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Sejak jumlah rumah tangga miskin di Indonesia masih tinggi, pemerintah Indonesia mendorong para perempuan dari keluarga-keluarga ini untuk melakukan usaha kecil dengan bergabung dalam sebuah jaringan yang disebut Jar-PUK, singkatan dari Jaringan Perempuan Usaha Kecil. Jaringan ini dimaksudkan untuk memberdayakan ekonomi perempuan, sehingga dapat mengurangi kemiskinan. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas Jar-PUK dalam memberdayakan ekonomi perempuan masih dipertanyakan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji peran Jar-PUK di Sidorejo, sebuah desa di Bengkulu, Indonesia, dalam memberdayakan ekonomi anggotanya. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada dua kelompok Jar-PUK, yaitu Jar-PUK Seroja dan Jar-PUK Sedap Malam, yang masing-masing beranggotakan 20 perempuan. Partisipan penelitian ini dipilih berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling, termasuk koordinator dan anggota dari kelompok Jar-PUK. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik triangulasi yang melibatkan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan diskusi kelompok terarah. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jar-PUK belum menjadi agen pemberdayaan ekonomi bagi para anggotanya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan usaha kecil yang dijalankan oleh anggota Jar-PUK masih perlu dikembangkan secara maksimal. Kendala yang dihadapi anggota Jar-PUK dalam menjalankan usaha mereka adalah kebutuhan akan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kewirausahaan. Tantangan-tantangan ini menghambat pertumbuhan dan keberhasilan usaha kecil mereka secara optimal.
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Cara Mengutip
Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Ibu Rumah Tangga di Desa Sidorejo, Bengkulu Tengah Melalui Jaringan Perempuan Usaha Kecil: Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Ibu Rumah Tangga di Desa Sidorejo, Bengkulu Tengah Melalui Jaringan Perempuan Usaha Kecil. (2024). Jurnal Sosiologi Nusantara, 10(1), 82–102. https://doi.org/10.33369/jsn.10.1.82-102
Referensi
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Abdullah, N., Hashim, N. Z. I., Abidin, I. S. Z., & Shazali, S. M. M. (2022). Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic in Malaysia: A Critical Survey. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 30(4), 1857–1879. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.30.4.20
Amri, A. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap UMKM di Indonesia. Jurnal Brand, 2(1), 123–130.
Ang, C. W., & Lai, S. L. (2023). Women’s Empowerment in Malaysia and Indonesia: The Autonomy of Women in Household Decision-Making. Pertanika: Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 31(2), 903–916. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.31.2.22
Anwar, M. Z. (2013). Organisasi Perempuan dan Pembangunan Kesejahteraan. Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif, 8(1), 133–146. http://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/isoshum/sosiologireflektif/article/view/521
Aritenang, A. (2021). The Role of Social Capital on Rural Enterprises Economic Performance: A Case Study in Indonesia Villages. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211044178
Arnani, M. (2021). Angka Kemiskinan Indonesia Naik, Ini Data Per Provinsi. Kompas.Com. https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2021/02/18/110300865/angka-kemiskinan-indonesia-naik-ini-data-per-provinsi?page=all
Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Bengkulu. (2021a). Berita Resmi Statistik: Profil Kemiskinan Provinsi Bengkulu September 2020 (Issue 15/2/17/XV).
Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Bengkulu. (2021b). September 2020, penduduk miskin Provinsi Bengkulu mencapai 305.997 orang. https://bengkulu.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2021/02/15/581/september-2020--penduduk-miskin-provinsi-bengkulu-mencapai-305-997-orang.html
Budiawati, A. D. (2016). Intip 4 Faktor Sukses Wanita Pengusaha. Dream.Co.Id. https://www.dream.co.id/dinar/intip-4-faktor-sukses-wanita-pengusaha-161107f.html
Daulay, R. (2012). Strategi Jaringan Usaha Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Masyarakat. Ekonomikawan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Dan Studi Pembangunan, 11(12), 1–12. https://jurnal.umsu.ac.id/index.php/ekawan/article/view/94
Erbi. (2023). Pemerintah Dorong Perempuan Pelaku UMKM Kembangkan Bisnis. Kementerian Komunikasi Dan Informatika Republik Indonesia. https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/47720/pemerintah-dorong-perempuan-pelaku-umkm-kembangkan-bisnis/0/berita
Hanoatubun, S. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap Perekonomian Indonesia. Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 146–153. http://ummaspul.e-journal.id/Edupsycouns/article/view/423
Jarpukngudilestari. (2012). JARPUK Ngudi Lestari akan Mewujudkan Kemandirian dan Kesejahteraan PUK. https://jarpukngudilestari.wordpress.com/2012/04/03/jarpuk-ngudi-lestari-akan-mewujudkan-kemandirian-dan-kesejahteraan-puk/
Jirawuttinunt, S., & Wongsahai, E. (2021). The effects of social capital orientation on innovation performance of SME sector in Thailand. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 21(1), 109–120. https://doi.org/10.14456/hasss.2021.11
Junaidi, J., Suandi, S., & Perdana, S. M. (2022). The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Socio-Economic Conditions for Households in Jambi City, Indonesia. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 22(2), 479–492. https://doi.org/10.14456/hasss.2022.42
Kim, S. (2023). Antecedents of Compliance Intention and Its Impact on Waste Separation Behavior: Based on Rational Choice Theory and Deterrence Theory. Behavioral Sciences, 13(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13050424
Krstic, M. (2022). Rational Choice Theory – Alternatives and Criticisms. Socijalna Ekologija, 31(1), 9–27. https://doi.org/10.17234/SocEkol.31.1.1
Madzorera, I., & Fawzi, W. (2020). Women empowerment is central to addressing the double burden of malnutrition. EClinicalMedicine, 20, 100286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100286
Maryani, D., & Nainggolan, R. R. E. (2019). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (1st ed.). Deepublish. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=67nHDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=pengertian+pemberdayaan+&ots=myqc9jw60f&sig=xVSz2lFVLtGLmCzO7bwgluSKXts&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=pengertian pemberdayaan&f=false
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Method Sourcebook (3rd ed.). Sage Publications Ltd. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=p0wXBAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=id#v=onepage&q&f=false
Mishra, M. K. (2020). The World after Covid-19 and its impact on Global Economy. Dentons, December 2019, 1–12.
Mohamad, M. A., & Chin, O. (2019). Business networking and sustainability of small rural business: Mediating effects of entrepreneurial orientation. Management Science Letters, 9, 595–606. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.1.003
Morgan, A. K., Awafo, B. A., & Quartey, T. (2021). The effects of COVID-19 on global economic output and sustainability: evidence from around the world and lessons for redress. Sustainability: Science, Practice, and Policy, 17(1), 77–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2020.1860345
Newbery, R., Gorton, M., Phillipson, J., & Atterton, J. (2016). Sustaining business networks: Understanding the benefit bundles sought by members of local business associations. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 34(7), 1267–1283. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263774X15608850
Pattenden, J. (2023). The patriarchy of accumulation: homework, fieldwork and the production-reproduction nexus in rural Indonesia. Canadian Journal of Development/Studies Revue Canadienne d’études Du Développement, 44(2), 172–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/02255189.2022.2054784
Prastiwi, M. I. (2017). Pemberdayaan Perempuan Melalui Jarpuk (Jaringan Perempuan Usaha Kecil) dalam Upaya Peningkatan Ekonomi Produktif di Madura. Proceeding International Conference On Ethnicity and Globalization, 113–121. http://sosiologi.trunojoyo.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/Proceeding-ICEGO.pdf#page=118
Putri, K. A. Q., & Farha, A. (2022). Patriarki di Indonesia: Budaya yang Tak Kunjung Lekang. HIMIESPA (Himpunan Mahasiswa Ilmu Ekonomi UGM). https://himiespa.feb.ugm.ac.id/patriarki-di-indonesia-budaya-yang-tak-kunjung-lekang/
Rahmadhani, S. (2016). Wirausaha Perempuan Lebih Sukses? Ini Faktor-faktornya Menurut Braman Setyo. GOumkm.Id. https://goukm.id/wirausaha-perempuan-lebih-sukses-ini-faktornya/
Ritzer, G. (2012). Teori Sosiologi: Dari Sosiologi Klasik Sampai Perkembangan Terakhir Postmodern (Kedelapan). Pustaka Pelajar.
Sadan, E. (1997). Empowerment and Community Planning: Theory and Practice of People-Focused Social Solutions. Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishers. https://pdf4pro.com/amp/view/empowerment-and-community-planning-elisheva-13f77f.html
Saptono, A. (2013). Evaluasi Program Pengentasan Kemiskinan (Studi Kasus Pemberdayaan Ekonomi pada PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan di Kelurahan Perwira Kecamatan Bekasi Utara Kota Bekasi Jawa Barat. Econosains, XI(2), 29–54.
Selmani-Bakiu, A. (2022). Empowering Women in the Family: Sui Generis Role of Women in Establishing a Family and in Parental Responsibility. Balkan Social Science Review, 19, 69–88. https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2219069s
Sultana, B., Zaaba, Z. B., & Umemoto, K. (2010). Women’s Empowerment Through the Development of Micro Entrepreneurship in Rural Bangladesh. The Social Sciences, 5(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.3923/sscience.2010.1.9
Supraptiningsih, U., Jubba, H., Hariyanto, E., & Rahmawati, T. (2023). Inequality as a cultural construction: Women ’ s access to land rights in Madurese society. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2194733
Suyono, H. (2020a). Gagasan “Tabungan Takesra” dan “Kredit Kukesra” dilanjutkan Posdaya. Gerakan Masyarakat Mandiri. https://gemari.id/gemari/2020/1/20/a4xy9qvwug0jzo4eumlw38cl38i7n7
Suyono, H. (2020b). Gerakan Takesra Kukesra untuk Mengentaskan Kemiskinan. Gerakan Masyarakat Mandiri. https://gemari.id/gemari/2020/1/16/gerakan-takesra-kukesra-untuk-entaskan-kemiskinan
Tjiptaningsih, W. (2017). Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Ekonomi Keluarga (Studi Kasus Pada Kelompok Usaha Perempuan di Desa Sindangkempeng Kecamatan Greged Kabupaten Cirebon). Reformasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi, 1(2), 28–35. http://jurnal.ugj.ac.id/index.php/REFORMASI/article/view/1451
Veronika. (2022). Alasan Wanita Harus Bisa Cari Uang Sendiri. Gramedia Blog. https://www.gramedia.com/best-seller/wanita-harus-bisa-cari-uang-sendiri/
Wijaya, H. H. (2019). Analisis Data Kualitatif: Sebuah Tinjauan Teori dan Praktik (1st ed.). Sekolah Tinggi Theologia Jaffray. https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Analisis_Data_Kualitatif_Sebuah_Tinjauan/lf7ADwAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1&dq=tahapan+analisis+data+penelitian+kualitatif&printsec=frontcover
Yuliani, A. (2017). Kemenkop UKM: 3,79 Juta UMKM Sudah Go Online. Kementerian Komunikasi Dan Informatika Republik Indonesia. https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/11526/kemenkop-ukm-379-juta-umkm-sudah-go-online/0/sorotan_media
Referensi
Abdullah, N., Hashim, N. Z. I., Abidin, I. S. Z., & Shazali, S. M. M. (2022). Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic in Malaysia: A Critical Survey. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 30(4), 1857–1879. https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.30.4.20
Amri, A. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap UMKM di Indonesia. Jurnal Brand, 2(1), 123–130.
Ang, C. W., & Lai, S. L. (2023). Women’s Empowerment in Malaysia and Indonesia: The Autonomy of Women in Household Decision-Making. Pertanika: Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 31(2), 903–916. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.31.2.22
Anwar, M. Z. (2013). Organisasi Perempuan dan Pembangunan Kesejahteraan. Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif, 8(1), 133–146. http://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/isoshum/sosiologireflektif/article/view/521
Aritenang, A. (2021). The Role of Social Capital on Rural Enterprises Economic Performance: A Case Study in Indonesia Villages. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211044178
Arnani, M. (2021). Angka Kemiskinan Indonesia Naik, Ini Data Per Provinsi. Kompas.Com. https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2021/02/18/110300865/angka-kemiskinan-indonesia-naik-ini-data-per-provinsi?page=all
Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Bengkulu. (2021a). Berita Resmi Statistik: Profil Kemiskinan Provinsi Bengkulu September 2020 (Issue 15/2/17/XV).
Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Bengkulu. (2021b). September 2020, penduduk miskin Provinsi Bengkulu mencapai 305.997 orang. https://bengkulu.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2021/02/15/581/september-2020--penduduk-miskin-provinsi-bengkulu-mencapai-305-997-orang.html
Budiawati, A. D. (2016). Intip 4 Faktor Sukses Wanita Pengusaha. Dream.Co.Id. https://www.dream.co.id/dinar/intip-4-faktor-sukses-wanita-pengusaha-161107f.html
Daulay, R. (2012). Strategi Jaringan Usaha Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Masyarakat. Ekonomikawan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Dan Studi Pembangunan, 11(12), 1–12. https://jurnal.umsu.ac.id/index.php/ekawan/article/view/94
Erbi. (2023). Pemerintah Dorong Perempuan Pelaku UMKM Kembangkan Bisnis. Kementerian Komunikasi Dan Informatika Republik Indonesia. https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/47720/pemerintah-dorong-perempuan-pelaku-umkm-kembangkan-bisnis/0/berita
Hanoatubun, S. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap Perekonomian Indonesia. Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 2(1), 146–153. http://ummaspul.e-journal.id/Edupsycouns/article/view/423
Jarpukngudilestari. (2012). JARPUK Ngudi Lestari akan Mewujudkan Kemandirian dan Kesejahteraan PUK. https://jarpukngudilestari.wordpress.com/2012/04/03/jarpuk-ngudi-lestari-akan-mewujudkan-kemandirian-dan-kesejahteraan-puk/
Jirawuttinunt, S., & Wongsahai, E. (2021). The effects of social capital orientation on innovation performance of SME sector in Thailand. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 21(1), 109–120. https://doi.org/10.14456/hasss.2021.11
Junaidi, J., Suandi, S., & Perdana, S. M. (2022). The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Socio-Economic Conditions for Households in Jambi City, Indonesia. Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 22(2), 479–492. https://doi.org/10.14456/hasss.2022.42
Kim, S. (2023). Antecedents of Compliance Intention and Its Impact on Waste Separation Behavior: Based on Rational Choice Theory and Deterrence Theory. Behavioral Sciences, 13(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13050424
Krstic, M. (2022). Rational Choice Theory – Alternatives and Criticisms. Socijalna Ekologija, 31(1), 9–27. https://doi.org/10.17234/SocEkol.31.1.1
Madzorera, I., & Fawzi, W. (2020). Women empowerment is central to addressing the double burden of malnutrition. EClinicalMedicine, 20, 100286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100286
Maryani, D., & Nainggolan, R. R. E. (2019). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (1st ed.). Deepublish. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=id&lr=&id=67nHDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=pengertian+pemberdayaan+&ots=myqc9jw60f&sig=xVSz2lFVLtGLmCzO7bwgluSKXts&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=pengertian pemberdayaan&f=false
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Method Sourcebook (3rd ed.). Sage Publications Ltd. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=p0wXBAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=id#v=onepage&q&f=false
Mishra, M. K. (2020). The World after Covid-19 and its impact on Global Economy. Dentons, December 2019, 1–12.
Mohamad, M. A., & Chin, O. (2019). Business networking and sustainability of small rural business: Mediating effects of entrepreneurial orientation. Management Science Letters, 9, 595–606. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.1.003
Morgan, A. K., Awafo, B. A., & Quartey, T. (2021). The effects of COVID-19 on global economic output and sustainability: evidence from around the world and lessons for redress. Sustainability: Science, Practice, and Policy, 17(1), 77–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2020.1860345
Newbery, R., Gorton, M., Phillipson, J., & Atterton, J. (2016). Sustaining business networks: Understanding the benefit bundles sought by members of local business associations. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 34(7), 1267–1283. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263774X15608850
Pattenden, J. (2023). The patriarchy of accumulation: homework, fieldwork and the production-reproduction nexus in rural Indonesia. Canadian Journal of Development/Studies Revue Canadienne d’études Du Développement, 44(2), 172–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/02255189.2022.2054784
Prastiwi, M. I. (2017). Pemberdayaan Perempuan Melalui Jarpuk (Jaringan Perempuan Usaha Kecil) dalam Upaya Peningkatan Ekonomi Produktif di Madura. Proceeding International Conference On Ethnicity and Globalization, 113–121. http://sosiologi.trunojoyo.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/Proceeding-ICEGO.pdf#page=118
Putri, K. A. Q., & Farha, A. (2022). Patriarki di Indonesia: Budaya yang Tak Kunjung Lekang. HIMIESPA (Himpunan Mahasiswa Ilmu Ekonomi UGM). https://himiespa.feb.ugm.ac.id/patriarki-di-indonesia-budaya-yang-tak-kunjung-lekang/
Rahmadhani, S. (2016). Wirausaha Perempuan Lebih Sukses? Ini Faktor-faktornya Menurut Braman Setyo. GOumkm.Id. https://goukm.id/wirausaha-perempuan-lebih-sukses-ini-faktornya/
Ritzer, G. (2012). Teori Sosiologi: Dari Sosiologi Klasik Sampai Perkembangan Terakhir Postmodern (Kedelapan). Pustaka Pelajar.
Sadan, E. (1997). Empowerment and Community Planning: Theory and Practice of People-Focused Social Solutions. Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishers. https://pdf4pro.com/amp/view/empowerment-and-community-planning-elisheva-13f77f.html
Saptono, A. (2013). Evaluasi Program Pengentasan Kemiskinan (Studi Kasus Pemberdayaan Ekonomi pada PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan di Kelurahan Perwira Kecamatan Bekasi Utara Kota Bekasi Jawa Barat. Econosains, XI(2), 29–54.
Selmani-Bakiu, A. (2022). Empowering Women in the Family: Sui Generis Role of Women in Establishing a Family and in Parental Responsibility. Balkan Social Science Review, 19, 69–88. https://doi.org/10.46763/bssr2219069s
Sultana, B., Zaaba, Z. B., & Umemoto, K. (2010). Women’s Empowerment Through the Development of Micro Entrepreneurship in Rural Bangladesh. The Social Sciences, 5(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.3923/sscience.2010.1.9
Supraptiningsih, U., Jubba, H., Hariyanto, E., & Rahmawati, T. (2023). Inequality as a cultural construction: Women ’ s access to land rights in Madurese society. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2194733
Suyono, H. (2020a). Gagasan “Tabungan Takesra” dan “Kredit Kukesra” dilanjutkan Posdaya. Gerakan Masyarakat Mandiri. https://gemari.id/gemari/2020/1/20/a4xy9qvwug0jzo4eumlw38cl38i7n7
Suyono, H. (2020b). Gerakan Takesra Kukesra untuk Mengentaskan Kemiskinan. Gerakan Masyarakat Mandiri. https://gemari.id/gemari/2020/1/16/gerakan-takesra-kukesra-untuk-entaskan-kemiskinan
Tjiptaningsih, W. (2017). Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Ekonomi Keluarga (Studi Kasus Pada Kelompok Usaha Perempuan di Desa Sindangkempeng Kecamatan Greged Kabupaten Cirebon). Reformasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Administrasi, 1(2), 28–35. http://jurnal.ugj.ac.id/index.php/REFORMASI/article/view/1451
Veronika. (2022). Alasan Wanita Harus Bisa Cari Uang Sendiri. Gramedia Blog. https://www.gramedia.com/best-seller/wanita-harus-bisa-cari-uang-sendiri/
Wijaya, H. H. (2019). Analisis Data Kualitatif: Sebuah Tinjauan Teori dan Praktik (1st ed.). Sekolah Tinggi Theologia Jaffray. https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Analisis_Data_Kualitatif_Sebuah_Tinjauan/lf7ADwAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1&dq=tahapan+analisis+data+penelitian+kualitatif&printsec=frontcover
Yuliani, A. (2017). Kemenkop UKM: 3,79 Juta UMKM Sudah Go Online. Kementerian Komunikasi Dan Informatika Republik Indonesia. https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/11526/kemenkop-ukm-379-juta-umkm-sudah-go-online/0/sorotan_media
Amri, A. (2020). Dampak Covid-19 Terhadap UMKM di Indonesia. Jurnal Brand, 2(1), 123–130.
Ang, C. W., & Lai, S. L. (2023). Women’s Empowerment in Malaysia and Indonesia: The Autonomy of Women in Household Decision-Making. Pertanika: Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 31(2), 903–916. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47836/pjssh.31.2.22
Anwar, M. Z. (2013). Organisasi Perempuan dan Pembangunan Kesejahteraan. Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif, 8(1), 133–146. http://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/isoshum/sosiologireflektif/article/view/521
Aritenang, A. (2021). The Role of Social Capital on Rural Enterprises Economic Performance: A Case Study in Indonesia Villages. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211044178
Arnani, M. (2021). Angka Kemiskinan Indonesia Naik, Ini Data Per Provinsi. Kompas.Com. https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2021/02/18/110300865/angka-kemiskinan-indonesia-naik-ini-data-per-provinsi?page=all
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Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Bengkulu. (2021b). September 2020, penduduk miskin Provinsi Bengkulu mencapai 305.997 orang. https://bengkulu.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2021/02/15/581/september-2020--penduduk-miskin-provinsi-bengkulu-mencapai-305-997-orang.html
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