Main Article Content
Abstract
This study investigates how the Theory of Planned Behavior determines the customer intention to use the freemium paid version of online apps and games. Data were collected using an online questionnaire which is distributed to 189 students at several universities in Indonesia. Data were then analysed using structural equation modelling by Amos. The results show that the subjective norm has a positive effect on perceived behavioral control and attitude. Perceived behavioral control has a positive effect on intention. In addition, attitude did not have a significant effect on intention to use the freemium paid version of online apps and games.
Keywords: Freemium; Game Online; Intention; Theory Planned Behavior
Article Details
Please find the rights and licenses in Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen.
1. License
The use of the article will be governed by the Creative Commons Attribution license as currently displayed on Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
2. Author’s Warranties
The author warrants that the article is original, written by stated author(s), has not been published before, contains no unlawful statements, does not infringe the rights of others, is subject to copyright that is vested exclusively in the author and free of any third party rights, and that any necessary written permissions to quote from other sources have been obtained by the author(s).
3. User Rights
Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen spirit is to disseminate articles published are as free as possible. Under the Creative Commons license, Managament Insight permits users to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work for commercial purposes only. Users will also need to attribute authors and Managament Insight on distributing works in the journal.
4. Rights of Authors
Authors retain the following rights:
Copyright, and other proprietary rights relating to the article, such as patent rights, The right to use the substance of the article in future own works, including lectures and books, The right to reproduce the article for own purposes, The right to self-archive the article, the right to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the article's published version (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal (Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen).
5. Co-Authorship
If the article was jointly prepared by other authors, the signatory of this form warrants that he/she has been authorized by all co-authors to sign this agreement on their behalf, and agrees to inform his/her co-authors of the terms of this agreement.
6. Termination
This agreement can be terminated by the author or Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen upon two months’ notice where the other party has materially breached this agreement and failed to remedy such breach within a month of being given the terminating party’s notice requesting such breach to be remedied. No breach or violation of this agreement will cause this agreement or any license granted in it to terminate automatically or affect the definition of Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen.
7. Royalties
This agreement entitles the author to no royalties or other fees. To such extent as legally permissible, the author waives his or her right to collect royalties relative to the article in respect of any use of the article by Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen or its sublicensee.
8. Miscellaneous
Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen will publish the article (or have it published) in the journal if the article’s editorial process is successfully completed and Managament Insight or its sublicensee has become obligated to have the article published. Managament Insight may confirm the article to a style of punctuation, spelling, capitalization, referencing and usage that it deems appropriate. The author acknowledges that the article may be published so that it will be publicly accessible and such access will be free of charge for the readers.
References
- Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211.
- Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self?efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior 1. Journal of applied social psychology, 32(4), 665-683.
- Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16(1), 74-94.
- Bamberg, S., Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2003). Choice of travel mode in the theory of planned behavior: The roles of past behavior, habit, and reasoned action. Basic and applied social psychology, 25(3), 175-187.
- Cheng, H. H., & Huang, S. W. (2013). Exploring antecedents and consequence of online group-buying intention: An extended perspective on theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Information Management, 33(1), 185-198.
- Cheng, S., Lam, T., & Hsu, C. H. (2006). Negative word-of-mouth communication intention: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 30(1), 95-116.
- Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief. Attitude, Intention and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research, 578.
- Hansen, J. M., Saridakis, G., & Benson, V. (2018). Risk, trust, and the interaction of perceived ease of use and behavioral control in predicting consumers’ use of social media for transactions. Computers in Human Behavior, 80, 197-206.
- Hamari, J., Hanner, N., & Koivisto, J. (2017). Service quality explains why people use freemium services but not if they go premium: An empirical study in free-to-play games. International Journal of Information Management, 37(1), 1449-1459.
- Hunsinger, D. S., & Corley, J. K. (2013). What Influences Students to Use Dropbox?. Cloud Computing.
- Hsu, C. L., & Lin, J. C. C. (2015). What drives purchase intention for paid mobile apps?–An expectation confirmation model with perceived value. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 14(1), 46-57.
- Ladeira, W. J., de Santini, F. O., Sampaio, C. H., & Araujo, C. F. (2016). Experiential value and domain-specific innovativeness during freemium game usage: effects on child well-being. Young Consumers.
- Lee, M. C. (2009). Factors influencing the adoption of internet banking: An integration of TAM and TPB with perceived risk and perceived benefit. Electronic commerce research and applications, 8(3), 130-141.
- Liao, C., Chen, J. L., & Yen, D. C. (2007). Theory of planning behavior (TPB) and customer satisfaction in the continued use of e-service: An integrated model. Computers in human behavior, 23(6), 2804-2822.
- Liu, C. Z., Au, Y. A., & Choi, H. S. (2014). Effects of freemium strategy in the mobile app market: An empirical study of google play. Journal of Management Information Systems, 31(3), 326-354.
- Mäntymäki, M., Islam, A. N., & Benbasat, I. (2020). What drives subscribing to premium in freemium services? A consumer value?based view of differences between upgrading to and staying with premium. Information Systems Journal, 30(2), 295-333.
- Rahman, M. M., Lesch, M. F., Horrey, W. J., & Strawderman, L. (2017). Assessing the utility of TAM, TPB, and UTAUT for advanced driver assistance systems. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 108, 361-373.
- Sato, S. (2019). Freemium as optimal menu pricing. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 63, 480-510.
- Septiana, I., Salim, M., Daulay, M.Y.I. (2020). Analysis The Effect Of Habit And Perceived Enjoyment Mediated By Behavioural Intention To Adoption On Students Using Mobile Banking BNI. Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen. 15(1), 78-94
- Smith, J. R., Terry, D. J., Manstead, A. S., Louis, W. R., Kotterman, D., & Wolfs, J. (2007). Interaction effects in the theory of planned behavior: The interplay of self?identity and past behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(11), 2726-2750.
- Taherdoost, H. (2018). A review of technology acceptance and adoption models and theories. Procedia manufacturing, 22, 960-967.
- Wu, L., & Chen, J. L. (2005). An extension of trust and TAM model with TPB in the initial adoption of on-line tax: an empirical study. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 62(6), 784-808.
- Yang, H. C., & Zhou, L. (2011). Extending TPB and TAM to mobile viral marketing: An exploratory study on American young consumers’ mobile viral marketing attitude, intent and behavior. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 19(2), 85-98.
References
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211.
Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self?efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior 1. Journal of applied social psychology, 32(4), 665-683.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16(1), 74-94.
Bamberg, S., Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P. (2003). Choice of travel mode in the theory of planned behavior: The roles of past behavior, habit, and reasoned action. Basic and applied social psychology, 25(3), 175-187.
Cheng, H. H., & Huang, S. W. (2013). Exploring antecedents and consequence of online group-buying intention: An extended perspective on theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Information Management, 33(1), 185-198.
Cheng, S., Lam, T., & Hsu, C. H. (2006). Negative word-of-mouth communication intention: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 30(1), 95-116.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief. Attitude, Intention and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research, 578.
Hansen, J. M., Saridakis, G., & Benson, V. (2018). Risk, trust, and the interaction of perceived ease of use and behavioral control in predicting consumers’ use of social media for transactions. Computers in Human Behavior, 80, 197-206.
Hamari, J., Hanner, N., & Koivisto, J. (2017). Service quality explains why people use freemium services but not if they go premium: An empirical study in free-to-play games. International Journal of Information Management, 37(1), 1449-1459.
Hunsinger, D. S., & Corley, J. K. (2013). What Influences Students to Use Dropbox?. Cloud Computing.
Hsu, C. L., & Lin, J. C. C. (2015). What drives purchase intention for paid mobile apps?–An expectation confirmation model with perceived value. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 14(1), 46-57.
Ladeira, W. J., de Santini, F. O., Sampaio, C. H., & Araujo, C. F. (2016). Experiential value and domain-specific innovativeness during freemium game usage: effects on child well-being. Young Consumers.
Lee, M. C. (2009). Factors influencing the adoption of internet banking: An integration of TAM and TPB with perceived risk and perceived benefit. Electronic commerce research and applications, 8(3), 130-141.
Liao, C., Chen, J. L., & Yen, D. C. (2007). Theory of planning behavior (TPB) and customer satisfaction in the continued use of e-service: An integrated model. Computers in human behavior, 23(6), 2804-2822.
Liu, C. Z., Au, Y. A., & Choi, H. S. (2014). Effects of freemium strategy in the mobile app market: An empirical study of google play. Journal of Management Information Systems, 31(3), 326-354.
Mäntymäki, M., Islam, A. N., & Benbasat, I. (2020). What drives subscribing to premium in freemium services? A consumer value?based view of differences between upgrading to and staying with premium. Information Systems Journal, 30(2), 295-333.
Rahman, M. M., Lesch, M. F., Horrey, W. J., & Strawderman, L. (2017). Assessing the utility of TAM, TPB, and UTAUT for advanced driver assistance systems. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 108, 361-373.
Sato, S. (2019). Freemium as optimal menu pricing. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 63, 480-510.
Septiana, I., Salim, M., Daulay, M.Y.I. (2020). Analysis The Effect Of Habit And Perceived Enjoyment Mediated By Behavioural Intention To Adoption On Students Using Mobile Banking BNI. Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen. 15(1), 78-94
Smith, J. R., Terry, D. J., Manstead, A. S., Louis, W. R., Kotterman, D., & Wolfs, J. (2007). Interaction effects in the theory of planned behavior: The interplay of self?identity and past behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(11), 2726-2750.
Taherdoost, H. (2018). A review of technology acceptance and adoption models and theories. Procedia manufacturing, 22, 960-967.
Wu, L., & Chen, J. L. (2005). An extension of trust and TAM model with TPB in the initial adoption of on-line tax: an empirical study. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 62(6), 784-808.
Yang, H. C., & Zhou, L. (2011). Extending TPB and TAM to mobile viral marketing: An exploratory study on American young consumers’ mobile viral marketing attitude, intent and behavior. Journal of Targeting, Measurement and Analysis for Marketing, 19(2), 85-98.