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Abstract
Purpose of this research was to determine the relation between fuel supply and temperature in the drying chamber of YTP-UNIB-2013 Biomass Dryer; and to describe performance of the dryer operated using palm oil leaf stem as the biomass fuel. The stems were cleaned out of leaves, cut into 5-7 cm in length, dried so that their water content less then 10%.Temperature and humidity were recorded every 15 minutes p to 3 hours of burning. In order to maintain maximal temperature in the drying chamber, biomass fuel was added at the time the temperature start decreasing. The time for the additional sample to be burned was recorded. Each of burning sample process was repeated three time to have accurate data. Result of regression analysis showed that drying chamber temperatures (T) were related to the amount of palm oil stems as biomass fuel by following an equation of T = 12.013Q + 16.293 with coefficient of determinant R² = 0.8706. Performance tests of the Biomass Dryer indicated that by using 4.4 kg/hour of palm oil stem as biomass fuel, average temperature of the chamber dryer was 65°C and capable of evaporating clear water up to 2,548 kg/hour. Therefore it could be concluded that in general, workability of the YTP-UNIB-2013 Biomass Dryer by using palm oil leaf stem as the biomass fuel was effective.
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References
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References
Akbar, A, 1994/1995. Api hutan dan strategi pemadamannya. Majalah Kehutanan Indonesia. Puskap Fisip USU: Wim Dan Yayasan Sintesa. Edisi 06 .(Panduan Penggunaan Materi Pelatihan Pencegahan dan Pemadaman Kebakaran Hutan. JICA).
Arifin, F. 2011. Pemanfaatan Limbah Serbuk Besi Untuk Bahan Selubung Ruang Bakar Kompor Bio-Mass Tipe Roket. Palembang: Politeknik Negeri Sriwijaya.
Atnaw, S.M, S.A. Sulaiman, S. Yusup. 2011, Downdraft Gasification of oil palm frond’, Trend in Applied Science Research
Azali, A., A.B. Nasrin, Y.M, Choo, N.M. Adam dan S.M. Sapuan. 2005. ‘Development of gasification system fuelled with oil palm fibres and shells’, American Jurnal of Applied Science, Special Issue
BPS, 2013. Potensi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Indonesia; www.bps.go.id
Daryanto. 2007. Energi; Masalah dan Pemanfaatanya Bagi Kehidupan Manusia. Pustaka Widyatama. Yogyakarta
Hartoyo, A. dan H. Roliadi 1978, Percobaan Pembuatan Briket Arang dari Lima Jenis Kayu, Laporan Penenelitian Hasil Hutan, Bogor.
Holman, J.P dan Jasjfi, 1995. Perpindahan Kalor. Jakarta: Erlangga
Luthfi, 2006. Ipa Kimia 1. Esis. http//books.google.com/books? ISB N:9797345157
Setyawan, Lilik Hidayat. 2004. Kamus Fisika Bergambar. Pakar Karya. Bandung
Taib, G., G. Said, dan S. Wiraatmadja. 1988. Operasi Pengeringan Pada Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian. PT. Mediyatama Sarana Perkasa, Jakarta
Wijono, A. 20111. Kajian Lingkungan dan Pemetaan Potensi Sawit Sebagai Sumber Energi Terbarukan Di Indonesia. Tanggerang Selatan:Balai Rekayaa Disain dan Sistem Teknologi
Zemansky, M.W. dan R.H. Ditman. 1986. Kalor dan Termodinamika. Bandung; ITB.
Zhang, J. And Y. Wu, 2010. Experimental Study on Drying High Moisture Paddy by Heat Pump Dryer with Heat Recovery. International Journal of Food Engineering. 6(2): 14