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Abstract
Textbooks play a crucial role in the teaching-learning process by offering students a well-organized and thorough source of information. They function as an essential educational resource, motivating pupils to attain fluency in the desired language. This qualitative study examines the lexical string pattern of two English as a Foreign Language (EFL) textbooks using Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). By focusing on lexical strings, it aims to uncover how vocabulary is sequenced and contextualized within the texts, providing insights into the coherence and cohesion strategies employed. As their capacity to disclose social and cultural aspects of language use, as well as their authenticity, intertextuality, interactive quality, and communicative roles, reading passages samples from the textbooks were selected and modified into clauses for analysis. The results show repetitive, synonymous, and meronymic counts provide insights into language usage and contribute to the overall texture and structure of the analysed texts. On the other hand, higher counts of lexical strings and lexical relations suggest a higher level of diversity and complexity. The results have pedagogical implications for effective EFL teaching. In this respect, teachers can improve vocabulary retention and coherence in language instruction by using strategic approaches based on their awareness of the dominance of repetition and short lexical strings. Thus, this study gives a significant contribution to the field of EFL teaching by providing teachers to create more contextually appropriate and successful language teaching resources that will accelerate students' development of language proficiency. For students, it offers enhanced learning materials tailored to their needs, promoting faster and more effective language acquisition.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Hieronimus Canggung Darong, Indra Susanto, Ely Heldy Diana Selamat, Yulian Juita Ekalia, Maria Olga Jelimun
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How to Cite
Lexical Strings in EFL Textbooks: SFL Analysis and Teaching Implications . (2024). JOALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature), 9(2), 262–278. https://doi.org/10.33369/joall.v9i2.33742
References
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Adenan, F. (2012). Systemic Functional Linguistics: Meaning Carriers In Functional Grammar. Humaniora, 13(3), 221–232. https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jurnal-humaniora/article/view/728
Agustian, A., & Arsyad, S. (2023). An analysis of comparative lexical cohesion between BBC News and Jakarta Post News. Journal of English for Specific Purposesin Indonesia, 2(2), 1–9.
Alwasilah, Y. A., & Gunawan, W. (2023). A Systemic Functional Linguistic Study on Language Use of Indonesian Students in Writing. Jomantara: Indonesian Journal of Art and Culture, 3(2), 110–124. https://doi.org/10.23969/jijac.v3i2.3
Alyousef, H. S. (2021). Text Cohesion in English Scientific Texts Written by Saudi Undergraduate Dentistry Students: A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Textual and Logical Relations in Oral Biology Texts. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211032194
Widiastuti, D. P., Made, S., & Steven, K. (2023). Proceedings of the 2nd International Student Conference on Linguistics (ISCL 2022). In Proceedings of the 2nd International Student Conference on Linguistics (ISCL 2022) (Issue 1). Atlantis Press SARL. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-014-5
Bui, H. P. (2022). Vietnamese EFL Students’ Use and Misconceptions of Cohesive Devices in Writing. SAGE Open, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221126993
Cabrera, L., Bijeljac-Babic, R., & Bertoncini, J. (2019). The development of consonant and lexical-tone discrimination between 3 and 6 years: Effect of language exposure. International Journal of Bilingualism, 23(6), 1249–1263. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006918781077
Cahyono, S. P. (2018). Teaching L2 writing through the use of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). Indonesian JELT: Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching, 13(1), 53–72. https://doi.org/10.25170/ijelt.v13i1.1450
Darong, H. C. (2022a). What does Systemic Functional Linguistics say about speech? A discourse-semantic analysis. World of Media. Journal of Russian Media and Journalism Studies, 4(December), 46–67. https://doi.org/10.47855/jal9020-2022-4
Darong, H. C. (2021). From Clause to Function: Texts Analysis Using Systemic Functional Linguistics Theory and Its Pedagogical Implication in Language Teaching. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 6(1), 29–46. https://doi.org/10.21462/ijefl.v6i1.337
Darong, H. C. (2022b). Interpersonal Function of American Political Speech (Systemic Functional Linguistics Approach). Ijotl-Tl, 7(1), 58–71. https://doi.org/10.30957/ijoltl.v7i1.626.such
De Backer, L., Enghels, R., & Goethals, P. (2023). Metaphor analysis meets lexical strings: finetuning the metaphor identification procedure for quantitative semantic analyses. Frontiers in Psychology, 14(November), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1214699
De Diego-Balaguer, R., & Lopez-Barroso, D. (2010). Cognitive and neural mechanisms sustaining rule learning from speech. Language Learning, 60(SUPPL. 2), 151–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00605.x
De Diego-Balaguer, R., & Rodriguez-Fornells, A. (2010). Contributions to the functional neuroanatomy of morphosyntactic processing in L2. Language Learning, 60(1), 231–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2009.00557.x
De Jong, N., & Perfetti, C. A. (2011). Fluency Training in the ESL Classroom: An Experimental Study of Fluency Development and Proceduralization. Language Learning, 61(2), 533–568. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00620.x
Diao, J. (2021). CUNY Academic Works A lexical and syntactic study of research article titles in Library Science and Scientometrics How does access to this work benefit you ? Let us know !
Eggins, S. (1994). An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics.
Emilia, E., & Hamied, F. A. (2015). Systemic Functional Linguistic Genre Pedagogy (Sfl Gp) in a Tertiary Efl Writing Context in Indonesia. TEFLIN Journal - A Publication on the Teaching and Learning of English, 26(2), 155. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v26i2/155-182
Hadikin, G. (2015). Lexical selection and the evolution of language units. Open Linguistics, 1(1), 458–466. https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2015-0013
Halliday, M. A. K. (1985). Introduction to Functional Grammar. Edward Arnold.
Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. Longman.
Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (2006). Retrospective on SFL and Literacy.” In Language and Literacy: Functional Approaches ( and A. M. R. Whittaker, M. O’Donnell (ed.)).
Hasan, R. (2014). Towards a Paradigmatic Description of Context: Systems, Metafunctions, and Semantics. Functional Lingusitics, 1(9), 1–54. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/http://www.functionallinguistics.com/content/
Kusumawardani, W. S., & Putu Putra, A. A. (2021). Textual Metafunctions in Inauguration State Speech Text of President Joko Widodo. Linguistika: Buletin Ilmiah Program Magister Linguistik Universitas Udayana, 28(2), 118. https://doi.org/10.24843/ling.2021.v28.i02.p01
Laufer, B., & Waldman, T. (2011). Verb-Noun Collocations in Second Language Writing: A Corpus Analysis of Learners’ English. Language Learning, 61(2), 647–672. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00621.x
Llinares, A., & McCabe, A. (2023). Systemic functional linguistics: the perfect match for content and language integrated learning. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 26(3), 245–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2019.1635985
Maarif, S. (2020). Lexical and Phrasal Semantic Extension of Japanese Color Words Based on Metonymic Motivation. Journal of Japanese Language Education and Linguistics, 4(2), 97–114. https://doi.org/10.18196/jjlel.4237
Marfu’ah, S., & Khristianto, K. (2023). Conjunction Analysis of Gramatical Cohesion on Christine Lindop’s Bridge and Other Love Stories. JSSH (Jurnal Sains Sosial Dan Humaniora), 7(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.30595/jssh.v7i1.16490
Martin, J. R., & Zappavigna, M. (2019). Embodied meaning: A systemic functional perspective on paralanguage. Functional Linguistics, 6(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s40554-018- 0065-9
Miller, E. R. (2009). Advanced language learning: the contribution of Halliday and Vygotsky. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 12(3), 348–353. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050802149408
Moncada Linares, S., & Xin, Z.-Y. (2020). Language Education and Systemic Functional Linguistics. NOBEL: Journal of Literature and Language Teaching, 11(2), 234–249. https://doi.org/10.15642/nobel.2020.11.2.234-249
Morton, T. (2023). Afterword: SFL, theoretical pluralism and content and language integration at the levels of curriculum, pedagogy and assessment. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 26(3), 363–368. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2020.1806781
Mustafa, M., & Syahriani, I. (2023). Genre-Based SFL Analysis of Academic Writing English: Investigating Linguistic Features and Genre Convention in Students Essays. ELITE: English and Literature Journal, 10(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.24252/elite. v10i1.36563
Muttaqien, M. Z. (2019). Cohesive Markers in Social Media Discourse: Case in Indonesian Facebook Conversations. Linguistik Indonesia, 37(2), 185–202. https://doi.org/10.26499/li.v37i2.120
Nagao, A. (2019). The SFL genre-based approach to writing in EFL contexts. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-019-0069-3
Namaziandost, E., Nasri, M., & Keshmirshekan, M. H. (2019). Cohesive Conjunctions in Applied Linguistics Research Articles among Iranian and Non-Iranian Researchers: A Comparative Corpus-based Study. Journal of English Language Studies, 4(2), 101. https://doi.org/10.30870/jels.v4i2.5431
Nugroho, A. (2018). An Analysis of EFL Learners’ Vocabulary and Lexical Collocational Knowledge. Journal of English Language and Culture, 8(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.30813/jelc.v8i1.1029
Nurmayana, N., & Nasution, N. S. (2022). Lexical Relation used in Newspaper Headline of the Jakarta Post: Jokowi Highlights Tolerance at Cultural Congress Conclusion. SALEE: Study of Applied Linguistics and English Education, 4(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.35961/salee.v4i1.535
Rajaeian, P., & Rabbani Yekta, R. (2021). Comparing Lexical Bundles in Hard Science Lectures; A Case of Native and Non-Native University Lecturers. International Journal of Research in English Education, 6(4), 106–127. https://doi.org/10.52547/ijree.6.4.106
Saudin. (2019). The Realization of Lexical Cohesion in EFL Students’ Explanatory Texts Across Two Levels of Proficiency. Jurnal Bahasa Inggris Terapan, 5(2), 76–90. https://doi.org/10.35313/jbit.v5i2.1765
Shiamizadeh, Z., & Schiller, N. O. (2018). Do Persian Native Speakers Prosodically Mark Wh-in-situ Questions ? 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830917753237
Sidabutar, U. (2021). An Analysis of Lexical Cohesion on the Students’ Writing. JETAL: Journal of English Teaching & Applied Linguistic, 2(2), 62–67. https://doi.org/10.36655/jetal.v2i2.533
Siregar, Jumaini; Nurlela; Zein, T. (2023). An Analysis of Cohesive Devices in EFL Students’ Essay Writing. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 8(1), 39–53. http://www.indonesian-efl-journal.org/index.php/ijefll/article/view/577/184
Siregar, Y., Pasaribu, A. N., & Sinambela, E. (2021). An Analysis of Mood and Modality. PIONEER: Journal of Language and Literature, 13(2), 302. https://doi.org/10.36841/pioneer.v13i2.1299
Spada, N., & Tomita, Y. (2010). Interactions Between Type of Instruction and Type of Language Feature: A Meta-Analysis. Language Learning, 60(2), 263–308. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00562.x
Sucihati, T. B. (2021). An Analysis of Lexical and Contextual Meaning on Sport News in Jawa Pos Newspaper (Linguistics Study). Linguistics and Literature, 4(1), 40–47.
To, V. (2018). Linguistic Complexity Analysis: A Case Study of Commonly-Used Textbooks in Vietnam. SAGE Open, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018787586
Umiyati, M. (2019). Textual Metafunction in Donald Trump’s Speech “Recognizing Jerusalem as Israel’s Capital.” International Journal of Systemic Functional Linguistics, 2(2), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.55637/ijsfl.2.2.1321.55-60
Wang, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2018). Systemic-functional linguistics in China (2010–2016). Word, 64(1), 9–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2018.1427085
Yang, S. (2021). A Systemic Functional Study of the System of Modality in Chinese. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211040075
Zhang, X. (2019). EFL Writers’ Reconstruction of Writing Beliefs in a Functional Linguistics-Based Curriculum: What Does the Trajectory Look Like? SAGE Open, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019853915
References
Adenan, F. (2012). Systemic Functional Linguistics: Meaning Carriers In Functional Grammar. Humaniora, 13(3), 221–232. https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jurnal-humaniora/article/view/728
Agustian, A., & Arsyad, S. (2023). An analysis of comparative lexical cohesion between BBC News and Jakarta Post News. Journal of English for Specific Purposesin Indonesia, 2(2), 1–9.
Alwasilah, Y. A., & Gunawan, W. (2023). A Systemic Functional Linguistic Study on Language Use of Indonesian Students in Writing. Jomantara: Indonesian Journal of Art and Culture, 3(2), 110–124. https://doi.org/10.23969/jijac.v3i2.3
Alyousef, H. S. (2021). Text Cohesion in English Scientific Texts Written by Saudi Undergraduate Dentistry Students: A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Textual and Logical Relations in Oral Biology Texts. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211032194
Widiastuti, D. P., Made, S., & Steven, K. (2023). Proceedings of the 2nd International Student Conference on Linguistics (ISCL 2022). In Proceedings of the 2nd International Student Conference on Linguistics (ISCL 2022) (Issue 1). Atlantis Press SARL. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-014-5
Bui, H. P. (2022). Vietnamese EFL Students’ Use and Misconceptions of Cohesive Devices in Writing. SAGE Open, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221126993
Cabrera, L., Bijeljac-Babic, R., & Bertoncini, J. (2019). The development of consonant and lexical-tone discrimination between 3 and 6 years: Effect of language exposure. International Journal of Bilingualism, 23(6), 1249–1263. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006918781077
Cahyono, S. P. (2018). Teaching L2 writing through the use of Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). Indonesian JELT: Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching, 13(1), 53–72. https://doi.org/10.25170/ijelt.v13i1.1450
Darong, H. C. (2022a). What does Systemic Functional Linguistics say about speech? A discourse-semantic analysis. World of Media. Journal of Russian Media and Journalism Studies, 4(December), 46–67. https://doi.org/10.47855/jal9020-2022-4
Darong, H. C. (2021). From Clause to Function: Texts Analysis Using Systemic Functional Linguistics Theory and Its Pedagogical Implication in Language Teaching. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 6(1), 29–46. https://doi.org/10.21462/ijefl.v6i1.337
Darong, H. C. (2022b). Interpersonal Function of American Political Speech (Systemic Functional Linguistics Approach). Ijotl-Tl, 7(1), 58–71. https://doi.org/10.30957/ijoltl.v7i1.626.such
De Backer, L., Enghels, R., & Goethals, P. (2023). Metaphor analysis meets lexical strings: finetuning the metaphor identification procedure for quantitative semantic analyses. Frontiers in Psychology, 14(November), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1214699
De Diego-Balaguer, R., & Lopez-Barroso, D. (2010). Cognitive and neural mechanisms sustaining rule learning from speech. Language Learning, 60(SUPPL. 2), 151–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00605.x
De Diego-Balaguer, R., & Rodriguez-Fornells, A. (2010). Contributions to the functional neuroanatomy of morphosyntactic processing in L2. Language Learning, 60(1), 231–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2009.00557.x
De Jong, N., & Perfetti, C. A. (2011). Fluency Training in the ESL Classroom: An Experimental Study of Fluency Development and Proceduralization. Language Learning, 61(2), 533–568. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00620.x
Diao, J. (2021). CUNY Academic Works A lexical and syntactic study of research article titles in Library Science and Scientometrics How does access to this work benefit you ? Let us know !
Eggins, S. (1994). An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics.
Emilia, E., & Hamied, F. A. (2015). Systemic Functional Linguistic Genre Pedagogy (Sfl Gp) in a Tertiary Efl Writing Context in Indonesia. TEFLIN Journal - A Publication on the Teaching and Learning of English, 26(2), 155. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v26i2/155-182
Hadikin, G. (2015). Lexical selection and the evolution of language units. Open Linguistics, 1(1), 458–466. https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2015-0013
Halliday, M. A. K. (1985). Introduction to Functional Grammar. Edward Arnold.
Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (1976). Cohesion in English. Longman.
Halliday, M. A. K., & Hasan, R. (2006). Retrospective on SFL and Literacy.” In Language and Literacy: Functional Approaches ( and A. M. R. Whittaker, M. O’Donnell (ed.)).
Hasan, R. (2014). Towards a Paradigmatic Description of Context: Systems, Metafunctions, and Semantics. Functional Lingusitics, 1(9), 1–54. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/http://www.functionallinguistics.com/content/
Kusumawardani, W. S., & Putu Putra, A. A. (2021). Textual Metafunctions in Inauguration State Speech Text of President Joko Widodo. Linguistika: Buletin Ilmiah Program Magister Linguistik Universitas Udayana, 28(2), 118. https://doi.org/10.24843/ling.2021.v28.i02.p01
Laufer, B., & Waldman, T. (2011). Verb-Noun Collocations in Second Language Writing: A Corpus Analysis of Learners’ English. Language Learning, 61(2), 647–672. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00621.x
Llinares, A., & McCabe, A. (2023). Systemic functional linguistics: the perfect match for content and language integrated learning. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 26(3), 245–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2019.1635985
Maarif, S. (2020). Lexical and Phrasal Semantic Extension of Japanese Color Words Based on Metonymic Motivation. Journal of Japanese Language Education and Linguistics, 4(2), 97–114. https://doi.org/10.18196/jjlel.4237
Marfu’ah, S., & Khristianto, K. (2023). Conjunction Analysis of Gramatical Cohesion on Christine Lindop’s Bridge and Other Love Stories. JSSH (Jurnal Sains Sosial Dan Humaniora), 7(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.30595/jssh.v7i1.16490
Martin, J. R., & Zappavigna, M. (2019). Embodied meaning: A systemic functional perspective on paralanguage. Functional Linguistics, 6(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s40554-018- 0065-9
Miller, E. R. (2009). Advanced language learning: the contribution of Halliday and Vygotsky. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 12(3), 348–353. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050802149408
Moncada Linares, S., & Xin, Z.-Y. (2020). Language Education and Systemic Functional Linguistics. NOBEL: Journal of Literature and Language Teaching, 11(2), 234–249. https://doi.org/10.15642/nobel.2020.11.2.234-249
Morton, T. (2023). Afterword: SFL, theoretical pluralism and content and language integration at the levels of curriculum, pedagogy and assessment. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 26(3), 363–368. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2020.1806781
Mustafa, M., & Syahriani, I. (2023). Genre-Based SFL Analysis of Academic Writing English: Investigating Linguistic Features and Genre Convention in Students Essays. ELITE: English and Literature Journal, 10(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.24252/elite. v10i1.36563
Muttaqien, M. Z. (2019). Cohesive Markers in Social Media Discourse: Case in Indonesian Facebook Conversations. Linguistik Indonesia, 37(2), 185–202. https://doi.org/10.26499/li.v37i2.120
Nagao, A. (2019). The SFL genre-based approach to writing in EFL contexts. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-019-0069-3
Namaziandost, E., Nasri, M., & Keshmirshekan, M. H. (2019). Cohesive Conjunctions in Applied Linguistics Research Articles among Iranian and Non-Iranian Researchers: A Comparative Corpus-based Study. Journal of English Language Studies, 4(2), 101. https://doi.org/10.30870/jels.v4i2.5431
Nugroho, A. (2018). An Analysis of EFL Learners’ Vocabulary and Lexical Collocational Knowledge. Journal of English Language and Culture, 8(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.30813/jelc.v8i1.1029
Nurmayana, N., & Nasution, N. S. (2022). Lexical Relation used in Newspaper Headline of the Jakarta Post: Jokowi Highlights Tolerance at Cultural Congress Conclusion. SALEE: Study of Applied Linguistics and English Education, 4(1), 19–30. https://doi.org/10.35961/salee.v4i1.535
Rajaeian, P., & Rabbani Yekta, R. (2021). Comparing Lexical Bundles in Hard Science Lectures; A Case of Native and Non-Native University Lecturers. International Journal of Research in English Education, 6(4), 106–127. https://doi.org/10.52547/ijree.6.4.106
Saudin. (2019). The Realization of Lexical Cohesion in EFL Students’ Explanatory Texts Across Two Levels of Proficiency. Jurnal Bahasa Inggris Terapan, 5(2), 76–90. https://doi.org/10.35313/jbit.v5i2.1765
Shiamizadeh, Z., & Schiller, N. O. (2018). Do Persian Native Speakers Prosodically Mark Wh-in-situ Questions ? 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830917753237
Sidabutar, U. (2021). An Analysis of Lexical Cohesion on the Students’ Writing. JETAL: Journal of English Teaching & Applied Linguistic, 2(2), 62–67. https://doi.org/10.36655/jetal.v2i2.533
Siregar, Jumaini; Nurlela; Zein, T. (2023). An Analysis of Cohesive Devices in EFL Students’ Essay Writing. Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics, 8(1), 39–53. http://www.indonesian-efl-journal.org/index.php/ijefll/article/view/577/184
Siregar, Y., Pasaribu, A. N., & Sinambela, E. (2021). An Analysis of Mood and Modality. PIONEER: Journal of Language and Literature, 13(2), 302. https://doi.org/10.36841/pioneer.v13i2.1299
Spada, N., & Tomita, Y. (2010). Interactions Between Type of Instruction and Type of Language Feature: A Meta-Analysis. Language Learning, 60(2), 263–308. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00562.x
Sucihati, T. B. (2021). An Analysis of Lexical and Contextual Meaning on Sport News in Jawa Pos Newspaper (Linguistics Study). Linguistics and Literature, 4(1), 40–47.
To, V. (2018). Linguistic Complexity Analysis: A Case Study of Commonly-Used Textbooks in Vietnam. SAGE Open, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018787586
Umiyati, M. (2019). Textual Metafunction in Donald Trump’s Speech “Recognizing Jerusalem as Israel’s Capital.” International Journal of Systemic Functional Linguistics, 2(2), 55–60. https://doi.org/10.55637/ijsfl.2.2.1321.55-60
Wang, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2018). Systemic-functional linguistics in China (2010–2016). Word, 64(1), 9–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2018.1427085
Yang, S. (2021). A Systemic Functional Study of the System of Modality in Chinese. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211040075
Zhang, X. (2019). EFL Writers’ Reconstruction of Writing Beliefs in a Functional Linguistics-Based Curriculum: What Does the Trajectory Look Like? SAGE Open, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019853915
Agustian, A., & Arsyad, S. (2023). An analysis of comparative lexical cohesion between BBC News and Jakarta Post News. Journal of English for Specific Purposesin Indonesia, 2(2), 1–9.
Alwasilah, Y. A., & Gunawan, W. (2023). A Systemic Functional Linguistic Study on Language Use of Indonesian Students in Writing. Jomantara: Indonesian Journal of Art and Culture, 3(2), 110–124. https://doi.org/10.23969/jijac.v3i2.3
Alyousef, H. S. (2021). Text Cohesion in English Scientific Texts Written by Saudi Undergraduate Dentistry Students: A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of Textual and Logical Relations in Oral Biology Texts. SAGE Open, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211032194
Widiastuti, D. P., Made, S., & Steven, K. (2023). Proceedings of the 2nd International Student Conference on Linguistics (ISCL 2022). In Proceedings of the 2nd International Student Conference on Linguistics (ISCL 2022) (Issue 1). Atlantis Press SARL. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-014-5
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