Main Article Content
Abstract
This research is aimed to find out kind of moves, the dominant moves and steps and the most common pattern of rhetorical moves in Postgraduate Theses of English Education Study Program Students at the University of Bengkulu in the academic year 2018 and 2019. The documentation technique and checklist were used in this research. Twenty six theses were analyzed by using checklist analysis from Swales’ CARS Model (1990). The results showed that Move 1 (Establishing a Territory), Move 2 (Establishing a Niche) and Move 3 (Occupying the Niche) were found in each thesis. The writers dominantly use Move 2 and Step 1B (Indicating a Gap) and the other step is Step 1A (Outlining Purposes) of Move 3. That is to say, the writers understood that Move 2 was the key component of Problem Statement (PS), and that makes Move 2 as the obligatory move. Further, the most common pattern is Incomplete Pattern. The PS which has this pattern only involved one move in it. Meanwhile, the other PS which has two moves which belong to Semi-Complete and another one has three moves, and it belongs to Complete Pattern. In conclusion, the Problem Statement by Postgraduate Students of English Education Study Program did not follow the required structure of CARS Model by Swales (1990).
Keywords
Article Details
References
- Afrizon, E. (2018). A Discourse Analysis of Rhetorical Style in Research Article Introduction in Law Studies Written by International Authors. University of Bengkulu : Bengkulu. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33369/jeet.2.4.84-102
- Anderson, K &Joan Maclean. (1997). A Genre Analysis Study of 80 Medical Abstracts. Edinburgh Working Papers in Applied Linguistics; 8(1), 1-23.
- Ary, D., Lucy, C. J, & Chris S. (2006). Introduction to research in education. USA : Wadsworth.
- Arsyad, S. (2013). A Genre-Based Analysis on the Introductions of Research Articles Written by Indonesian Academics. Universitas Bengkulu.
- Arsyad, S. (2013). A Genre-Based Analysis of Indonesian Research Articles in the Social Sciences and Humanities Written by Indonesian Speakers. Universitas Bengkulu.
- Bwisa. M. H. (2008). How to Write A Statement Problem. Kenya : Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology.
- Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research : planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. 4th ed. Lincoln : University of Nebraska.
- Ellis, T. J., & Levy, Y. (2008). A Framework of problem-based research: A guide for noveice researchers on the development of a research-worthy problem. Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline, 11, 17-33. Retrieved from http://inform.nu/Articles/Vol11/lSjv11p017-033Ellis486.pdf
- Malcolm, Coulthard. (2002). Advances in written text analysis. Routledge.
- Hernon & Metoyer. D. C. (1993). Problem Statements: An Exploratory of Their Function, Significance and Form. Library & Information Science Research, 15, 71-92
- Ibrahim N., & Nambiar, R.M. (2011). What is the problem with statement of problem? : the case of postgraduate International students and the introductory sections of a project paper. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1713-1717.
- Jalilifar, A., Firuzmand, S., & Roshani, S. (2011). Genre Analysis of Problem Statement Sections of MA Proposals and Theses in Applied Linguistics.
- Kanoksilapatham, B. (2005). Rhetorical structure of biochemistry research articles. English for Specific Purposes, 24(3), 269-292.
- Pujiyanti, Indah. A. 2018. Rhetorical Structure Analysis on Introduction Chapters of English Master Theses by Indonesian Postgraduate Students. University of Bengkulu : Bengkulu. Unpublish Master Thesis.
- Sevilla et al., (2002). Research methods. Rex Publishing House, Quezon City.
- Sohelia, Parsa & Mohammad Hasan. T. (2017). Move structure in statement-of-the-problem sections of M.A. Theses: The Case of Native and Nonnative Speakers of English. Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics (IJAL), 20(20), 195-228
- Stansbury, M. C. (2002). Problem statements in seven LIS journals: An application of the Hernon/Metoyer-Duran attributes. Library and Information Science Research, 24(2), 157–168. doi:10.1016/S0740-8188(02)00110-X
- Sugiyono. 2007. Metode penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
- Suryarini, D. Y. 2013. The Rhetorical moves of result and discussion section of theses written by the English Department Undergraduate Students of UNESA. Theses: Graduate Program English Education Department Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University.
- Swales, M. J. (1990). Genre Analysis: English in Academic and Research Setting. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Swales, J., & Feak, C. (1994). Academic writing for graduate students. A course for nonnative speakers of English. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
- Swales, J. M. (2004). Research genres: Explorations and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Tibordo, C.R.J, Romel M. Cameron, Ronel M. Sapungan and Richard M. Banez. (2018). Rhetorical Moves in SLSU Graduate Theses and the Student-Writers’ Identity Construction. International Journal of Recent Innovations in Academic Research, 2(5): 173-225.
- Tseng, F. (2011). Analyses of move structure and verb tense of research article abstracts in applied linguistics journals. International Journal of English Linguistics, 1(2), 27e39.
- Yang, R., & Allison, D. (2003). RAs in applied linguistics: Moving from results to conclusions. English for Speci?c Purposes, 4(22), 365-384.
- Internet Sources:
- https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/introduction/researchproblem
- http://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/CARS
References
Afrizon, E. (2018). A Discourse Analysis of Rhetorical Style in Research Article Introduction in Law Studies Written by International Authors. University of Bengkulu : Bengkulu. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33369/jeet.2.4.84-102
Anderson, K &Joan Maclean. (1997). A Genre Analysis Study of 80 Medical Abstracts. Edinburgh Working Papers in Applied Linguistics; 8(1), 1-23.
Ary, D., Lucy, C. J, & Chris S. (2006). Introduction to research in education. USA : Wadsworth.
Arsyad, S. (2013). A Genre-Based Analysis on the Introductions of Research Articles Written by Indonesian Academics. Universitas Bengkulu.
Arsyad, S. (2013). A Genre-Based Analysis of Indonesian Research Articles in the Social Sciences and Humanities Written by Indonesian Speakers. Universitas Bengkulu.
Bwisa. M. H. (2008). How to Write A Statement Problem. Kenya : Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research : planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. 4th ed. Lincoln : University of Nebraska.
Ellis, T. J., & Levy, Y. (2008). A Framework of problem-based research: A guide for noveice researchers on the development of a research-worthy problem. Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline, 11, 17-33. Retrieved from http://inform.nu/Articles/Vol11/lSjv11p017-033Ellis486.pdf
Malcolm, Coulthard. (2002). Advances in written text analysis. Routledge.
Hernon & Metoyer. D. C. (1993). Problem Statements: An Exploratory of Their Function, Significance and Form. Library & Information Science Research, 15, 71-92
Ibrahim N., & Nambiar, R.M. (2011). What is the problem with statement of problem? : the case of postgraduate International students and the introductory sections of a project paper. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1713-1717.
Jalilifar, A., Firuzmand, S., & Roshani, S. (2011). Genre Analysis of Problem Statement Sections of MA Proposals and Theses in Applied Linguistics.
Kanoksilapatham, B. (2005). Rhetorical structure of biochemistry research articles. English for Specific Purposes, 24(3), 269-292.
Pujiyanti, Indah. A. 2018. Rhetorical Structure Analysis on Introduction Chapters of English Master Theses by Indonesian Postgraduate Students. University of Bengkulu : Bengkulu. Unpublish Master Thesis.
Sevilla et al., (2002). Research methods. Rex Publishing House, Quezon City.
Sohelia, Parsa & Mohammad Hasan. T. (2017). Move structure in statement-of-the-problem sections of M.A. Theses: The Case of Native and Nonnative Speakers of English. Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics (IJAL), 20(20), 195-228
Stansbury, M. C. (2002). Problem statements in seven LIS journals: An application of the Hernon/Metoyer-Duran attributes. Library and Information Science Research, 24(2), 157–168. doi:10.1016/S0740-8188(02)00110-X
Sugiyono. 2007. Metode penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Suryarini, D. Y. 2013. The Rhetorical moves of result and discussion section of theses written by the English Department Undergraduate Students of UNESA. Theses: Graduate Program English Education Department Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University.
Swales, M. J. (1990). Genre Analysis: English in Academic and Research Setting. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Swales, J., & Feak, C. (1994). Academic writing for graduate students. A course for nonnative speakers of English. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Swales, J. M. (2004). Research genres: Explorations and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tibordo, C.R.J, Romel M. Cameron, Ronel M. Sapungan and Richard M. Banez. (2018). Rhetorical Moves in SLSU Graduate Theses and the Student-Writers’ Identity Construction. International Journal of Recent Innovations in Academic Research, 2(5): 173-225.
Tseng, F. (2011). Analyses of move structure and verb tense of research article abstracts in applied linguistics journals. International Journal of English Linguistics, 1(2), 27e39.
Yang, R., & Allison, D. (2003). RAs in applied linguistics: Moving from results to conclusions. English for Speci?c Purposes, 4(22), 365-384.
Internet Sources:
https://libguides.usc.edu/writingguide/introduction/researchproblem