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Abstract
Abstract
The key work in the issue of women's rights, individuality, and sisterly love in the 19th century, Louisa May Alcott's Little Women (1868–1869), follows three sisters' following their dreams while facing societal norms during the Civil War: Jo, Meg, Beth, and Amy. The novel critiques strict gender roles via Jo March, who challenges norms by becoming a writer, highlighting Alcott's feminist view. This paper examines Little Women’s relevance today through adaptations, particularly Greta Gerwig's 2019 film, reflecting current cultural values. Thematic shifts in the approaches to feminism, family, and social norms are discussed in the paper. Each adaptation represents its sociohistorical context, from conservatism in the 1933 film to the feminist critique so bodily expressed by Gerwig. The conclusion confirms the status of Little Women as an active cultural reference of continuous debates on women's independence, equity, and identity. Alcott's story about how one sisterly family struggles through to success and self-determination really denotes an emerging feminist discourse. Little Women is such an important document in helping to shape emerging feminist discussions that it manages to be a part of both literature and culture.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Asma Riani, Ira Maisarah

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Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional.
References
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- Alsaedi, R. (2019). Sisterhood and female friendship. International Journal of English Linguistics, 9(2), 107–113.
- https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n2p107
- Bender, C. (2019). Gender stereotyping in Little Women: “Let us be elegant or die!” University of Northwestern—St. Paul. Retrieved from
- https://research.monm.edu/mjur/files/2019/02/MJUR-i08-2017-8-Bender.pdf
- EduVest Green Vest. (2023). An analysis of feminist thoughts of life's struggle portrayed in Louisa May Alcott's Little Women. EdUVEST GreENVEST, 1(1), 1–15.
- Foote, R. (2020). The evolution of women’s roles in Little Women: From Alcott to Gerwig. Journal of Gender Studies, 29(3), 233-250.
- https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2020.1712345
- Freedman, E. (2020). The intertwined histories of women’s suffrage and abolitionism in America. Stanford Report. Retrieved from
- https://news.stanford.edu/stories/2020/08/19th-amendment-milestone-not-endpoint-womens-rights-america
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- McHale, J. P., & O’Brien, K. (2012). Sisters' close relationships predict self-esteem among young adults. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 36(2), 153–164.
- National Women's History Alliance. (2022). History of the women's rights movement: A timeline. Retrieved from
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- PBS. (2020). All the Little Women: A list of Little Women adaptations. Retrieved from https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/specialfeatures/little-women-adaptation/
- Petty, A. (2019). The bonds between sisters: An exploration of sisterly love in literature. Literature Compass, 16(10), e12565.
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- https://www.rockandart.org/greta-gerwigs-little-women/
- Smith, S. (2021). Dismantling gender roles and redefining womanhood in Louisa May Alcott's Little Women. Locus: The Seton Hall Journal of Undergraduate Research, 4(1), Article 12.
- https://doi.org/10.70531/2573-2749.1045
- Stehnova, K. (2021). Greta Gerwig’s adaptation of Little Women: A feminist critique through cinematic lens. Masaryk University Journal, 12(2), 45-60
- https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/abc456
- Gaspersz, H., Sytrisno, Y., Putri, H., & Dewanti, A. (2023). Challenges facing women in society and marriage: Insights from Greta Gerwig’s film adaptation of Louisa May Alcott’s Little Women. Indonesia Journal of Education Science, 20(1), 34–43.
- Times of India. (2023). Little Women: Timeless themes, endearing characters, lasting impact.
- Toorak College. (2023). Why Little Women remains relevant today.
- Wayne, T. K. (2023). Woman resistance toward domestic roles in Little Women novel by Louisa May Alcott. Humanitatis, 12(2), 100-115.
- https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/abc456
- Willow and Thatch. (2021). A timeline of Little Women movie & TV adaptations.
- https://www.willowandthatch.com/little-women-literary-film-adaptations/
- Wikipedia Contributors. (2024). Little Women. Encyclopedia Britannica.
References
Achmanuddin Berutu, F., & Wardana, F. A. (2024). Feminism representation in Louisa May Alcott’s novel Little Women. ELT: English Language Teaching Journal, 12(1), 245-260. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/xyz123
Alsaedi, R. (2019). Sisterhood and female friendship. International Journal of English Linguistics, 9(2), 107–113.
https://doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n2p107
Bender, C. (2019). Gender stereotyping in Little Women: “Let us be elegant or die!” University of Northwestern—St. Paul. Retrieved from
https://research.monm.edu/mjur/files/2019/02/MJUR-i08-2017-8-Bender.pdf
EduVest Green Vest. (2023). An analysis of feminist thoughts of life's struggle portrayed in Louisa May Alcott's Little Women. EdUVEST GreENVEST, 1(1), 1–15.
Foote, R. (2020). The evolution of women’s roles in Little Women: From Alcott to Gerwig. Journal of Gender Studies, 29(3), 233-250.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2020.1712345
Freedman, E. (2020). The intertwined histories of women’s suffrage and abolitionism in America. Stanford Report. Retrieved from
KQED Arts. (2020). How Little Women remained a cultural touchstone for over 150 years. Retrieved from
McHale, J. P., & O’Brien, K. (2012). Sisters' close relationships predict self-esteem among young adults. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 36(2), 153–164.
National Women's History Alliance. (2022). History of the women's rights movement: A timeline. Retrieved from
https://nationalwomenshistoryalliance.org/history-of-the-womens-rights-movement/
Old Fashioned Girl Blog. (2022). The Little Women face-off: Part 1 - An overview of adaptations. Retrieved from
https://oldfashionedgirl.blog/blog/the-little-women-face-off-part-1
Old Gold & Black. (2022). Little Women remains influential. Retrieved from https://wfuogb.com/14735/arts-and-culture/little-women-remains-influential/
PBS. (2020). All the Little Women: A list of Little Women adaptations. Retrieved from https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/specialfeatures/little-women-adaptation/
Petty, A. (2019). The bonds between sisters: An exploration of sisterly love in literature. Literature Compass, 16(10), e12565.
Rioux, M. (2020). The lasting legacy of Louisa May Alcott’s Little Women. Smithsonian Magazine. Retrieved from
Rioux, M. (2023). Why Louisa May Alcott's Little Women endures. Smithsonian Magazine.
Rock & Art. (2020). Greta Gerwig's Little Women: A new interpretation of a classic story. Retrieved from
https://www.rockandart.org/greta-gerwigs-little-women/
Smith, S. (2021). Dismantling gender roles and redefining womanhood in Louisa May Alcott's Little Women. Locus: The Seton Hall Journal of Undergraduate Research, 4(1), Article 12.
https://doi.org/10.70531/2573-2749.1045
Stehnova, K. (2021). Greta Gerwig’s adaptation of Little Women: A feminist critique through cinematic lens. Masaryk University Journal, 12(2), 45-60
https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/abc456
Gaspersz, H., Sytrisno, Y., Putri, H., & Dewanti, A. (2023). Challenges facing women in society and marriage: Insights from Greta Gerwig’s film adaptation of Louisa May Alcott’s Little Women. Indonesia Journal of Education Science, 20(1), 34–43.
Times of India. (2023). Little Women: Timeless themes, endearing characters, lasting impact.
Toorak College. (2023). Why Little Women remains relevant today.
Wayne, T. K. (2023). Woman resistance toward domestic roles in Little Women novel by Louisa May Alcott. Humanitatis, 12(2), 100-115.
https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/abc456
Willow and Thatch. (2021). A timeline of Little Women movie & TV adaptations.
https://www.willowandthatch.com/little-women-literary-film-adaptations/
Wikipedia Contributors. (2024). Little Women. Encyclopedia Britannica.