Main Article Content
Abstract
The successful implementation of learning is dependent on the student and the teacher. Teachers play an important role in implementing the Merdeka Curriculum, so continuous professional development is essential to ensuring quality learning outcomes. Good teaching and the application of curriculum policies are supported by an efficient lesson plan. A lesson plan is an important component of teaching. Teachers must be able to create lesson plans appropriate to the material to be delivered, and teachers must also adjust to the character of their students when designing lesson plans. Some teachers still do not understand how to make lesson plans in the Merdeka Curriculum. The aim of this study was to examine teachers’ difficulties and strategies in designing lesson plans based on the Merdeka Curriculum. This study used a qualitative method. In collecting data, the authors used library research. The result stated that teachers have difficulty determining the learning approach, choosing a learning method, formulating the objective of learning based on the learning outcome, selecting the media in teaching, formulating differential material, formulating real-life context, designing lesson steps within time constraints, designing learning activities based on students’ interests, and formulating worksheets and assessments. The teachers can overcome this problem by: checking guidebooks, joining in-house training (IHT), attending the English Teacher Working Group (MGMP), using the Merdeka Mengajar platform, consulting with more seasoned colleagues, collaborating with other teachers, and adapting lesson plans.
Keywords
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2025 Dahlia, Ira Maisarah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional.
References
- Akmal, S., Fitriah, F., & Fadhilah, I . (2022).The challenges and strategies of Islamic school mentor teachers in implementing ELT lesson plans. Studies in English language and education, doi: 10.24815/siele.v9i3.23063
- Akmaliyah, A., & Hidayat, H. (2022). Developing online learning based lesson plan for teaching speaking in 21st century. Foreign Language Instruction Probe. doi:10.54213/flip.v1i2.173
- Anggraena, Y., Felicia, N., Ginanto, D. E., Pratiwi, I., Utama, B., Alhapip, L., & Widiaswati, D. (2022). Kajian akademik kurikulum untuk pemulihan pembelajaran (p. 123). Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan Kemdikbudristek RI. https://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/24972/
- Ansori, H., Hadi, S., Amalia, R., & Fitri, M. (2022). Bimbingan pembuatan proposal penelitian tindakan kelas bagi guru peserta MGMP matematika kota banjarmasin. Journal of Community Service, doi: 10.59329/carmin.v2i1.45
- Antari, N. L. S. (2021). An analysis of lesson plans for learning english in the senior high school. Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.23887/jlls.v4i1.34664
- Azmi, F., & Iswanto, J. (2021). Merdeka belajar. International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM), 3(3), 157–171. https://doi.org/10.47006/ijierm.v3i3.90
- Cahyani, U., Hidayad, F., & Rosmiyati, E. (2024). An analysis of english teacher’s lesson plan referring to merdeka belajar program at smk pgri 2 of palembang. Esteem Journal of English Education Study Programme; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): 173-182 ; 2622-9323 ; 10.31851/Esteem.V7i1. https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/esteem/article/view/14091
- Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qulitative inquiry & research design. In SAGE Publications (Vol. 1, Issue 4).
- Fatah, f. S. (2023). Difficulties in designing lesson plan based on merdeka belajar curriculum: a study of vocational high school english teachers in banyumas regency (doctoral dissertation, state islamic university).
- Hasanah, E., Suyatno, S., Maryani, I., Badar, M. I. Al, Fitria, Y., & Patmasari, L. (2022). Conceptual model of differentiated-instruction (DI) based on teachers’ experiences in Indonesia. Education Sciences, 12(10), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12100650
- Fitra, S., & Tiarina, Y. (2023). An analysis of English teachers ’ challenges in implementing Merdeka curriculum at SMAN 3 Solok Selatan. Journal of English Language Teaching, 12(3), 794–803.
- Jaya, G. P., Warsah, I., & Istan, M. (2023). Kiat penelitian dengan model pendekatan telaah kepustakaan. TIK ILMEU Jurnal Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi 7(1):117, doi: 10.29240/tik.v7i1.6494
- Juliani, A. J., & Bastian, A. (2021). Pendidikan karakter sebagai upaya wujudkan pelajar pancasila prosiding seminar nasional program pascasarjana universitas pgri palembang. https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/Prosidingpps/article/view/5621
- Kadariyah, N. L. (2022). English teacher’s lesson plan objectives and assessments relationship. doi: 10.24090/celti.v2.42
- Kemendikbudristek BSKAP. (2022). Salinan Keputusan Kepala Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan, Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 008/H/KR/2022 Tentang Capaian Pembelajaran Pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar dan Jenjang Pendid. In Kemendikbudristek (Issue 021).
- Kola, M. (2021) Pre-service teachers’ action research: technology education lesson planning in a South African University, Educational Action Research, 29:1, 99-117, DOI: 10.1080/09650792.2019.1686043
- Kusanagi, K. N. (2022). Teacher professional development in Indonesia: issues and challenges. In Lesson study as pedagogic transfer, education in the Asia-Pacific Region: issues, concerns and prospects 69 (pp. 67–80). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5928-8_4
- Latha, C. (2023). Lesson plan on breast prosthesis. International journal of advance research in nursing, doi: 10.33545/nursing.2023.v6.i1.c.320
- Marisa, M. (2021). Curriculum innovation “independent learning” in the era of society 5.0. Jurnal Sejarah, Pendidikan, Dan Humaniora, 5(1).
- Manalu, J. B., Sitohang, P., Heriwati, N., & Turnip, H. (2022). Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar. Prosinding Pendidikan Dasar, 1(1), 80–86. https://doi.org/10.34007/ppd.v1i1.174
- Maulida, U. (2022). Pengembangan modul ajar berbasis kurikulum Merdeka. Tarbawi : Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam, 5(2), 130–138. https://doi.org/10.51476/tarbawi.v5i2.392
- Mishra, R.C. (2009). Lesson planninng. S.B. Nangia A P H Publising corporation.
- Rohimajaya, N. A., & Hamer, W. (2023). Merdeka curriculum for high school english learning in the digital era. Klausa (Kajian Linguistik, Pembelajaran Bahasa, Dan Sastra), 7(1). https://doi.org/10.33479/klausa.v7i1.673
- Sanjaya, W., Erita, Y., Putri, R.S., &Indriyani, N. (2022). Teachers' readiness and ability in designing teaching modules in the independent curriculum.Journal of Digital Learning and distance Education, 1(1), 288-296. http://doi.10.56778/jdlde.v1i7.46
- Sari, F. F. K., & Sukarno, T. M. (2023, December). New paradigm of the Merdeka curriculum: lesson plan based on the student’s learning needs. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Learning Innovation and Quality Education (ICLIQE 2022) (Vol. 767, p. 447). Springer Nature.
- Simamora, R. M., & Pasaribu, D. (2023). education sould embrace all potential: students’ reflective essays on the meaning of merdeka belajar. Studies in Learning and Teaching, 4(1), 68–87. https://doi.org/10.46627/silet.v4i1.200
- Siri, A., Supartha, I.. W. G., Sukaatmadja, I. P. G., & Rahyuda, A. G. (2020). Does teacher competence and commitment improve teacher’s professionalism. Cogent Business and Management, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1781993
- Sulaiman, J., & Ismail, S. N. (2020). Teacher competence and 21st century skills in transformation schools 2025 (TS25). Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080829
- Wahyuni, D., & Fatimah, S. (2023). Lesson plan design based on the kurikulum merdeka by English teachers at UNP laboratory junior high school. Journal of English Language Teaching, 12(2), 456–471.
- Winda, S.N., & Tiarina,Y. (2024). An analysis of english teachers’ abilities and difficulties in designing ‘’modul ajar’’ in the merdeka curriculum at SMAN 2 Batang Anai. Journal of English Language Teaching, 13(2): pp. 473-484, DOI:10.24036/jelt.v13i2.128061
References
Akmal, S., Fitriah, F., & Fadhilah, I . (2022).The challenges and strategies of Islamic school mentor teachers in implementing ELT lesson plans. Studies in English language and education, doi: 10.24815/siele.v9i3.23063
Akmaliyah, A., & Hidayat, H. (2022). Developing online learning based lesson plan for teaching speaking in 21st century. Foreign Language Instruction Probe. doi:10.54213/flip.v1i2.173
Anggraena, Y., Felicia, N., Ginanto, D. E., Pratiwi, I., Utama, B., Alhapip, L., & Widiaswati, D. (2022). Kajian akademik kurikulum untuk pemulihan pembelajaran (p. 123). Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan Kemdikbudristek RI. https://repositori.kemdikbud.go.id/24972/
Ansori, H., Hadi, S., Amalia, R., & Fitri, M. (2022). Bimbingan pembuatan proposal penelitian tindakan kelas bagi guru peserta MGMP matematika kota banjarmasin. Journal of Community Service, doi: 10.59329/carmin.v2i1.45
Antari, N. L. S. (2021). An analysis of lesson plans for learning english in the senior high school. Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.23887/jlls.v4i1.34664
Azmi, F., & Iswanto, J. (2021). Merdeka belajar. International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM), 3(3), 157–171. https://doi.org/10.47006/ijierm.v3i3.90
Cahyani, U., Hidayad, F., & Rosmiyati, E. (2024). An analysis of english teacher’s lesson plan referring to merdeka belajar program at smk pgri 2 of palembang. Esteem Journal of English Education Study Programme; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): 173-182 ; 2622-9323 ; 10.31851/Esteem.V7i1. https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/esteem/article/view/14091
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qulitative inquiry & research design. In SAGE Publications (Vol. 1, Issue 4).
Fatah, f. S. (2023). Difficulties in designing lesson plan based on merdeka belajar curriculum: a study of vocational high school english teachers in banyumas regency (doctoral dissertation, state islamic university).
Hasanah, E., Suyatno, S., Maryani, I., Badar, M. I. Al, Fitria, Y., & Patmasari, L. (2022). Conceptual model of differentiated-instruction (DI) based on teachers’ experiences in Indonesia. Education Sciences, 12(10), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12100650
Fitra, S., & Tiarina, Y. (2023). An analysis of English teachers ’ challenges in implementing Merdeka curriculum at SMAN 3 Solok Selatan. Journal of English Language Teaching, 12(3), 794–803.
Jaya, G. P., Warsah, I., & Istan, M. (2023). Kiat penelitian dengan model pendekatan telaah kepustakaan. TIK ILMEU Jurnal Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi 7(1):117, doi: 10.29240/tik.v7i1.6494
Juliani, A. J., & Bastian, A. (2021). Pendidikan karakter sebagai upaya wujudkan pelajar pancasila prosiding seminar nasional program pascasarjana universitas pgri palembang. https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/Prosidingpps/article/view/5621
Kadariyah, N. L. (2022). English teacher’s lesson plan objectives and assessments relationship. doi: 10.24090/celti.v2.42
Kemendikbudristek BSKAP. (2022). Salinan Keputusan Kepala Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan, Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 008/H/KR/2022 Tentang Capaian Pembelajaran Pada Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar dan Jenjang Pendid. In Kemendikbudristek (Issue 021).
Kola, M. (2021) Pre-service teachers’ action research: technology education lesson planning in a South African University, Educational Action Research, 29:1, 99-117, DOI: 10.1080/09650792.2019.1686043
Kusanagi, K. N. (2022). Teacher professional development in Indonesia: issues and challenges. In Lesson study as pedagogic transfer, education in the Asia-Pacific Region: issues, concerns and prospects 69 (pp. 67–80). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5928-8_4
Latha, C. (2023). Lesson plan on breast prosthesis. International journal of advance research in nursing, doi: 10.33545/nursing.2023.v6.i1.c.320
Marisa, M. (2021). Curriculum innovation “independent learning” in the era of society 5.0. Jurnal Sejarah, Pendidikan, Dan Humaniora, 5(1).
Manalu, J. B., Sitohang, P., Heriwati, N., & Turnip, H. (2022). Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar. Prosinding Pendidikan Dasar, 1(1), 80–86. https://doi.org/10.34007/ppd.v1i1.174
Maulida, U. (2022). Pengembangan modul ajar berbasis kurikulum Merdeka. Tarbawi : Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam, 5(2), 130–138. https://doi.org/10.51476/tarbawi.v5i2.392
Mishra, R.C. (2009). Lesson planninng. S.B. Nangia A P H Publising corporation.
Rohimajaya, N. A., & Hamer, W. (2023). Merdeka curriculum for high school english learning in the digital era. Klausa (Kajian Linguistik, Pembelajaran Bahasa, Dan Sastra), 7(1). https://doi.org/10.33479/klausa.v7i1.673
Sanjaya, W., Erita, Y., Putri, R.S., &Indriyani, N. (2022). Teachers' readiness and ability in designing teaching modules in the independent curriculum.Journal of Digital Learning and distance Education, 1(1), 288-296. http://doi.10.56778/jdlde.v1i7.46
Sari, F. F. K., & Sukarno, T. M. (2023, December). New paradigm of the Merdeka curriculum: lesson plan based on the student’s learning needs. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Learning Innovation and Quality Education (ICLIQE 2022) (Vol. 767, p. 447). Springer Nature.
Simamora, R. M., & Pasaribu, D. (2023). education sould embrace all potential: students’ reflective essays on the meaning of merdeka belajar. Studies in Learning and Teaching, 4(1), 68–87. https://doi.org/10.46627/silet.v4i1.200
Siri, A., Supartha, I.. W. G., Sukaatmadja, I. P. G., & Rahyuda, A. G. (2020). Does teacher competence and commitment improve teacher’s professionalism. Cogent Business and Management, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1781993
Sulaiman, J., & Ismail, S. N. (2020). Teacher competence and 21st century skills in transformation schools 2025 (TS25). Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(8). https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080829
Wahyuni, D., & Fatimah, S. (2023). Lesson plan design based on the kurikulum merdeka by English teachers at UNP laboratory junior high school. Journal of English Language Teaching, 12(2), 456–471.
Winda, S.N., & Tiarina,Y. (2024). An analysis of english teachers’ abilities and difficulties in designing ‘’modul ajar’’ in the merdeka curriculum at SMAN 2 Batang Anai. Journal of English Language Teaching, 13(2): pp. 473-484, DOI:10.24036/jelt.v13i2.128061