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Abstract
Penelitian analisis faktor penyebab pernikahan anak di Bengkulu mengambil kasus di kabupaten Seluma merupakan respon terhadap masih tingginya perkawinan anak usia 10-14 tahun di Provinsi Bengkulu (6,3%) yang merupakan angka tertinggi nomor 6 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif melibatkan tokoh masyarakat baik formal maupun informal menggunakan teknik Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Tujuan utama dari penelitian pernikahan anak ini adalah melakukan identifikasi dan analisis terhadap faktor-faktor sosial, budaya, ekonomi dan agama yang mendorong terjadinya perkawinan anak di Seluma. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa menurut para pemangku kepentingan beberapa faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap perkawinan anak di Kabupaten Seluma antara lain : lingkungan sosial, kemiskinan, wawasan orangtua, kearifan budaya, dan kemudahan akses internet (social media). Sedangkan terkait dengan kebijakan terhadap upaya pencegahan pernikahan anak yang telah dilakukan masih belum optimal dilakukan oleh institusi yang secara langsung berkaitan dengan eksistensi pernikahan anak di Seluma. Rekomendasi terkait dengan faktor-tersebut adalah 1). sosialisasi yang lebih intensif terhadap perkawinan anak dan dampaknya, 2). memberikan akses pendidikan yang luas kepada anak anak kelompok keluarga rentan, 3). kerjasama dengan pihak sekolah, lembaga adat, dan lembaga pemerintah terkait untuk melakukan pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi kepada para anak-anak untuk tidak melakukan perkawinan usia muda, dan 4). penegakan Undang-Undang Perkawinan yang lebih tegas.
Kata Kunci: Pernikahan anak, Diskriptif, Faktor Sosial-ekonomi.
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References
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- Todaro, M and S.C. Smith, 2003, Economic Development, 8th edition, Pearson Education Limited, United Kingdom.
- UNFPA, 2016.”Child Marriage”,http//www.Unfpa.org/child marriage. Diakses 28 April 2016.
- Unicef. 2001. “Early Marriage: Child Spouse”, Unicef Italy, Florence Italyevelopment
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References
Ariefuddin, A. 2016, “Problem Perkawinan Anak di Indonesia”, http//www.qureta.com/perkawinan anak, diakses 28 April 2016.
Baker,N. 2016. “Masa Kecil yg tercuri:Pengantin Anak di Sulawesi Barat, Unicef Indonesia, Jakarta.
Bappeda Seluma, 2014. “Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Kabupaten Seluma”,TNP2K, Kab. Seluma.
Bappenas RI, 2008, Laporan Pencapaian MDG”s 2008, Bappenas, Jakarta.
BKKBN, 2014. “Profil Kependudukan dan Pembangunan Provinsi Bengkulu “, BKKBN Provinsi Bengkulu.
BKKBN, 2015, “Pendataan Keluarga 2015”, BKKBN Provinsi Bengkulu.
BPS Seluma. 2013. “Seluma Dalam Angka (2013)”. BPS Kabupaten Seluma.
BPS. 2016. Survey Ekonomi Nasional 2016, BPS RI,Jakarta.
BPS. 2013. Survey Ekonomi Nasional 2013, BPS RI,Jakarta.
Bungin, Burhan. 2005. “Analisis Data Penelitian Kualitatif”. Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta.
Gee,E. M. 1994. “The Family” in Robert Hagedorn, Sociology, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Canada Lmt., Canada.
Girls Not Brides.2014. Brook Green, “A Theory of Change on Child Marriage”, First floor, London, UK.
Grijns,M.2014.” Child Marriage in Indonesia as Hidden Injustice”, Van Vollenhoven Institute, Leiden Law School, Java Village Foundation.
Gunarsah, S.D.2004.” Dari Ananak sampai Usia Lanjut: Bunga Rampai Psikologi Anak”, BPK Gunung Mulia, Jakarta.
Hagedorn, R., 1990, Sociology, 4th edition, Holt, Rinehart and Winston of Canada, Limited, Toronto.
ICRW, 2005, “Analysis of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) Data, Most Recent Survey for All DHS Survey Countries, New York.
ICRW. 2014. “ Too Young to Bed: Education and Action Toward Ending Chil Marriage”, New York.
Kabupaten Seluma. 2018. Kabupaten Seluma dalam Angka 2018, BPS Kabupaten Seluma, Bengkulu.
Kemenenterian Kesehatan. 2010. Laporan Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2010, Kemenkes RI, Jakarta.
Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.2016. Analisis Kerja Pendidikan Provinsi Bengkulu,Pusat data dan Statistik Pendidikan, Jakarta.
Maholtra, Anju. 2010, “The Couses, Consequences and Solutions to Forced Child Marriage in the Developing World”, ICRW, Washington D.C.
Nasrin, S.E dan Rahman, KM. 2012. “ Factora Affecting Early Marriage and Early Conception of Women: A Case of Slum Areas in Rajshahi City Bangladesh”, International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 4(2), pp 54-62, February 2012.
Poloma, M.2000, Sosiologi Kontemporer, Terjemahan, P.T.Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta.
Ritzer, G and D.J. Goodman. 2008. Modern Sociological Theory, 7th edition, McGraw-Hill Higher Education, New York.
Ritzer, G. 1980. Sociology: A Multiple Paradigm Science,”Sosiologi Ilmu Pengetahuan Berparadigma Ganda disadur oleh Alimandan”,Penerbit C.V. Rajawali, Jakarta.
Sah, R.B et al. 2014. “Factors Affecting Early Age Marriage in Dhakunta Municipality, Nepal”, Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences, Volume 03, Number 1, Januari-June, pp. 26-30.
Kabupaten Seluma Dalam Angka 2004-2014.
Singh, S. And Samara, R. 1996. “Early Marriage Among Women In Developing Countries”, International Family Planning Perspectives, 22:148–157 & 175.
Todaro, M and S.C. Smith, 2003, Economic Development, 8th edition, Pearson Education Limited, United Kingdom.
UNFPA, 2016.”Child Marriage”,http//www.Unfpa.org/child marriage. Diakses 28 April 2016.
Unicef. 2001. “Early Marriage: Child Spouse”, Unicef Italy, Florence Italyevelopment
Unicef. 2005, Early Marriage: A Hrmful Traditional Practice, New York
Unicef. 2014.”A Atudy On Early Marriage in Jordan”, Unicef Jordan, Aman.
Unicef. 2015,”AJI-UNICEF Media Awards 2015”, http://www.unicef.org /indonesia/id/media_24994.html, diakses 28 April 2016.
Usaid. 2012.”Endeing Child Marriage and Meeting The Needs of Married Children: The Usaid Vision For Action”, US Agency for International DAID.
Wood, Charles. 1981. “Structure Changes and Household Strategy: a Conceptual Framework for the Study of Rural Migration”, Human Organisation, Vol.40, No. 4, pp. 338-44.
WPF. 2013. “World Fertility Report 2012”, United Nation, Departemen of Economic and Social Affair, Population Division, LA.