Main Article Content
Abstract
Stance is an academic writing trait relating to how writers interact and communicate with their audience through language. This research focuses on the following kinds of stance expressions and sub-classes: boosters, hedges, attitude indicators, and self-mentions written by Cambodian and international authors. This study analyzed a corpus of 30 abstracts of the research article using Antconc software and the Hyland (2005) analytical framework model. The abstracts were culled from high-quality papers in the following fields: international journals and Cambodian journals. A qualitative research design was used to explore answers to three research questions: (1) what types of stance expressions are employed in Cambodian and foreign authors' abstract parts of English research articles? (2) what do Cambodian and International authors employ the sub-category devices in their research abstracts? (3) what are the differences in stance expression of English research abstracts written by Cambodian and international authors? The findings of this study indicated that types of four stance expressions were presented in the abstract section of English research papers, with the hedge being the most commonly used among the other subtypes of stances. Within both journals, there is a substantial difference in the use frequency of the attitude self-mention and markers categories; however, there is none for hedges and boosters. This analysis suggested Cambodian authors seek the understanding of stance expression and consider following international authors as a model for writing stance expression in their research article abstract.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Thida Or, Soeurn Chenda, Sovann Ly, Voithna Nhean

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References
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- Ahmad, U., & Mehrjooseresht, M. (2012). Stance adverbials in engineering thesis abstracts. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 66, 29-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.244
- Biber, D., Conrad, S., & Reppen, R. (1998). Corpus linguistics: Investigating language structure and use. Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511804489
- Chenda, S., Safnil, S., & Syafryadin, S. (2022). Stance Expressions in Introduction of English Research Articles written by Cambodian Authors. Register Journal, 15(2), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i2.183-200
- Crismore, A. (1990). Metadiscourse and discourse processes: Interactions and issues. Discourse processes, 13(2), 191-205. https://doi.org/10.1080/01638539009544753
- Dixon, C., & Nessel, D. (1983). Language Experience Approach to Reading (and Writing). Language-Experience Reading for Second Language Learners. The Alemany Press, 2501 Industrial Parkway West, Hayward, CA 94545.
- Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American journal of theoretical and applied statistics, 5(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
- Gillaerts, P., & Van de Velde, F. (2010). Interactional metadiscourse in research article abstracts. Journal of English for Academic purposes, 9(2), 128-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2010.02.004
- Hashemi, M. R., & Hosseini, H. (2019). Stance and Culture: A Comparative Study of English and Persian Authorial Stance in Applied Linguistics Research Articles. Advanced Education, 12, 21-27. https://doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.123284
- Holmes, J. (1982). Expressing doubt and certainty in English. RELC journal, 13(2), 9- https://doi.org/10.1177/003368828201300202
- Hu, G., & Cao, F. (2011). Hedging and boosting in abstracts of applied linguistics articles: A comparative study of English-and Chinese-medium journals. Journal of pragmatics, 43(11), 2795-2809.
- Hyland, K. (1996). Talking to the academy: Forms of hedging in science research articles. Written communication, 13(2), 251-281.https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088396013002004
- Hyland, K. (2004). Disciplinary interactions: Metadiscourse in L2 postgraduate writing. Journal of second language writing, 13(2), 133-151.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2004.02.001
- Hyland, K. (2004). Disciplinary discourses, Michigan classics ed.: Social interactions in academic writing. University of Michigan Press.
- Hyland, K. (2005). Stance and engagement: A model of interaction in academic discourse. Discourse studies, 7(2), 173-192. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445605050365
- Miasari, S., Arsyad, S., & Arono, A. (2018). Indonesian authors’ stances in citing English research article introductions literature in sciences. EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture, 3(2), 173-187. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.3.2.173-187
- Miftah, M. Z. (2015). Enhancing writing skill through writing process approach. Journal on English as a Foreign Language, 5(1), 9-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v5i1.88
- Moini, R., & Salami, M. (2015). Stance and engagement discourse markers in journal’s “author guidelines”. Teaching English as a Second Language Quarterly (Formerly Journal of Teaching Language Skills), 34(3), 109-140.https://dx.doi.org/10.22099/jtls.2015.3583
- Nunan, D. (1999). Second Language Teaching & Learning. Heinle & Heinle Publishers, 7625 Empire Dr., Florence, KY 41042-2978. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED441344
- Nur, S., Arsyad, S., Zaim, M., & Ramadhan, S. (2021). Interacting with readers: How nonnative authors of English use meta-discourse markers in their research article abstracts published in English medium journals. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(1), 239-255. Link: https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/informit.22060871133406
- Paltridge, B. (2013). The handbook of English for specific purposes. Retrieved from: lanlib.alzahra.ac.ir/multiMediaFile/2231994-4-1.pdf
- Papangkorn, P., & Phoocharoensil, S. (2021). A Comparative Study of Stance and Engagement Used by English and Thai Speakers in English Argumentative Essays. International Journal of Instruction, 14(1), 867-888.https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14152a
- Pho, P. (2013). Authorial stance in research articles: Examples from applied linguistics and educational technology. Springer. DOI: 10.1057/9781137032782
- Randi, R. (2010). Building a corpus: what are the key considerations? The Routledge handbook of corpus linguistics, 31-37. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780203856949-5/building-corpus-reppen-randi
- Shen, Q., & Tao, Y. (2021). Stance markers in English medical research articles and newspaper opinion columns: A comparative corpus-based study. Plos one, 16(3), e0247981.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247981
- Takimoto, M. (2015). A corpus-based analysis of hedges and boosters in English academic articles. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 5(1), 95-105. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v5i1.836
- Wang, F., & Pramoolsook, I. (2021). Attitude in abstracts: Stance expression in translation practice reports and interpretation practice reports by Chinese students. Discourse and Interaction, 14(1), 100-123. https://doi.org/10.5817/DI2021-1-100
- Wang, J., & Zeng, L. (2021). Disciplinary recognized self-presence: Self-mention used with hedges and boosters in PhD students’ research writing. SAGE Open, 11(2), 21582440211005454. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211005454
- Zhang, L., & Zhang, L. J. (2021). Fostering stance-taking as a sustainable goal in developing EFL students’ academic writing skills: Exploring the effects of explicit instruction on academic writing skills and stance deployment. Sustainability, 13(8), 4270. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084270
References
Acharya, A. S., Prakash, A., Saxena, P., & Nigam, A. (2013). Sampling: Why and how of it. Indian Journal of Medical Specialties, 4(2), 330-333. https://doi.org/10.7713/ijms.2013.0032
Ahmad, U., & Mehrjooseresht, M. (2012). Stance adverbials in engineering thesis abstracts. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 66, 29-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.11.244
Biber, D., Conrad, S., & Reppen, R. (1998). Corpus linguistics: Investigating language structure and use. Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511804489
Chenda, S., Safnil, S., & Syafryadin, S. (2022). Stance Expressions in Introduction of English Research Articles written by Cambodian Authors. Register Journal, 15(2), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v15i2.183-200
Crismore, A. (1990). Metadiscourse and discourse processes: Interactions and issues. Discourse processes, 13(2), 191-205. https://doi.org/10.1080/01638539009544753
Dixon, C., & Nessel, D. (1983). Language Experience Approach to Reading (and Writing). Language-Experience Reading for Second Language Learners. The Alemany Press, 2501 Industrial Parkway West, Hayward, CA 94545.
Etikan, I., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American journal of theoretical and applied statistics, 5(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11
Gillaerts, P., & Van de Velde, F. (2010). Interactional metadiscourse in research article abstracts. Journal of English for Academic purposes, 9(2), 128-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2010.02.004
Hashemi, M. R., & Hosseini, H. (2019). Stance and Culture: A Comparative Study of English and Persian Authorial Stance in Applied Linguistics Research Articles. Advanced Education, 12, 21-27. https://doi.org/10.20535/2410-8286.123284
Holmes, J. (1982). Expressing doubt and certainty in English. RELC journal, 13(2), 9- https://doi.org/10.1177/003368828201300202
Hu, G., & Cao, F. (2011). Hedging and boosting in abstracts of applied linguistics articles: A comparative study of English-and Chinese-medium journals. Journal of pragmatics, 43(11), 2795-2809.
Hyland, K. (1996). Talking to the academy: Forms of hedging in science research articles. Written communication, 13(2), 251-281.https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088396013002004
Hyland, K. (2004). Disciplinary interactions: Metadiscourse in L2 postgraduate writing. Journal of second language writing, 13(2), 133-151.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jslw.2004.02.001
Hyland, K. (2004). Disciplinary discourses, Michigan classics ed.: Social interactions in academic writing. University of Michigan Press.
Hyland, K. (2005). Stance and engagement: A model of interaction in academic discourse. Discourse studies, 7(2), 173-192. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445605050365
Miasari, S., Arsyad, S., & Arono, A. (2018). Indonesian authors’ stances in citing English research article introductions literature in sciences. EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture, 3(2), 173-187. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.3.2.173-187
Miftah, M. Z. (2015). Enhancing writing skill through writing process approach. Journal on English as a Foreign Language, 5(1), 9-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v5i1.88
Moini, R., & Salami, M. (2015). Stance and engagement discourse markers in journal’s “author guidelines”. Teaching English as a Second Language Quarterly (Formerly Journal of Teaching Language Skills), 34(3), 109-140.https://dx.doi.org/10.22099/jtls.2015.3583
Nunan, D. (1999). Second Language Teaching & Learning. Heinle & Heinle Publishers, 7625 Empire Dr., Florence, KY 41042-2978. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED441344
Nur, S., Arsyad, S., Zaim, M., & Ramadhan, S. (2021). Interacting with readers: How nonnative authors of English use meta-discourse markers in their research article abstracts published in English medium journals. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 17(1), 239-255. Link: https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/informit.22060871133406
Paltridge, B. (2013). The handbook of English for specific purposes. Retrieved from: lanlib.alzahra.ac.ir/multiMediaFile/2231994-4-1.pdf
Papangkorn, P., & Phoocharoensil, S. (2021). A Comparative Study of Stance and Engagement Used by English and Thai Speakers in English Argumentative Essays. International Journal of Instruction, 14(1), 867-888.https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14152a
Pho, P. (2013). Authorial stance in research articles: Examples from applied linguistics and educational technology. Springer. DOI: 10.1057/9781137032782
Randi, R. (2010). Building a corpus: what are the key considerations? The Routledge handbook of corpus linguistics, 31-37. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780203856949-5/building-corpus-reppen-randi
Shen, Q., & Tao, Y. (2021). Stance markers in English medical research articles and newspaper opinion columns: A comparative corpus-based study. Plos one, 16(3), e0247981.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247981
Takimoto, M. (2015). A corpus-based analysis of hedges and boosters in English academic articles. Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 5(1), 95-105. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v5i1.836
Wang, F., & Pramoolsook, I. (2021). Attitude in abstracts: Stance expression in translation practice reports and interpretation practice reports by Chinese students. Discourse and Interaction, 14(1), 100-123. https://doi.org/10.5817/DI2021-1-100
Wang, J., & Zeng, L. (2021). Disciplinary recognized self-presence: Self-mention used with hedges and boosters in PhD students’ research writing. SAGE Open, 11(2), 21582440211005454. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211005454
Zhang, L., & Zhang, L. J. (2021). Fostering stance-taking as a sustainable goal in developing EFL students’ academic writing skills: Exploring the effects of explicit instruction on academic writing skills and stance deployment. Sustainability, 13(8), 4270. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084270