growers. Journal of Rural Studies, 80, 543-552.
- Del Mar Alonso-Almeida, M., Perramon, J., and Bagur-Femenías, L. 2020. Shedding light on sharing Economy and new materialist consumption: An empirical approach. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 52, 101900.
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- Sheehan, Oliver, Joseph Watts, Russell D. Gray, and Quentin D. Atkinson. 2018. Coevolution of landesque capital intensive agriculture and sociopolitical hierarchy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(14), 3628-3633.
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- Tinjauan Materialisme Budaya. 2018. Perubahan Sosial Pada Masyarakat Desa: Tinjauan Materialisme Budaya dari Pemanfaatan Bersama Mata Air Pada Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. In Proceeding–Open Society Conference (p. 59).
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References
Abdulgani, Fuad. 2020. Sang Pemburu dalam Jerat Kerja Upahan: Investigasi Moda Produksi dalam Proses Industrialisasi Sagu di Papua Barat. Wacana: Jurnal transformasi sosial, 38.
Bahri, Syamsul., & Pratiwi, Anggi. 2016. Perubahan Sosial Petani Karet di Desa Bongkal Malang Kecamatan Kelayang Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu (Doctoral dissertation, Riau University).
Brandth, Berit. 2019. Farmers framing fatherhood: everyday life and rural change. Agriculture and Human Values, 36(1), 49-59.
Bryan S, Turner. 2012. Teori Sosial Dari Klasik Sampai Postmodern. Penerbit Pustaka Pelajar: Yogyakarta.
Cameron, Esther., and Green, Mike. 2019. Making sense of change management: A complete guide to the models, tools and techniques of organizational change. Kogan Page
Comi, Matt. 2020. Other agricultures of scale: Social and environmental insights from Yakima Valley hop growers. Journal of Rural Studies, 80, 543-552.
Del Mar Alonso-Almeida, M., Perramon, J., and Bagur-Femenías, L. 2020. Shedding light on sharing Economy and new materialist consumption: An empirical approach. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 52, 101900.
Djoh, Diana Andayani. 2018. Dampak Modernisasi Terhadap Perubahan Sosial Masyarakat Tani di Desa Kambata Tana Kabupaten Sumba Timur. Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis, 2(4), 332-339.
Fiebrig, Immo, Sabine Zikeli, Sonja Bach, and Sabine Gruber. 2020. Perspectives on permaculture for commercial farming: aspirations and realities. Organic Agriculture, 10(3), 379-394.
Franco, Marco. PV. 2020. Conservation, economic planning and natural capital in early Soviet ecology. Ecosystem Services, 41, 101064.
Garcia-Gonzalez, Jesus, and Eakin, Hallie (2019). What can be: Stakeholder perspectives for a sustainable food system. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 8(4), 61-82.
Ibrahim, Jabal Tarik. 2019. Sosiologi Pedesaan. Malang: Penerbit Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
Jansma, Jan Eelco, and Sigrid CO Wertheim-Heck. 2021. Thoughts for urban food: A social practice perspective on urban planning for agriculture in Almere, the Netherlands: Landscape and Urban Planning, 206, 103976.
Kinseng, Rilus., A. (2021) "Socio-cultural Change and Conflict in the Coastal and Small Island Community in Indonesia." Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan 9, no. 1 (2021): 1-17.
Laibman, David. 2019. Forces of Production and Relations of Production. In The Oxford Handbook of Karl Marx (p. 77). Oxford University Press.
Levin, David Michael. 2019. The listening self: Personal growth, social change and the closure of metaphysics. Routledge.
Macnaghten, Phil, Sarah R. Davies, and Matthew Kearnes. 2019. Understanding public responses to emerging technologies: a narrative approach. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 21(5), 504-518.
Mardiatno, D. (2018). Potensi Sumberdaya Pesisir Kabupaten Jepara. UGM PRESS.
Nawir, Muhammad. 2014. Struktur Ruang Kota dan Koeksistensi Moda Produksi (Studi Pada Kawasan Pasar Grosir Daya Kota Makassar). JKIP (Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan), 1(2), 148-162.
Raczkoski, Brandon M., and M. C. U. S. Edwards. 2018. US international agricultural development: What events, forces, actors, and philosophical perspectives presaged its approach. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, Florida, 25(2), 11-28.
Ruzol, Clarissa D., April Charmaine D. Camacho, Lorena L. Sabino, Josephine E. Garcia, Dixon T. Gevaña, and Leni D. Camacho. 2020. A materialist-idealist divide? Policy and practice in participatory mangrove rehabilitation in the Philippines. Environmental Science and Policy, (112) 394-404
Schatzki, Theodore R. 2019. Social Change in a Material World: How Activity and Material Processes Dynamize Practices. Routledge.
Schwab, Klaus. 2019. Revolusi Industri Keempat. Jakarta: Penerbit PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Sheehan, Oliver, Joseph Watts, Russell D. Gray, and Quentin D. Atkinson. 2018. Coevolution of landesque capital intensive agriculture and sociopolitical hierarchy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(14), 3628-3633.
Soekanto, Soerjono dan Sulistyowati, Budi. 2018. Sosiologi Suatu Pengantar. Edisi revisi ke 46. Jakarta: PT RajaGrafindo Persada.
Tinjauan Materialisme Budaya. 2018. Perubahan Sosial Pada Masyarakat Desa: Tinjauan Materialisme Budaya dari Pemanfaatan Bersama Mata Air Pada Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. In Proceeding–Open Society Conference (p. 59).
Umanailo, M. Chairul Basrun. 2019. Structure of Social Change in Industrial Society. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management Riyadh (pp. 668-72).
Van Ree, E. 2020. Productive forces, the passions and natural philosophy: Karl Marx, 1841–1846. Journal of Political Ideologies, 1-20