Main Article Content
Abstract
This qualitative study investigated the experiences of beginner English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners utilizing English vodcasts for self-directed listening and metacognitive reflection. During a six-week intervention, 25 university students in West Sumatera, Indonesia, interacted with authentic spoken English input, supported by structured reflection. Data from Vodcast Analysis Templates and Oral Recordings documented comprehension processes, strategic responses, metacognitive insights, and affective engagement. Thematic analysis revealed four interconnected themes: challenges in listening comprehension, strategic responses to difficulties, metacognitive reflection and awareness, and affective engagement and motivation. Students often encountered difficulties with fast speech, unfamiliar accents, idiomatic expressions, and complex content, and they addressed these challenges through repetition, note-taking, and the use of subtitles. The templates facilitated learners in articulating breakdowns, evaluating listening behaviors, and recognizing growth. Overreliance on subtitles and repetition occasionally promoted superficial processing; some learners focused on vocabulary without incorporating it into discourse comprehension; and inconsistent oral responses indicated variable spoken fluency. The findings indicate that vodcasts can enhance autonomy, strategy use, and reflective learning, while also identifying areas that need instructional improvement.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Rizaldy Hanifa, Siti Rahimah Yusra, Riki Muhamanda, Dwi Bayu Saputra, Devy Kurnia Alamsyah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional.
References
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- Boonsuk, Y., Ambele, E. A., & McKinley, J. (2021). Developing awareness of Global Englishes: Moving away from ‘native standards’ for Thai university ELT. System, 99, 102511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2021.102511
- Bozorgian, H., & Shamsi, E. (2022). Autonomous use of podcasts with metacognitive intervention: Foreign language listening development. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 32(3), 442–458. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijal.12439
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
- Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2023). Toward good practice in thematic analysis: Avoiding common problems and be(com)ing a knowing researcher. International Journal of Transgender Health, 24(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2022.2129597
- Chan, W. M. (2014). Video podcasting as supplementary language learning tool - A study of its use, student access and perceptions. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 11(1), 183–206.
- Chen, C. W. (2019). Guided listening with listening journals and curated materials: a metacognitive approach. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 13(2), 133–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2017.1381104
- Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). London: Sage Publications, Inc.
- Cross, J. (2011). Metacognitive instruction for helping less-skilled listeners. ELT Journal, 65(4), 408–416. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccq073
- Cross, Jeremy. (2016). 4 Podcasts and autonomous L2 listening: Pedagogical insights and research direction. The European Journal of Applied Linguistics and TEFL, 5(2), 59–73.
- Dörnyei, Z. (2020). Innovations and Challenges in Language Learning Motivation (1st ed.). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485893
- Eragamreddy, N. (2024). The Integration of Listening Skills into Curriculum. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 7(11), 8327–8348. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/V7-i11-20
- Faramarzi, S., Tabrizi, H. H., & Chalak, A. (2019). The Effect of Vodcasting Tasks on EFL Listening Comprehension Progress in an Online Program. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 1263–1280. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12181a
- Fernandez, V., Sallan, J. M., & Simo, P. (2015). Past, Present, and Future of Podcasting in Higher Education. In M. Li & Zhao Yong (Eds.), Exploring Learning & Teaching in Higher Education (pp. 305–330). Berlin: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55352-3_14
- Goh, C. C. M. (2000). A cognitive perspective on language learners’ listening comprehension problems. System, 28(1), 55–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0346-251X(99)00060-3
- Goh, C. C. M., & Hu, G. (2014). Exploring the relationship between metacognitive awareness and listening performance with questionnaire data. Language Awareness, 23(3), 255–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658416.2013.769558
- Goh, C. C. M., & Vandergrift, L. (2021). Teaching and Learning Second Language Listening. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429287749
- Gökmen, M. F. (2021). The Role of Extensive Listening in Raising Students’ Metacognitive Awareness of Listening Skill. Research in Foreign Language Education and Applied Linguistics ELT Research Journal, 10(2), 162–189.
- Gonulal, T. (2022). Improving Listening Skills with Extensive Listening Using Podcasts and Vodcasts. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 7(1), 311–320. https://doi.org/10.33200/ijcer.685196
- Hanifa, R., & Yusra, S. R. (2024). ‘Why do I listen to this?’ Voices from university students using websites to practice listening comprehension. Studies in English Language and Education, 11(2), 728–747. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v11i2.34755
- Hanifa, R., Yusuf, F. N., Yusra, S. R., & Suherdi, D. (2024). Adapting EFL materials and its influences on Indonesia secondary school students’ language learning. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 9(69), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-024-00297-7
- Javier, R. M. B. (2021). Vodcasting: A Tool to Aid Modular Learning in English. Laguna State Polytechnic University.
- Kemp, J. (2010). The Listening Log: motivating autonomous learning. ELT Journal, 64(4), 385–395. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccp099
- Lee, Y.-J., & Cha, K.-W. (2020). Writing Listening Logs and Its Effect on Improving L2 Students’ Metacognitive Awareness and Listening Proficiency. International Journal of Contents, 16(4), 50–67.
- Madarbakus-Ring, N. (2024). Learner Reflections: Metacognitive Knowledge Approaches in L2 Listening Instruction. English Teaching & Learning, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42321-024-00177-w
- Mekheimer, M. A. (2024). Beyond the textbook: A year-long exploration of VODcasts in EFL education. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12900-y
- Newton, J. M., & Nation, I. S. P. (2020). Teaching ESL/EFL Listening and Speaking (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429203114
- Nguyen, M. T. (2020). Understanding Listening Comprehension Processing and Challenges Encountered: Research Perspectives. International Journal of English Language and Literature Studies, 9(2), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.23.2020.92.63.75
- Norte Fernández-Pacheco, N. (2016). Multimodal digital tools and EFL audio-visual comprehension: Students’ attitudes towards vodcasts. Language Value, 8(1), 49–76. https://doi.org/10.6035/LanguageV.2016.8.4
- Olmos-Vega, F. M., Stalmeijer, R. E., Varpio, L., & Kahlke, R. (2023). A practical guide to reflexivity in qualitative research: AMEE Guide No. 149. Medical Teacher, 45(3), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2022.2057287
- Pinto, M., & Leite, C. (2020). Digital technologies in support of students learning in Higher Education: literature review. Digital Education Review, (37), 343–360. https://doi.org/10.1344/der.2020.37.343-360
- Shunnar, W. A., & Altweissi, A. I. (2022). The Effect of Using Podcasts and Vodcasts on Developing Ninth Graders’ Speaking Skills of the English Language. Britain International of Linguistics Arts and Education (BIoLAE) Journal, 4(3), 242–257. https://doi.org/10.33258/biolae.v4i3.784
- Stahl, N. A., & King, J. R. (2020). Expanding Approaches for Research: Understanding and Using Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research. Journal of Developmental Education, 44(1), 26–28.
- Vellanki, S. S., Mond, S., Khan, Z. K., & Nair, L. G. (2022). Teachers’ Viewpoint of Metacognitive Strategy Instruction in Listening during Remote Teaching in Oman: Challenges and Strategies. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 21(7), 82–106. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.7.5
- Yabukoshi, T. (2021). Self-regulation and self-efficacy for the improvement of listening proficiency outside the classroom. The Language Learning Journal, 49(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2018.1472626
- Yabukoshi, T. (2023). Self-regulated pedagogical guidance for out-of-class listening practice: an empirical study of Japanese EFL learners. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 17(3), 505–517. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2022.2071425
- Yang, F. Y. (2021). EFL learners’ autonomous listening practice outside of the class. SiSal Journal, 12(4), 328–346. https://doi.org/10.37237/110403
- Yeganeh, S., & Izadpanah, S. (2021). The Effect of Podcasts and Vodcasts Among Motivated Iranian Learners of English: Different Listening Proficiency Levels. Journal of Language Horizons, 5(1), 51–75. https://doi.org/10.22051/LGHOR.2020.31823.1321
- Yusra, S. R., & Hanifa, R. (2023). Using Online Media for Extensive Listening Practices: Students’ Self-Reflections from the Extensive Listening Logbook. Komposisi: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Seni, 24(2), 133–150.
- Zeng, Y., & Goh, C. C. M. (2018). A self-regulated learning approach to extensive listening and its impact on listening achievement and metacognitive awareness. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 8(2), 193–218. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2018.8.2.2
References
Andini, I. A., & Burhanuddin, A. (2022). Indonesian and Thai EFL Learners’ Extensive Listening through Podcasts: A Self-Directed English Learning. Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature, 16(2), 332–347. https://doi.org/10.15294/lc.v16i2.35719
Boonsuk, Y., Ambele, E. A., & McKinley, J. (2021). Developing awareness of Global Englishes: Moving away from ‘native standards’ for Thai university ELT. System, 99, 102511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2021.102511
Bozorgian, H., & Shamsi, E. (2022). Autonomous use of podcasts with metacognitive intervention: Foreign language listening development. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 32(3), 442–458. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijal.12439
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2023). Toward good practice in thematic analysis: Avoiding common problems and be(com)ing a knowing researcher. International Journal of Transgender Health, 24(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/26895269.2022.2129597
Chan, W. M. (2014). Video podcasting as supplementary language learning tool - A study of its use, student access and perceptions. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 11(1), 183–206.
Chen, C. W. (2019). Guided listening with listening journals and curated materials: a metacognitive approach. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 13(2), 133–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2017.1381104
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). London: Sage Publications, Inc.
Cross, J. (2011). Metacognitive instruction for helping less-skilled listeners. ELT Journal, 65(4), 408–416. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccq073
Cross, Jeremy. (2016). 4 Podcasts and autonomous L2 listening: Pedagogical insights and research direction. The European Journal of Applied Linguistics and TEFL, 5(2), 59–73.
Dörnyei, Z. (2020). Innovations and Challenges in Language Learning Motivation (1st ed.). London: Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429485893
Eragamreddy, N. (2024). The Integration of Listening Skills into Curriculum. International Journal of Current Science Research and Review, 7(11), 8327–8348. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/V7-i11-20
Faramarzi, S., Tabrizi, H. H., & Chalak, A. (2019). The Effect of Vodcasting Tasks on EFL Listening Comprehension Progress in an Online Program. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 1263–1280. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12181a
Fernandez, V., Sallan, J. M., & Simo, P. (2015). Past, Present, and Future of Podcasting in Higher Education. In M. Li & Zhao Yong (Eds.), Exploring Learning & Teaching in Higher Education (pp. 305–330). Berlin: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55352-3_14
Goh, C. C. M. (2000). A cognitive perspective on language learners’ listening comprehension problems. System, 28(1), 55–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0346-251X(99)00060-3
Goh, C. C. M., & Hu, G. (2014). Exploring the relationship between metacognitive awareness and listening performance with questionnaire data. Language Awareness, 23(3), 255–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658416.2013.769558
Goh, C. C. M., & Vandergrift, L. (2021). Teaching and Learning Second Language Listening. New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429287749
Gökmen, M. F. (2021). The Role of Extensive Listening in Raising Students’ Metacognitive Awareness of Listening Skill. Research in Foreign Language Education and Applied Linguistics ELT Research Journal, 10(2), 162–189.
Gonulal, T. (2022). Improving Listening Skills with Extensive Listening Using Podcasts and Vodcasts. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 7(1), 311–320. https://doi.org/10.33200/ijcer.685196
Hanifa, R., & Yusra, S. R. (2024). ‘Why do I listen to this?’ Voices from university students using websites to practice listening comprehension. Studies in English Language and Education, 11(2), 728–747. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v11i2.34755
Hanifa, R., Yusuf, F. N., Yusra, S. R., & Suherdi, D. (2024). Adapting EFL materials and its influences on Indonesia secondary school students’ language learning. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 9(69), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-024-00297-7
Javier, R. M. B. (2021). Vodcasting: A Tool to Aid Modular Learning in English. Laguna State Polytechnic University.
Kemp, J. (2010). The Listening Log: motivating autonomous learning. ELT Journal, 64(4), 385–395. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccp099
Lee, Y.-J., & Cha, K.-W. (2020). Writing Listening Logs and Its Effect on Improving L2 Students’ Metacognitive Awareness and Listening Proficiency. International Journal of Contents, 16(4), 50–67.
Madarbakus-Ring, N. (2024). Learner Reflections: Metacognitive Knowledge Approaches in L2 Listening Instruction. English Teaching & Learning, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42321-024-00177-w
Mekheimer, M. A. (2024). Beyond the textbook: A year-long exploration of VODcasts in EFL education. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-024-12900-y
Newton, J. M., & Nation, I. S. P. (2020). Teaching ESL/EFL Listening and Speaking (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429203114
Nguyen, M. T. (2020). Understanding Listening Comprehension Processing and Challenges Encountered: Research Perspectives. International Journal of English Language and Literature Studies, 9(2), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.23.2020.92.63.75
Norte Fernández-Pacheco, N. (2016). Multimodal digital tools and EFL audio-visual comprehension: Students’ attitudes towards vodcasts. Language Value, 8(1), 49–76. https://doi.org/10.6035/LanguageV.2016.8.4
Olmos-Vega, F. M., Stalmeijer, R. E., Varpio, L., & Kahlke, R. (2023). A practical guide to reflexivity in qualitative research: AMEE Guide No. 149. Medical Teacher, 45(3), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2022.2057287
Pinto, M., & Leite, C. (2020). Digital technologies in support of students learning in Higher Education: literature review. Digital Education Review, (37), 343–360. https://doi.org/10.1344/der.2020.37.343-360
Shunnar, W. A., & Altweissi, A. I. (2022). The Effect of Using Podcasts and Vodcasts on Developing Ninth Graders’ Speaking Skills of the English Language. Britain International of Linguistics Arts and Education (BIoLAE) Journal, 4(3), 242–257. https://doi.org/10.33258/biolae.v4i3.784
Stahl, N. A., & King, J. R. (2020). Expanding Approaches for Research: Understanding and Using Trustworthiness in Qualitative Research. Journal of Developmental Education, 44(1), 26–28.
Vellanki, S. S., Mond, S., Khan, Z. K., & Nair, L. G. (2022). Teachers’ Viewpoint of Metacognitive Strategy Instruction in Listening during Remote Teaching in Oman: Challenges and Strategies. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 21(7), 82–106. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.21.7.5
Yabukoshi, T. (2021). Self-regulation and self-efficacy for the improvement of listening proficiency outside the classroom. The Language Learning Journal, 49(1), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/09571736.2018.1472626
Yabukoshi, T. (2023). Self-regulated pedagogical guidance for out-of-class listening practice: an empirical study of Japanese EFL learners. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 17(3), 505–517. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2022.2071425
Yang, F. Y. (2021). EFL learners’ autonomous listening practice outside of the class. SiSal Journal, 12(4), 328–346. https://doi.org/10.37237/110403
Yeganeh, S., & Izadpanah, S. (2021). The Effect of Podcasts and Vodcasts Among Motivated Iranian Learners of English: Different Listening Proficiency Levels. Journal of Language Horizons, 5(1), 51–75. https://doi.org/10.22051/LGHOR.2020.31823.1321
Yusra, S. R., & Hanifa, R. (2023). Using Online Media for Extensive Listening Practices: Students’ Self-Reflections from the Extensive Listening Logbook. Komposisi: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa, Sastra, Dan Seni, 24(2), 133–150.
Zeng, Y., & Goh, C. C. M. (2018). A self-regulated learning approach to extensive listening and its impact on listening achievement and metacognitive awareness. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 8(2), 193–218. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2018.8.2.2